================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2020298 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS=147
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 992.0 7.0 4.5 275.0 9.9 221.0 280.8 5.331
SIGT 988.0 6.6 2.6 278.0 10.4 254.2 280.7 4.676
SIGT 976.0 5.6 1.6 287.0 12.0 354.5 280.7 4.405
SIGW 946.0 3.2 1.4 310.0 15.9 609.0 280.8 4.469
SIGT 938.0 2.6 1.3 313.8 15.9 678.0 280.9 4.486
MAND 925.0 1.8 0.2 320.0 15.9 790.9 281.2 4.200
SIGT 912.0 0.8 -0.2 320.0 15.0 905.0 281.3 4.137
SIGW 911.0 0.7 -0.3 320.0 15.0 914.0 281.3 4.125
SIGW 876.9 -1.4 -2.1 320.0 12.8 1219.0 282.1 3.737
SIGT 870.0 -1.9 -2.5 314.9 14.1 1282.5 282.3 3.660
SIGT 860.0 -2.3 -5.1 307.5 16.0 1374.5 282.8 3.043
MAND 850.0 -1.9 -6.4 300.0 17.9 1467.5 284.2 2.787
SIGT 824.0 -0.1 -3.5 279.4 24.0 1715.7 288.6 3.586
SIGT 818.0 -0.1 -4.4 274.5 25.5 1774.3 289.2 3.375
SIGW 812.5 0.4 -2.4 270.0 26.8 1829.0 290.3 3.952
SIGT 810.0 0.6 -1.5 270.0 27.7 1853.3 290.8 4.236
SIGT 805.0 0.6 -3.4 270.0 29.5 1903.0 291.3 3.699
SIGT 801.0 0.6 -8.4 270.0 30.9 1943.1 291.7 2.532
SIGT 797.0 1.4 -16.6 270.0 32.4 1983.3 293.0 1.309
SIGT 791.0 2.6 -19.4 270.0 34.6 2044.3 294.9 1.040
SIGT 785.0 3.0 -22.0 270.0 36.9 2105.9 296.0 0.836
SIGW 782.3 3.1 -20.5 270.0 37.9 2134.0 296.4 0.953
SIGT 775.0 3.4 -16.6 267.5 38.9 2209.8 297.5 1.346
SIGT 769.0 3.4 -8.6 265.4 39.7 2272.8 298.1 2.597
SIGW 753.4 2.5 -9.5 260.0 42.0 2439.0 299.0 2.476
SIGT 751.0 2.4 -9.6 259.6 42.6 2464.7 299.1 2.458
SIGT 744.0 2.4 -5.6 258.3 44.3 2540.5 299.9 3.388
SIGW 725.5 0.7 -4.3 255.0 49.0 2743.0 300.2 3.837
SIGT 720.0 0.2 -3.9 255.0 48.3 2804.7 300.3 3.985
SIGT 719.0 0.4 -4.6 255.0 48.2 2815.9 300.6 3.785
SIGT 714.0 1.6 -12.4 255.0 47.6 2872.1 302.5 2.066
SIGT 711.0 2.0 -19.0 255.0 47.2 2906.0 303.4 1.198
MAND 700.0 1.2 -24.8 255.0 45.8 3031.6 303.8 0.731
SIGT 692.0 0.6 -44.4 255.0 46.1 3123.9 304.2 0.106
SIGT 681.0 -0.3 -49.3 255.0 46.5 3252.3 304.6 0.064
SIGT 664.0 1.2 -47.8 255.0 47.2 3454.9 308.4 0.076
SIGW 647.4 0.4 -48.6 255.0 47.8 3658.0 309.8 0.072
SIGT 643.0 0.2 -48.8 254.1 47.9 3712.8 310.2 0.071
SIGW 599.5 -3.9 -36.7 245.0 49.0 4268.0 311.7 0.275
SIGT 587.0 -5.1 -33.1 246.4 50.6 4435.7 312.2 0.402
SIGT 575.0 -5.1 -32.1 247.7 52.1 4597.9 314.0 0.452
SIGT 558.0 -6.7 -31.7 249.6 54.3 4833.0 314.8 0.484
SIGW 554.8 -7.1 -31.0 250.0 54.8 4878.0 314.9 0.519
SIGT 531.0 -9.9 -25.9 250.0 54.8 5218.1 315.5 0.873
SIGT 515.0 -11.9 -31.9 250.0 54.8 5453.3 315.9 0.514
SIGT 503.0 -13.1 -25.1 250.0 54.8 5633.4 316.5 0.991
MAND 500.0 -13.5 -25.5 250.0 54.8 5679.0 316.6 0.961
SIGW 472.9 -16.6 -30.1 245.0 58.9 6097.0 317.9 0.666
SIGT 431.0 -21.7 -37.7 247.8 63.3 6791.4 319.9 0.347
SIGT 416.0 -23.7 -34.7 248.8 65.0 7051.4 320.6 0.485
MAND 400.0 -26.1 -40.1 250.0 66.8 7336.8 321.1 0.291
SIGT 394.0 -27.1 -41.1 251.9 69.5 7446.0 321.2 0.266
SIGW 384.5 -28.2 -43.4 255.0 73.8 7621.0 322.0 0.214
SIGT 355.0 -31.7 -50.7 251.3 73.5 8190.5 324.7 0.107
SIGT 327.0 -37.1 -46.1 247.5 73.1 8765.3 325.0 0.186
SIGT 324.0 -37.5 -45.5 247.1 73.0 8829.0 325.3 0.201
SIGT 314.0 -39.3 -51.3 245.7 72.9 9044.7 325.7 0.115
SIGW 309.4 -40.1 -52.1 245.0 72.8 9146.0 326.0 0.108
MAND 300.0 -41.7 -53.7 245.0 73.8 9355.6 326.6 0.093
SIGT 290.0 -43.5 -55.5 245.9 74.8 9584.6 327.2 0.078
SIGT 270.0 -47.7 -56.7 247.9 76.8 10061.1 327.9 0.075
MAND 250.0 -52.1 -61.1 250.0 78.9 10564.6 328.6 0.050
SIGT 243.0 -53.9 -62.9 250.0 80.2 10747.8 328.6 0.044
SIGT 236.0 -55.1 -63.1 250.0 81.5 10935.0 329.6 0.044
SIGT 231.0 -55.5 -65.5 250.0 82.4 11071.7 331.0 -----
SIGT 219.0 -58.3 -70.3 250.0 84.8 11409.8 331.7 -----
MAND 200.0 -63.1 -72.1 250.0 88.8 11974.7 332.9 -----
TRO1 198.0 -63.5 -71.5 250.0 88.8 12036.5 333.2 -----
SIGW 193.0 -63.2 -71.2 255.0 93.8 12195.0 336.2 -----
SIGT 192.0 -63.1 -71.1 255.0 93.8 12225.7 336.8 -----
MAXW 191.0 -63.0 -71.7 255.0 93.8 12257.9 337.5 -----
SIGT 185.0 -62.1 -75.1 253.7 90.2 12454.8 342.0 -----
SIGT 170.0 -63.3 -83.3 250.1 80.5 12976.3 348.4 -----
SIGT 161.0 -60.1 -83.6 247.8 74.3 13313.3 359.2 -----
SIGT 152.0 -59.3 -83.8 245.3 67.7 13673.1 366.5 -----
SIGW 150.9 -59.3 -84.5 245.0 66.8 13719.0 367.3 -----
MAND 150.0 -59.3 -84.8 245.0 66.8 13756.1 367.9 -----
SIGT 145.0 -59.7 -85.0 233.1 72.4 13968.3 370.8 -----
SIGW 143.7 -60.1 -85.0 230.0 73.8 14024.0 371.1 -----
SIGT 131.0 -64.1 -85.0 242.5 72.6 14596.8 373.9 -----
SIGT 127.0 -63.7 -85.0 246.7 72.2 14786.9 377.9 -----
SIGT 126.0 -62.7 -85.0 247.7 72.1 14835.6 380.6 -----
SIGW 123.9 -62.3 -85.1 250.0 71.9 14939.0 383.2 -----
SIGT 123.0 -62.1 -85.1 248.5 70.2 14984.4 384.3 -----
SIGT 118.0 -63.5 -85.1 240.1 60.9 15240.1 386.3 -----
SIGW 117.9 -63.5 -85.1 240.0 60.8 15243.0 386.4 -----
SIGT 115.0 -62.5 -85.1 241.3 64.9 15398.7 391.0 -----
SIGT 113.0 -62.9 -85.1 242.2 67.8 15506.9 392.3 -----
SIGT 108.0 -62.5 -85.1 244.5 75.2 15786.0 398.1 -----
SIGW 106.8 -63.0 -85.1 245.0 76.9 15853.0 398.5 -----
SIGT 105.0 -63.7 -85.1 245.0 74.0 15959.4 399.1 -----
SIGT 103.0 -62.9 -85.1 245.0 70.8 16077.6 402.8 -----
MAND 100.0 -63.7 -85.1 245.0 65.9 16259.4 404.7 -----
SIGT 95.1 -61.7 -85.1 248.0 64.7 16569.2 414.4 -----
SIGW 92.1 -62.2 -85.1 250.0 63.9 16768.0 417.4 -----
SIGT 90.0 -62.5 -85.1 250.0 57.6 16910.0 419.4 -----
SIGT 86.9 -60.1 -85.1 250.0 48.0 17127.6 428.5 -----
SIGW 83.4 -61.9 -85.1 250.0 36.9 17378.0 429.8 -----
SIGT 78.7 -64.5 -85.1 246.0 38.4 17740.0 431.7 -----
SIGT 75.9 -62.7 -85.1 243.6 39.4 17962.4 440.0 -----
SIGT 72.2 -65.1 -85.1 240.3 40.7 18268.8 441.2 -----
SIGW 71.9 -65.1 -85.1 240.0 40.8 18292.0 441.8 -----
MAND 70.0 -64.7 -85.1 235.0 38.9 18457.7 446.0 -----
SIGW 68.4 -65.0 -85.1 235.0 39.8 18597.0 448.2 -----
SIGW 65.1 -65.8 -85.1 250.0 44.9 18902.0 453.0 -----
SIGT 64.7 -65.9 -85.1 250.9 44.5 18937.2 453.5 -----
SIGT 62.0 -62.5 -85.1 257.3 41.5 19198.2 466.6 -----
SIGT 59.1 -61.5 -85.1 264.6 38.1 19494.5 475.3 -----
SIGW 58.9 -61.2 -85.1 265.0 37.9 19512.0 476.3 -----
SIGT 56.9 -57.7 -85.1 247.0 34.2 19731.9 489.1 -----
SIGW 56.1 -58.1 -85.1 240.0 32.8 19817.0 490.1 -----
SIGT 54.7 -58.9 -85.1 234.6 35.5 19980.2 491.9 -----
SIGW 53.5 -58.7 -85.1 230.0 37.9 20121.0 495.5 -----
MAND 50.0 -58.1 -85.1 250.0 49.9 20545.2 506.6 -----
SIGT 48.7 -56.7 -85.1 250.0 49.1 20711.8 513.7 -----
SIGW 48.6 -56.7 -85.1 250.0 49.0 20731.0 514.1 -----
SIGW 46.3 -57.1 -85.1 245.0 49.9 21036.0 520.5 -----
SIGT 44.7 -57.3 -85.1 252.2 43.4 21254.6 525.0 -----
SIGW 44.1 -57.0 -85.1 255.0 40.8 21341.0 527.8 -----
SIGT 41.2 -55.5 -85.1 269.1 35.8 21772.4 541.9 -----
SIGT 40.2 -56.7 -85.1 274.3 34.1 21928.7 542.7 -----
SIGW 40.1 -56.6 -85.1 275.0 33.8 21951.0 543.5 -----
SIGT 37.1 -54.5 -85.1 242.9 37.1 22440.2 561.0 -----
SIGW 36.4 -54.8 -85.1 235.0 37.9 22560.0 563.3 -----
SIGT 33.2 -56.1 -85.1 235.0 30.2 23149.2 574.8 -----
SIGW 33.1 -56.2 -85.1 235.0 29.9 23170.0 575.0 -----
SIGT 31.3 -58.5 -85.1 240.8 36.2 23521.9 578.1 -----
SIGT 30.6 -56.1 -85.1 243.1 38.7 23665.0 588.4 -----
SIGW 30.1 -55.7 -85.1 245.0 40.8 23780.0 592.4 -----
MAND 30.0 -55.7 -85.1 240.0 40.8 23791.0 592.8 -----
SIGT 28.0 -55.9 -85.1 258.3 48.9 24230.4 604.1 -----
SIGT 27.7 -54.3 -85.1 261.2 50.2 24299.3 610.4 -----
SIGW 27.3 -53.9 -85.1 265.0 51.9 24390.0 614.1 -----
SIGT 26.0 -52.3 -85.1 261.5 43.2 24707.3 627.2 -----
SIGT 24.1 -51.1 -85.1 256.1 29.7 25199.7 644.5 -----
SIGW 23.7 -51.3 -85.0 255.0 26.8 25304.0 646.8 -----
MAND 20.0 -53.9 -84.9 250.0 37.9 26405.3 671.2 -----
SIGT 18.9 -52.5 -84.9 248.2 40.7 26769.9 686.5 -----
SIGW 17.0 -53.5 -84.4 245.0 45.8 27439.0 704.1 -----
SIGT 15.9 -54.1 -84.2 247.6 49.6 27883.3 716.1 -----
SIGT 15.4 -52.7 -84.1 248.8 51.3 28089.1 727.3 -----
SIGT 14.5 -53.7 -84.1 251.0 54.5 28477.2 736.6 -----
SIGT 12.4 -50.1 -84.1 256.9 63.0 29491.4 782.9 -----
SIGT 10.9 -50.1 -84.1 261.8 70.1 30334.1 812.3 -----
MAND 10.0 -51.5 -84.5 265.0 74.8 30895.6 827.3 -----
SIGT 8.0 -51.5 -84.5 ----- ----- 32344.8 881.9 -----
SIGT 7.2 -50.5 -84.5 ----- ----- 33030.6 912.9 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 24 Oct 2020298
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 0.9 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 281.0 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 292.3 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 4.3 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 912 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 0.5 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 912 mb
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 9.9 C
K Index (KI) = -20.8
Lifted Index (LI) = 21.0
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 90.6
Showalter Index (ShI) = 21.4
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 18.7
Precipitable Water (PW) = 11.2 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = -151 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 295 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 12 J/kg
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 326 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 309 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
================================================================================
UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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