================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018018 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS=114
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 991.0 -8.3 -10.8 245.0 23.9 221.0 265.5 1.692
SIGT 982.0 -8.5 -13.4 245.0 27.9 291.8 266.0 1.384
SIGW 942.4 -11.4 -13.9 245.0 45.8 609.0 266.2 1.387
MAND 925.0 -12.7 -14.1 250.0 46.8 752.3 266.3 1.388
SIGW 905.6 -13.9 -14.7 250.0 45.8 914.0 266.7 1.349
SIGT 896.0 -14.5 -15.0 251.3 42.4 994.7 266.9 1.330
SIGT 883.0 -12.7 -14.9 253.1 37.7 1105.9 269.9 1.361
SIGT 876.0 -12.5 -14.2 254.1 35.1 1166.8 270.7 1.453
SIGW 870.0 -11.7 -14.0 255.0 32.8 1219.0 272.1 1.487
SIGT 870.0 -11.7 -14.0 255.0 32.8 1219.4 272.1 1.488
SIGT 860.0 -10.1 -16.1 255.0 33.3 1308.3 274.7 1.265
SIGT 857.0 -8.7 -17.7 255.0 33.5 1335.3 276.4 1.109
SIGT 852.0 -4.5 -26.5 255.0 33.7 1381.0 281.3 0.515
MAND 850.0 -3.7 -30.7 255.0 33.8 1399.6 282.3 0.349
SIGT 847.0 -2.5 -35.5 256.0 34.4 1427.5 283.8 0.220
SIGT 844.0 -1.5 -43.5 257.0 35.0 1455.7 285.2 0.096
SIGT 836.0 -0.9 -45.9 259.6 36.6 1531.6 286.6 0.074
SIGT 817.0 -1.3 -43.3 266.0 40.5 1714.9 288.0 0.101
SIGW 805.4 -0.8 -44.1 270.0 42.9 1829.0 289.8 0.094
SIGT 800.0 -0.5 -44.5 272.6 43.8 1882.7 290.6 0.091
SIGW 775.2 -1.3 -38.9 285.0 47.8 2134.0 292.4 0.169
SIGT 761.0 -1.7 -35.7 285.0 49.8 2281.1 293.5 0.240
SIGW 746.0 -1.6 -29.3 285.0 51.9 2439.0 295.3 0.454
SIGT 735.0 -1.5 -24.5 288.9 45.3 2557.8 296.7 0.715
SIGT 724.0 -0.9 -49.9 292.9 38.6 2677.9 298.6 0.056
SIGW 718.1 -1.3 -50.3 295.0 35.0 2743.0 298.9 0.055
MAND 700.0 -2.5 -51.5 300.0 35.9 2946.1 299.7 0.050
SIGW 664.7 -5.8 -54.2 300.0 29.9 3353.0 300.5 0.040
SIGT 645.0 -7.7 -55.7 303.9 32.9 3588.8 300.9 0.034
SIGW 639.3 -8.1 -56.0 305.0 33.8 3658.0 301.2 0.034
SIGT 609.0 -10.5 -57.5 311.2 35.7 4033.2 302.7 0.031
SIGT 606.0 -10.5 -22.5 311.8 35.9 4071.2 303.1 1.037
SIGT 603.0 -10.9 -20.9 312.4 36.1 4109.4 303.1 1.199
SIGW 590.6 -12.5 -21.6 315.0 36.9 4268.0 303.0 1.151
SIGT 589.0 -12.7 -21.7 315.0 36.8 4289.4 303.0 1.145
SIGT 576.0 -13.9 -28.9 315.0 35.9 4459.4 303.6 0.611
SIGT 564.0 -15.3 -22.3 315.0 35.1 4619.0 303.8 1.134
SIGT 559.0 -15.5 -26.5 315.0 34.8 4686.3 304.3 0.785
SIGW 544.9 -17.3 -26.8 315.0 33.8 4878.0 304.4 0.784
SIGT 540.0 -17.9 -26.9 316.1 34.3 4946.3 304.5 0.784
SIGT 528.0 -19.5 -24.0 318.7 35.7 5113.9 304.5 1.042
SIGT 509.0 -21.7 -24.3 322.9 37.8 5385.3 305.0 1.052
MAND 500.0 -22.5 -27.2 325.0 38.9 5516.6 305.6 0.823
SIGT 488.0 -23.5 -31.5 325.0 38.6 5694.7 306.5 0.564
SIGW 461.7 -27.0 -31.6 325.0 37.9 6097.0 307.0 0.592
SIGT 454.0 -28.1 -31.6 326.3 38.5 6218.3 307.2 0.601
SIGT 413.0 -32.9 -37.9 333.7 42.3 6891.5 309.4 0.354
SIGW 406.0 -33.8 -39.8 335.0 42.9 7012.0 309.8 0.295
MAND 400.0 -34.5 -41.5 335.0 42.9 7115.9 310.2 0.251
SIGT 381.0 -37.1 -47.1 335.0 39.5 7454.4 311.1 0.143
SIGW 371.9 -38.5 -47.7 335.0 37.9 7621.0 311.4 0.137
SIGT 356.0 -40.9 -48.9 336.0 40.8 7920.1 312.1 0.127
SIGT 349.0 -41.7 -48.7 336.5 42.1 8055.0 312.8 0.132
SIGT 323.0 -45.7 -56.7 338.3 47.1 8575.5 314.2 0.063
MAND 300.0 -49.3 -59.3 340.0 51.9 9064.0 315.9 0.051
SIGW 296.3 -50.0 -59.4 340.0 51.9 9146.0 316.0 0.051
SIGT 294.0 -50.5 -59.5 340.0 52.2 9196.1 316.0 0.050
SIGT 286.0 -50.5 -61.5 340.0 53.3 9376.1 318.5 0.043
MAND 250.0 -56.9 -68.9 340.0 58.9 10241.2 321.5 -----
SIGW 245.1 -57.8 -69.8 335.0 58.9 10365.0 322.0 -----
SIGT 238.0 -59.1 -71.1 333.4 55.7 10551.3 322.7 -----
SIGT 228.0 -60.3 -73.3 331.1 51.1 10819.7 324.9 -----
SIGT 224.0 -60.1 -74.1 330.2 49.2 10930.2 326.8 -----
TRO1 203.0 -62.5 -75.5 325.0 38.9 11541.3 332.4 -----
SIGW 201.6 -61.9 -74.9 325.0 39.8 11585.0 334.0 -----
SIGT 201.0 -61.7 -74.7 325.0 36.2 11602.5 334.6 -----
MAND 200.0 -60.7 -74.7 325.0 29.9 11633.5 336.7 -----
SIGT 199.0 -58.7 -73.7 317.7 29.3 11664.8 340.3 -----
SIGT 195.0 -57.5 -73.5 287.7 26.8 11792.8 344.2 -----
SIGW 192.0 -57.9 -74.2 265.0 24.9 11890.0 345.0 -----
SIGT 183.0 -59.3 -76.3 274.9 30.1 12192.4 347.6 -----
SIGT 174.0 -59.5 -77.5 285.3 35.6 12508.3 352.3 -----
SIGT 171.0 -58.3 -78.3 288.9 37.5 12617.5 356.1 -----
SIGW 166.0 -58.3 -79.7 295.0 40.8 12804.0 359.1 -----
SIGT 164.0 -58.3 -80.3 290.0 38.1 12880.6 360.3 -----
SIGT 162.0 -56.7 -80.7 284.9 35.3 12958.1 364.3 -----
SIGW 158.2 -57.7 -82.3 275.0 29.9 13109.0 365.1 -----
SIGT 152.0 -59.3 -83.3 275.0 36.6 13359.8 366.5 -----
MAND 150.0 -58.9 -84.9 275.0 38.9 13442.9 368.6 -----
SIGT 148.0 -57.5 -84.5 275.3 38.8 13527.4 372.5 -----
SIGT 144.0 -57.9 ----- 276.0 38.6 13700.4 374.7 -----
SIGT 142.0 -56.9 ----- 276.4 38.5 13788.8 377.9 -----
SIGT 133.0 -56.3 ----- 278.0 38.0 14204.3 386.2 -----
SIGT 129.0 -56.7 ----- 278.8 37.8 14398.1 388.8 -----
SIGT 118.0 -61.1 ----- 281.0 37.1 14957.6 390.8 -----
SIGT 110.0 -61.9 ----- 282.7 36.6 15393.0 397.2 -----
MAND 100.0 -61.1 ----- 285.0 35.9 15984.1 409.7 -----
SIGT 94.7 -59.9 ----- 283.5 35.6 16323.4 418.5 -----
SIGT 78.9 -63.9 ----- 278.3 34.5 17453.3 432.6 -----
SIGT 71.2 -61.1 ----- 275.5 33.9 18087.1 451.5 -----
MAND 70.0 -62.1 ----- 275.0 33.8 18192.5 451.6 -----
SIGT 60.0 -65.1 ----- 268.1 37.5 19139.0 465.2 -----
SIGT 52.6 -64.3 ----- 262.3 40.7 19942.9 484.9 -----
MAND 50.0 -64.9 ----- 260.0 42.0 20252.7 490.6 -----
SIGT 48.6 -65.7 ----- 261.1 42.6 20425.7 492.7 -----
SIGT 45.7 -64.1 ----- 263.6 44.1 20801.1 505.3 -----
SIGT 39.7 -69.9 ----- 269.1 47.4 21651.3 511.4 -----
SIGT 31.2 -71.1 ----- 278.5 52.9 23081.9 544.7 -----
SIGT 30.2 -69.1 ----- 279.7 53.7 23275.8 555.2 -----
MAND 30.0 -69.3 ----- 280.0 53.8 23315.5 555.7 -----
SIGT 28.5 -70.1 ----- 279.4 57.6 23621.2 561.7 -----
SIGT 27.2 -68.5 ----- 278.8 61.0 23900.1 573.8 -----
SIGT 24.7 -71.1 ----- 277.6 68.2 24474.6 582.3 -----
SIGT 23.0 -65.7 ----- 276.7 73.4 24902.4 610.2 -----
MAND 20.0 -67.5 ----- 275.0 83.9 25748.3 629.6 -----
SIGT 17.2 -68.9 ----- 272.9 91.6 26654.0 652.9 -----
SIGT 16.5 -65.3 ----- 272.3 93.8 26904.9 672.3 -----
SIGT 14.7 -66.9 ----- 270.6 99.7 27605.7 689.5 -----
SIGT 13.8 -63.3 ----- 269.7 103.0 27990.8 714.4 -----
SIGT 12.6 -64.1 ----- 268.4 107.8 28549.1 730.4 -----
SIGT 12.2 -62.3 ----- 267.9 109.5 28747.6 743.5 -----
SIGT 11.1 -64.3 ----- 266.5 114.4 29328.6 756.6 -----
MAND 10.0 -62.9 ----- 265.0 119.9 29969.4 784.8 -----
SIGT 8.3 -58.7 ----- ----- ----- 31128.8 844.3 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 18 Jan 2018018
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -13.9 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 266.3 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 270.0 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 1.4 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 904 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -14.4 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 904 mb
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = -3.8 C
K Index (KI) = -60.9
Lifted Index (LI) = 29.5
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 106.5
Showalter Index (ShI) = 18.8
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 10.6
Precipitable Water (PW) = 3.9 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = 367 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 274 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -----
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 314 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 323 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
================================================================================
UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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