================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2017350 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS= 71
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 986.0 -4.5 -7.6 280.0 12.8 221.0 269.7 2.188
SIGT 983.0 -4.5 -8.1 280.2 13.8 245.0 270.0 2.111
SIGT 965.0 -5.5 -11.5 281.7 19.9 390.4 270.4 1.643
SIGT 936.0 -7.5 -12.5 284.1 29.9 629.0 270.7 1.562
SIGT 927.0 -7.9 -13.9 284.8 33.1 704.2 271.1 1.407
MAND 925.0 -8.1 -15.1 285.0 33.8 721.0 271.0 1.278
SIGT 915.0 -7.5 -19.5 283.1 35.1 805.6 272.5 0.891
SIGT 911.0 -7.5 -19.5 282.3 35.6 839.7 272.8 0.895
SIGT 887.0 -8.5 -11.5 277.5 38.8 1047.3 273.9 1.788
SIGT 852.0 -10.1 -13.0 270.4 43.6 1358.9 275.4 1.649
MAND 850.0 -10.3 -13.3 270.0 43.9 1377.0 275.4 1.613
MAND 700.0 -20.3 -22.8 280.0 52.8 2845.0 280.0 0.874
SIGT 687.0 -21.5 -24.1 280.6 55.5 2983.7 280.2 0.793
SIGT 650.0 -22.5 -24.4 282.2 63.3 3391.3 283.5 0.816
SIGT 614.0 -25.1 -27.1 283.9 71.2 3807.7 285.2 0.676
SIGT 606.0 -25.3 -27.7 284.3 73.0 3903.1 286.0 0.649
SIGT 600.0 -25.5 -34.5 284.6 74.4 3975.3 286.6 0.343
SIGT 594.0 -25.9 -39.9 284.9 75.8 4048.2 287.0 0.200
SIGT 586.0 -25.7 -44.7 285.3 77.7 4146.5 288.3 0.121
SIGT 581.0 -25.5 -43.5 285.5 78.8 4208.6 289.3 0.139
SIGT 576.0 -24.5 -39.5 285.8 80.0 4271.5 291.2 0.215
SIGT 570.0 -22.1 -26.3 286.1 81.5 4348.2 294.8 0.784
SIGT 560.0 -22.7 -26.3 286.6 84.0 4478.3 295.6 0.798
SIGT 554.0 -21.3 -24.0 286.9 85.5 4557.6 298.2 0.993
MAND 500.0 -24.9 -28.0 290.0 99.8 5309.4 302.7 0.765
SIGT 464.0 -27.3 -30.8 290.0 104.6 5850.6 306.2 0.634
SIGT 438.0 -30.5 -34.5 290.0 108.2 6263.4 307.3 0.470
SIGT 422.0 -32.3 -34.9 290.0 110.5 6527.1 308.3 0.469
SIGT 405.0 -34.5 -38.1 290.0 113.1 6816.0 309.1 0.354
MAND 400.0 -35.1 -39.0 290.0 113.8 6902.8 309.4 0.327
SIGT 377.0 -38.7 -43.7 290.0 116.4 7312.8 309.9 0.210
SIGT 360.0 -41.5 -46.5 290.0 118.4 7627.9 310.3 0.162
SIGT 344.0 -44.3 -47.9 290.0 120.3 7934.7 310.5 0.145
MAXW 324.0 -46.7 -54.4 290.0 122.8 8331.6 312.6 0.079
MAND 300.0 -49.7 -62.7 295.0 120.8 8841.6 315.3 0.036
TRO1 285.0 -51.9 -62.9 295.0 115.8 9175.8 316.8 0.037
MAND 250.0 -52.3 -68.3 290.0 103.7 10024.5 328.3 -----
MAND 200.0 -49.7 -67.7 285.0 89.7 11477.0 354.1 -----
MAND 150.0 -53.1 -72.1 280.0 76.9 13346.2 378.6 -----
MAND 100.0 -56.5 -74.5 275.0 75.8 15940.4 418.6 -----
SIGT 86.4 -56.9 -75.9 283.2 61.9 16867.5 435.6 -----
SIGT 81.0 -59.1 -78.1 286.8 55.8 17274.4 439.2 -----
SIGT 77.4 -57.3 -75.3 289.4 51.5 17560.7 448.7 -----
MAND 70.0 -56.7 -74.7 295.0 42.0 18197.2 463.1 -----
SIGT 68.9 -56.1 -74.1 295.0 41.8 18297.8 466.5 -----
SIGT 58.5 -60.7 -77.7 295.0 40.3 19327.4 478.5 -----
SIGT 52.9 -60.7 -76.7 295.0 39.4 19953.8 492.5 -----
SIGT 51.1 -57.9 -75.9 295.0 39.1 20170.7 503.9 -----
MAND 50.0 -58.9 -75.9 295.0 38.9 20307.6 504.7 -----
SIGT 43.0 -61.5 -78.5 299.4 37.7 21248.7 520.6 -----
SIGT 37.8 -59.7 -75.7 303.2 36.7 22051.5 544.7 -----
SIGT 32.5 -63.9 -77.9 307.7 35.6 22987.0 557.6 -----
SIGT 31.1 -63.1 -78.1 308.9 35.2 23257.5 566.8 -----
SIGT 30.6 -61.1 -77.1 309.4 35.1 23357.7 574.8 -----
MAND 30.0 -60.7 -76.7 310.0 35.0 23480.9 579.2 -----
SIGT 26.4 -61.1 -76.1 322.6 33.1 24275.9 599.6 -----
SIGT 24.9 -59.5 -74.5 328.4 32.2 24640.7 614.3 -----
SIGT 23.7 -60.3 -75.3 333.3 31.5 24949.4 620.7 -----
SIGT 23.1 -58.5 -73.5 335.8 31.1 25110.0 630.6 -----
SIGT 20.6 -62.9 -75.9 347.1 29.4 25823.0 638.2 -----
MAND 20.0 -62.3 -76.3 350.0 28.9 26005.4 645.5 -----
SIGT 16.8 -55.1 -72.1 345.0 28.4 27100.9 701.7 -----
SIGT 12.8 -56.9 -71.9 337.1 27.6 28831.2 752.2 -----
SIGT 11.5 -59.3 -72.3 334.0 27.2 29506.1 767.0 -----
SIGT 10.8 -57.9 -71.9 332.2 27.0 29900.9 786.0 -----
SIGT 10.2 -58.9 -71.9 330.6 26.9 30260.5 795.2 -----
MAND 10.0 -58.3 -72.3 330.0 26.8 30385.0 802.0 -----
SIGT 8.6 -54.3 -70.3 ----- ----- 31343.3 852.9 -----
SIGT 7.9 -54.7 -70.7 ----- ----- 31887.3 872.3 -----
SIGT 7.5 -50.7 -68.7 ----- ----- 32222.9 901.5 -----
SIGT 6.9 -51.5 -68.5 ----- ----- 32765.4 920.0 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 16 Dec 2017350
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -13.3 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 271.4 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 275.3 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 1.5 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 845 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -14.5 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = -----
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 1.7 C
K Index (KI) = -1.2
Lifted Index (LI) = 22.7
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 187.8
Showalter Index (ShI) = 19.3
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 26.2
Precipitable Water (PW) = 5.4 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = 235 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 280 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -----
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 313 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 324 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
================================================================================
UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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