================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2017120 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=105
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 996.0 11.8 5.8 0.0 0.0 221.0 285.3 5.818
SIGT 988.0 11.0 2.0 2.6 1.0 288.5 285.1 4.479
SIGW 950.5 8.2 0.9 15.0 5.8 609.0 285.5 4.314
MAND 925.0 6.2 0.2 5.0 7.0 833.8 285.7 4.200
SIGT 919.0 5.6 0.6 1.7 8.3 887.2 285.6 4.353
SIGW 916.0 5.4 0.2 360.0 8.9 914.0 285.6 4.242
SIGT 904.0 4.6 -1.4 354.7 11.7 1021.7 285.9 3.821
SIGT 890.0 6.2 -8.8 348.4 15.1 1149.3 288.8 2.208
SIGW 882.5 6.7 -11.3 345.0 16.9 1219.0 290.1 1.831
SIGT 870.0 7.6 -15.4 327.9 18.0 1336.0 292.2 1.325
SIGT 854.0 6.8 -9.2 305.6 19.4 1488.7 292.9 2.230
MAND 850.0 6.4 -6.6 300.0 19.8 1527.2 292.9 2.744
SIGT 845.0 6.0 -1.0 297.6 21.7 1575.6 292.9 4.212
SIGT 842.0 6.2 1.2 296.1 22.9 1604.8 293.4 4.966
SIGT 836.0 7.6 2.6 293.2 25.3 1663.7 295.5 5.534
SIGT 833.0 7.4 4.7 291.7 26.4 1693.3 295.6 6.450
SIGT 825.0 6.8 5.3 287.8 29.6 1772.9 295.8 6.794
SIGW 819.4 6.7 5.2 285.0 31.9 1829.0 296.2 6.811
SIGT 790.0 6.0 4.9 285.0 37.8 2129.5 298.6 6.901
SIGW 789.6 6.0 4.9 285.0 37.9 2134.0 298.7 6.903
SIGT 782.0 6.6 4.8 282.4 38.6 2213.1 300.1 6.924
SIGW 760.8 5.9 3.9 275.0 40.8 2439.0 301.8 6.669
SIGT 750.0 5.6 3.4 271.1 43.5 2556.4 302.7 6.539
SIGW 733.1 5.3 1.8 265.0 47.8 2743.0 304.3 5.981
SIGT 721.0 5.0 0.7 262.8 50.0 2879.3 305.4 5.600
SIGW 706.3 4.2 0.2 260.0 52.8 3048.0 306.3 5.517
MAND 700.0 3.8 0.0 260.0 49.9 3120.5 306.7 5.481
SIGT 670.0 1.4 -1.3 260.0 47.2 3475.6 307.9 5.205
SIGW 655.0 0.9 -3.0 260.0 45.8 3658.0 309.3 4.675
SIGT 652.0 0.8 -3.4 260.3 45.7 3695.1 309.6 4.573
SIGT 628.0 -1.3 -4.9 262.8 44.8 3995.8 310.5 4.239
SIGW 606.9 -3.2 -8.1 265.0 43.9 4268.0 311.4 3.436
SIGT 604.0 -3.5 -8.5 265.0 44.0 4305.6 311.5 3.336
SIGT 571.0 -6.5 -10.2 265.0 45.4 4748.0 313.0 3.086
SIGW 561.6 -6.5 -14.3 265.0 45.8 4878.0 314.5 2.243
SIGT 559.0 -6.5 -15.5 265.6 45.3 4914.2 314.9 2.048
SIGT 552.0 -7.1 -16.1 267.2 43.9 5012.6 315.3 1.973
SIGT 548.0 -7.1 -19.1 268.1 43.0 5069.4 316.0 1.541
SIGT 539.0 -7.7 -20.7 270.3 41.1 5198.4 316.8 1.365
SIGW 519.3 -9.6 -20.4 275.0 36.9 5487.0 317.9 1.453
SIGT 512.0 -10.3 -20.3 273.1 38.0 5596.6 318.3 1.488
SIGT 506.0 -10.5 -22.5 271.6 38.9 5687.4 319.2 1.242
MAND 500.0 -11.3 -23.3 270.0 39.8 5779.1 319.3 1.171
SIGW 479.5 -14.0 -24.4 275.0 38.9 6097.0 319.8 1.108
SIGT 463.0 -16.3 -25.3 279.4 39.7 6363.7 320.1 1.057
SIGW 460.6 -16.6 -25.4 280.0 39.8 6402.0 320.3 1.057
MAND 400.0 -23.7 -26.9 265.0 50.9 7449.4 324.2 1.058
SIGW 390.4 -24.9 -28.7 260.0 51.9 7621.0 324.8 0.918
SIGW 343.2 -31.5 -38.3 275.0 64.9 8536.0 328.2 0.410
SIGW 315.0 -35.8 -44.7 275.0 62.9 9146.0 330.3 0.226
MAND 300.0 -38.3 -48.3 275.0 68.8 9491.3 331.4 0.160
MAND 250.0 -48.3 -62.3 275.0 70.9 10719.3 334.3 0.045
MAND 200.0 -60.1 -77.1 280.0 78.9 12150.9 337.6 -----
MAXW 189.0 -61.7 -78.1 280.0 82.8 12497.4 340.6 -----
SIGW 179.8 -63.1 -79.0 285.0 77.9 12804.0 343.2 -----
SIGW 154.8 -67.2 -81.5 290.0 39.8 13719.0 351.1 -----
MAND 150.0 -68.1 -82.1 280.0 45.8 13913.1 352.8 -----
TRO1 139.0 -71.3 -83.3 275.0 43.9 14367.1 354.9 -----
SIGW 133.0 -70.2 -83.5 265.0 42.9 14634.0 361.4 -----
SIGW 126.4 -69.0 -83.8 250.0 39.8 14939.0 368.9 -----
SIGW 120.2 -67.8 -84.1 255.0 47.8 15243.0 376.5 -----
MAND 100.0 -63.3 -84.3 300.0 28.0 16353.4 405.4 -----
SIGT 97.1 -62.5 -84.5 278.1 20.9 16534.7 410.4 -----
SIGW 93.5 -63.6 -84.7 250.0 11.8 16768.0 412.8 -----
SIGW 88.9 -65.0 -85.0 240.0 18.8 17073.0 415.9 -----
SIGT 87.4 -65.5 -85.1 250.5 21.6 17179.7 416.9 -----
SIGW 84.6 -63.3 -85.1 270.0 26.8 17378.0 425.3 -----
SIGT 80.6 -59.9 -85.1 294.8 18.9 17679.1 438.2 -----
SIGW 80.6 -59.9 -85.1 295.0 18.8 17682.0 438.3 -----
SIGW 73.0 -61.3 -85.1 280.0 11.8 18292.0 447.8 -----
MAND 70.0 -61.9 -85.1 270.0 7.0 18556.1 452.0 -----
SIGW 66.2 -63.3 -85.1 240.0 14.0 18902.0 456.2 -----
SIGT 65.7 -63.5 -85.1 241.8 14.0 18947.0 456.8 -----
SIGT 61.7 -62.1 -85.1 257.7 14.0 19334.2 468.1 -----
SIGT 60.0 -63.1 -85.1 264.8 14.0 19506.5 469.7 -----
SIGW 59.9 -63.1 -85.1 265.0 14.0 19512.0 469.9 -----
SIGT 57.8 -61.3 -85.1 265.0 18.3 19737.4 478.8 -----
SIGW 57.1 -61.4 -85.1 265.0 19.8 19817.0 480.3 -----
SIGW 54.3 -61.8 -85.1 280.0 11.8 20121.0 486.1 -----
SIGW 51.7 -62.3 -85.1 290.0 1.9 20426.0 492.0 -----
SIGT 50.3 -62.5 -85.1 290.0 6.1 20597.7 495.4 -----
MAND 50.0 -62.3 -85.1 290.0 7.0 20634.7 496.7 -----
SIGT 47.0 -60.1 -85.1 333.1 10.7 21019.0 510.8 -----
SIGW 46.9 -60.1 -85.1 335.0 10.9 21036.0 511.2 -----
SIGW 44.6 -60.5 -85.1 10.0 5.8 21341.0 517.6 -----
SIGT 39.5 -61.3 -85.1 43.2 4.2 22101.2 533.9 -----
SIGT 37.4 -59.7 -85.1 58.1 3.5 22441.6 546.4 -----
SIGW 33.3 -59.4 -85.1 90.0 1.9 23170.0 565.7 -----
SIGW 31.7 -59.3 -85.1 30.0 15.0 23475.0 574.0 -----
SIGW 30.2 -59.1 -85.1 330.0 1.0 23780.0 582.4 -----
MAND 30.0 -59.1 -85.1 50.0 5.8 23822.4 583.6 -----
SIGW 27.4 -57.1 -85.1 330.0 8.0 24390.0 604.3 -----
SIGT 26.2 -56.1 -85.1 7.7 10.8 24677.8 615.1 -----
SIGW 24.9 -56.6 -85.1 50.0 14.0 25000.0 622.8 -----
SIGW 23.7 -57.0 -85.1 65.0 11.8 25304.0 630.1 -----
SIGT 21.6 -57.9 -85.1 48.5 8.0 25900.6 644.6 -----
MAND 20.0 -56.3 -85.1 35.0 4.9 26387.8 663.9 -----
SIGW 17.0 -53.2 -85.1 120.0 4.9 27439.0 705.6 -----
SIGW 16.2 -52.3 -85.1 0.0 0.0 27743.0 718.1 -----
SIGT 16.0 -52.1 -85.1 360.0 0.4 27819.4 721.3 -----
SIGT 14.5 -48.1 -82.1 360.0 4.1 28462.8 755.3 -----
SIGT 13.6 -48.3 -82.3 360.0 6.5 28885.1 768.6 -----
SIGT 12.7 -45.5 -80.5 360.0 9.2 29339.0 793.6 -----
SIGW 11.2 -46.1 -81.1 360.0 14.0 30182.0 820.6 -----
SIGT 10.8 -46.3 -81.3 ----- ----- 30418.1 828.3 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 30 Apr 2017120
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 0.7 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 285.6 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 296.8 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 4.3 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 848 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -0.8 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = -----
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 16.1 C
K Index (KI) = 7.3
Lifted Index (LI) = 19.9
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 79.5
Showalter Index (ShI) = 17.2
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 22.4
Precipitable Water (PW) = 21.2 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = -246 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 301 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -----
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 331 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 315 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
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UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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