================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2019047 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS=126
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 987.0 -3.5 -6.3 255.0 12.8 221.0 270.7 2.417
SIGT 970.0 -4.9 -8.5 263.8 15.7 358.1 270.6 2.073
SIGW 939.4 -7.2 -9.5 280.0 21.0 609.0 270.8 1.977
MAND 925.0 -8.3 -10.0 285.0 22.9 729.6 270.8 1.932
SIGW 903.2 -9.8 -10.8 295.0 22.0 914.0 271.2 1.856
SIGT 890.0 -10.7 -11.3 300.6 22.7 1027.9 271.4 1.810
SIGW 868.1 -11.8 -12.4 310.0 23.9 1219.0 272.2 1.701
MAND 850.0 -12.7 -13.3 305.0 23.9 1380.5 272.9 1.613
SIGT 825.0 -14.1 -14.7 315.1 25.4 1608.0 273.7 1.481
SIGT 813.0 -12.7 -14.6 320.1 26.1 1719.6 276.3 1.516
SIGT 802.0 -12.3 -14.6 324.8 26.8 1823.7 277.9 1.536
SIGW 801.4 -12.3 -14.7 325.0 26.8 1829.0 277.9 1.528
SIGT 790.0 -12.3 -16.2 319.6 26.5 1939.0 279.1 1.366
SIGW 770.1 -12.5 -16.8 310.0 25.8 2134.0 280.9 1.337
SIGW 740.0 -12.9 -17.6 300.0 26.8 2439.0 283.7 1.292
SIGT 738.0 -12.9 -17.7 300.3 27.2 2459.3 283.9 1.289
SIGW 711.0 -13.9 -18.4 305.0 32.8 2743.0 285.8 1.260
MAND 700.0 -14.3 -18.7 305.0 31.9 2861.6 286.7 1.248
SIGT 694.0 -14.5 -19.3 304.2 32.4 2926.9 287.1 1.196
SIGT 675.0 -15.7 -20.5 301.5 33.9 3137.0 288.1 1.109
SIGT 657.0 -16.7 -24.7 299.0 35.5 3340.6 289.2 0.786
SIGT 632.0 -18.5 -25.5 295.3 37.7 3631.2 290.4 0.760
SIGW 629.7 -18.7 -26.1 295.0 37.9 3658.0 290.5 0.720
SIGW 604.3 -20.5 -33.4 300.0 38.9 3963.0 291.8 0.378
SIGT 586.0 -21.9 -38.9 300.0 44.8 4191.5 292.8 0.225
SIGW 580.0 -21.2 -45.7 300.0 46.8 4268.0 294.4 0.110
SIGT 574.0 -20.5 -52.5 301.2 48.4 4344.2 296.1 0.056
SIGT 556.0 -21.5 -47.5 305.1 53.5 4579.7 297.7 0.094
SIGT 540.0 -19.5 -62.5 308.7 58.1 4795.8 302.5 0.020
SIGW 534.1 -19.8 -57.4 310.0 59.8 4878.0 303.1 0.035
SIGT 528.0 -20.1 -52.1 308.6 60.7 4962.7 303.8 0.063
SIGW 512.5 -21.7 -52.1 305.0 62.9 5182.0 304.4 0.065
MAND 500.0 -23.1 -52.1 300.0 60.8 5364.3 304.9 0.067
SIGW 451.8 -27.9 -55.5 295.0 61.8 6097.0 307.9 0.050
SIGT 429.0 -30.3 -57.3 290.7 62.7 6470.3 309.4 0.045
MAND 400.0 -34.3 -57.3 285.0 63.9 6964.2 310.4 0.048
SIGT 367.0 -39.3 -59.3 289.5 67.4 7560.5 311.5 0.041
SIGW 363.8 -39.7 -59.7 290.0 67.8 7621.0 311.8 0.040
SIGT 354.0 -40.9 -60.9 289.3 67.4 7806.8 312.6 0.036
MAND 300.0 -50.3 -67.3 285.0 64.9 8910.4 314.5 -----
SIGW 289.3 -52.1 -67.5 280.0 67.8 9146.0 315.2 -----
SIGT 287.0 -52.5 -67.5 280.0 67.5 9198.2 315.3 -----
TRO1 272.0 -53.5 -68.5 280.0 65.9 9544.5 318.8 -----
SIGT 266.0 -52.1 -67.1 277.4 67.4 9688.5 322.8 -----
SIGT 257.0 -53.1 -69.1 273.3 69.9 9911.0 324.6 -----
MAND 250.0 -51.7 -70.7 270.0 71.9 10089.6 329.2 -----
SIGT 245.0 -50.5 -72.5 270.0 73.0 10221.0 332.9 -----
SIGT 234.0 -51.5 -79.5 270.0 75.6 10520.1 335.8 -----
SIGW 228.6 -52.4 -80.4 270.0 76.9 10670.0 336.7 -----
MAXW 228.0 -52.5 -80.6 270.0 76.9 10687.2 336.8 -----
SIGT 210.0 -55.7 -80.7 273.1 72.5 11216.2 339.8 -----
SIGT 206.0 -55.1 -80.8 273.9 71.5 11338.9 342.6 -----
SIGT 203.0 -55.7 -80.9 274.4 70.7 11432.5 343.1 -----
SIGT 201.0 -55.3 -81.0 274.8 70.2 11495.7 344.7 -----
MAND 200.0 -54.7 -81.0 275.0 69.9 11527.5 346.2 -----
SIGW 198.2 -53.7 -82.3 275.0 69.9 11585.0 348.6 -----
SIGT 196.0 -52.5 -83.0 275.0 66.1 11657.5 351.7 -----
SIGW 189.1 -49.9 -83.9 275.0 53.8 11890.0 359.4 -----
SIGT 189.0 -49.9 -83.9 274.9 53.8 11894.0 359.5 -----
SIGT 175.0 -50.9 -84.9 266.7 56.6 12396.3 365.9 -----
SIGT 167.0 -52.7 -84.3 261.7 58.3 12699.8 367.8 -----
SIGW 164.3 -52.3 -84.3 260.0 58.9 12804.0 370.2 -----
SIGT 158.0 -51.3 -84.3 264.3 62.3 13058.8 376.1 -----
MAND 150.0 -52.1 -85.1 270.0 66.8 13396.0 380.3 -----
SIGT 134.0 -52.9 -84.6 272.9 60.4 14125.2 391.4 -----
SIGT 127.0 -55.5 -84.2 274.3 57.4 14469.4 392.7 -----
SIGW 123.8 -55.6 -84.0 275.0 55.9 14634.0 395.4 -----
SIGW 112.5 -56.2 -83.4 275.0 67.8 15243.0 405.4 -----
SIGT 110.0 -56.3 -83.3 275.0 61.8 15384.2 407.7 -----
SIGW 107.2 -55.1 -83.3 275.0 54.8 15548.0 413.1 -----
SIGT 106.0 -54.5 -83.3 274.2 56.6 15620.6 415.5 -----
SIGT 102.0 -56.3 -83.3 271.4 62.7 15866.0 416.6 -----
MAND 100.0 -56.3 -83.3 270.0 65.9 15991.8 419.0 -----
SIGW 97.4 -55.8 -83.3 270.0 69.9 16158.0 423.2 -----
SIGT 96.2 -55.5 -83.3 269.5 68.1 16238.4 425.2 -----
SIGT 90.0 -57.5 -83.3 266.7 58.4 16661.3 429.4 -----
SIGT 84.2 -56.7 -83.3 263.9 48.7 17083.0 439.3 -----
SIGW 76.5 -58.8 -83.3 260.0 35.0 17682.0 447.1 -----
MAND 70.0 -60.7 -83.3 240.0 42.9 18243.6 454.5 -----
SIGT 66.3 -62.1 -83.3 245.1 51.6 18580.6 458.6 -----
SIGW 62.9 -62.3 -83.3 250.0 59.8 18902.0 465.0 -----
SIGW 54.3 -62.9 -83.3 270.0 43.9 19817.0 483.8 -----
SIGT 51.9 -63.1 -83.3 264.6 46.6 20091.3 489.6 -----
SIGT 50.7 -61.9 -83.3 261.7 48.1 20235.7 495.7 -----
MAND 50.0 -62.3 -83.3 260.0 49.0 20321.7 496.7 -----
SIGW 46.8 -64.9 -83.3 270.0 52.8 20731.0 500.1 -----
SIGT 46.5 -65.1 -83.3 272.1 51.4 20767.0 500.4 -----
SIGT 44.9 -64.7 -83.3 284.3 43.1 20980.7 506.4 -----
SIGT 44.0 -62.1 -83.3 291.5 38.2 21105.1 515.7 -----
SIGW 42.4 -61.1 -83.3 305.0 28.9 21341.0 523.9 -----
SIGT 42.1 -60.9 -83.3 303.1 27.6 21378.9 525.2 -----
SIGW 40.3 -60.6 -83.3 290.0 17.9 21646.0 532.4 -----
SIGT 38.7 -60.3 -83.3 319.5 13.6 21903.3 539.5 -----
SIGW 38.4 -60.5 -83.3 325.0 12.8 21951.0 540.3 -----
SIGW 34.8 -62.8 -83.3 290.0 19.8 22560.0 549.7 -----
SIGT 34.6 -62.9 -83.3 287.5 19.3 22597.5 550.3 -----
SIGT 33.9 -61.5 -83.3 279.3 17.4 22723.8 557.2 -----
SIGT 31.8 -64.3 -83.3 253.4 11.6 23117.8 560.0 -----
SIGW 31.5 -64.4 -83.3 250.0 10.9 23170.0 561.2 -----
MAND 30.0 -64.7 -83.3 265.0 18.8 23474.0 568.3 -----
SIGW 28.5 -64.4 -83.3 285.0 21.0 23780.0 577.4 -----
SIGW 27.2 -64.0 -83.3 290.0 25.8 24085.0 586.6 -----
SIGW 25.8 -63.7 -83.3 275.0 19.8 24390.0 595.9 -----
SIGT 25.8 -63.7 -83.3 274.8 19.8 24397.5 596.2 -----
SIGW 24.6 -62.4 -83.3 265.0 17.9 24695.0 608.2 -----
SIGW 23.4 -61.1 -83.3 285.0 21.0 25000.0 620.8 -----
SIGT 23.1 -60.7 -83.3 290.3 19.6 25080.7 624.1 -----
SIGW 22.3 -61.6 -83.3 305.0 15.9 25304.0 628.0 -----
SIGT 21.3 -62.7 -83.3 314.2 17.7 25583.4 632.8 -----
SIGW 21.2 -62.5 -83.3 315.0 17.9 25609.0 634.1 -----
SIGT 20.7 -61.3 -83.3 292.7 16.9 25760.2 642.2 -----
SIGW 20.2 -61.7 -83.3 270.0 15.9 25914.0 645.5 -----
MAND 20.0 -61.9 -83.3 270.0 15.0 25973.4 646.7 -----
SIGT 17.8 -61.5 -83.3 274.2 23.3 26695.4 669.9 -----
SIGW 17.4 -60.2 -83.3 275.0 24.9 26829.0 678.0 -----
SIGT 17.2 -59.5 -83.3 280.3 22.8 26909.1 682.9 -----
SIGW 16.6 -59.9 -83.3 295.0 16.9 27134.0 688.8 -----
SIGT 15.9 -60.3 -83.3 273.2 22.2 27400.1 695.8 -----
SIGW 15.8 -60.1 -83.3 270.0 22.9 27439.0 697.9 -----
SIGT 14.6 -56.9 -83.3 282.3 34.3 27936.4 724.4 -----
SIGW 14.3 -57.0 -83.3 285.0 36.9 28048.0 727.9 -----
SIGT 13.7 -57.1 -83.3 285.0 33.1 28339.4 737.0 -----
SIGW 13.0 -54.7 -83.3 285.0 28.9 28658.0 755.8 -----
SIGT 12.8 -53.9 -83.3 ----- ----- 28772.7 762.6 -----
SIGT 10.6 -53.5 -83.3 ----- ----- 29985.4 806.3 -----
SIGT 10.0 -49.3 -83.3 ----- ----- 30364.0 835.6 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 16 Feb 2019047
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -9.5 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 270.9 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 276.0 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 2.0 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 905 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -9.9 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 905 mb
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = -0.7 C
K Index (KI) = -7.3
Lifted Index (LI) = 24.0
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 108.7
Showalter Index (ShI) = 23.1
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 20.2
Precipitable Water (PW) = 5.7 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = -160 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 279 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -531 J/kg
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 313 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 354 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
================================================================================
UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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