================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2020263 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS=146 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 1003.0 3.0 1.8 85.0 2.9 221.0 275.9 4.348 MAND 1000.0 4.4 1.4 70.0 4.9 245.4 277.6 4.237 SIGT 995.0 6.6 1.6 67.7 6.0 286.4 280.2 4.320 SIGT 983.0 7.8 -1.2 62.2 8.8 386.3 282.3 3.565 SIGW 956.6 5.9 -1.7 50.0 15.0 609.0 282.6 3.521 MAND 925.0 3.6 -2.4 45.0 11.8 884.3 283.0 3.467 SIGW 921.6 3.4 -2.5 45.0 11.8 914.0 283.0 3.457 SIGW 887.4 0.8 -3.4 30.0 8.0 1219.0 283.5 3.364 SIGT 863.0 -1.1 -4.0 0.6 6.4 1443.2 283.8 3.296 SIGW 854.3 -1.8 -4.5 350.0 5.8 1524.0 283.9 3.198 MAND 850.0 -2.1 -4.8 335.0 8.0 1564.2 284.0 3.150 SIGT 841.0 -2.7 -6.3 335.0 10.8 1648.8 284.2 2.839 SIGT 837.0 -2.7 -8.7 335.0 12.1 1686.7 284.6 2.367 SIGT 832.0 -1.1 -25.1 335.0 13.7 1734.4 286.8 0.599 SIGT 830.0 -0.7 -37.7 335.0 14.4 1753.6 287.4 0.180 SIGW 822.2 -0.5 -42.4 335.0 16.9 1829.0 288.3 0.111 SIGT 811.0 -0.3 -49.3 335.0 16.9 1938.6 289.7 0.053 SIGT 797.0 -1.5 -19.5 335.0 16.9 2077.5 289.9 1.023 SIGW 791.4 -1.9 -20.9 335.0 16.9 2134.0 290.0 0.914 SIGT 780.0 -2.7 -23.7 331.2 18.8 2248.9 290.4 0.724 SIGT 773.0 -3.3 -16.3 328.9 20.0 2320.3 290.5 1.384 SIGW 761.5 -4.1 -17.1 325.0 22.0 2439.0 290.9 1.318 SIGT 758.0 -4.3 -17.3 323.8 21.8 2475.0 291.0 1.298 SIGT 753.0 -4.5 -22.5 322.1 21.7 2527.2 291.4 0.834 SIGT 749.0 -4.7 -19.7 320.7 21.5 2569.1 291.6 1.070 SIGT 738.0 -4.7 -21.7 316.9 21.2 2685.6 292.8 0.913 SIGW 732.6 -4.2 -28.5 315.0 21.0 2743.0 294.0 0.497 SIGT 730.0 -3.9 -31.9 313.6 21.2 2771.5 294.6 0.363 SIGT 706.0 -3.1 -35.1 300.6 22.8 3035.6 298.3 0.275 SIGW 704.9 -3.1 -34.2 300.0 22.9 3048.0 298.4 0.300 MAND 700.0 -3.3 -30.3 300.0 22.9 3103.2 298.8 0.440 SIGT 667.0 -5.9 -31.9 293.1 27.7 3483.3 300.1 0.397 SIGW 652.3 -5.7 -46.4 290.0 29.9 3658.0 302.2 0.090 SIGT 648.0 -5.7 -50.7 290.0 30.6 3709.7 302.8 0.059 SIGW 602.7 -10.0 -47.7 290.0 37.9 4268.0 304.2 0.085 SIGW 556.8 -14.6 -44.5 290.0 40.8 4878.0 305.7 0.131 SIGT 552.0 -15.1 -44.1 287.8 41.7 4944.2 305.9 0.137 SIGT 538.0 -16.5 -32.5 281.4 44.3 5138.0 306.4 0.465 SIGW 534.9 -16.8 -38.6 280.0 44.9 5182.0 306.6 0.256 SIGT 532.0 -17.1 -44.1 281.2 45.2 5222.2 306.7 0.143 SIGT 530.0 -17.3 -39.3 282.0 45.4 5250.5 306.8 0.239 SIGT 525.0 -17.7 -28.7 284.2 46.0 5321.5 307.2 0.683 SIGT 508.0 -19.5 -27.5 291.5 48.0 5567.1 307.9 0.788 SIGT 504.0 -19.3 -34.3 293.2 48.5 5625.9 308.8 0.416 MAND 500.0 -19.7 -30.7 295.0 49.0 5685.1 309.0 0.594 SIGT 495.0 -19.7 -32.7 295.0 50.6 5759.8 309.9 0.495 SIGT 477.0 -22.1 -32.1 295.0 56.5 6033.7 310.3 0.545 SIGT 473.0 -22.1 -38.1 295.0 57.9 6095.6 311.0 0.303 SIGW 472.9 -22.1 -38.1 295.0 57.9 6097.0 311.0 0.304 SIGT 468.0 -22.5 -37.5 294.7 58.1 6173.8 311.5 0.326 SIGT 461.0 -22.9 -43.9 294.2 58.5 6284.4 312.3 0.168 SIGT 439.0 -25.1 -50.1 292.8 59.6 6641.4 313.9 0.091 MAND 400.0 -30.9 -47.9 290.0 61.8 7309.7 314.8 0.125 SIGT 393.0 -31.9 -46.9 290.0 61.4 7434.8 315.1 0.142 SIGW 382.7 -33.6 -48.6 290.0 60.8 7621.0 315.3 0.121 SIGT 366.0 -36.5 -51.5 287.4 61.8 7933.2 315.5 0.097 SIGT 329.0 -42.3 -56.3 281.5 64.3 8663.1 317.3 0.064 SIGW 320.4 -43.4 -57.9 280.0 64.9 8841.0 318.2 0.056 SIGT 313.0 -44.3 -59.3 277.4 70.0 8998.9 319.0 0.049 SIGW 306.2 -44.5 -61.6 275.0 74.8 9146.0 320.8 0.039 MAND 300.0 -44.7 -63.7 270.0 79.8 9283.1 322.4 ----- SIGT 296.0 -45.1 -65.1 269.2 80.9 9372.9 323.0 ----- SIGT 290.0 -44.5 -66.5 267.9 82.6 9509.9 325.8 ----- SIGT 278.0 -46.3 -67.3 265.3 86.0 9791.9 327.2 ----- SIGT 270.0 -46.1 -70.1 263.5 88.3 9986.1 330.2 ----- SIGW 255.0 -48.2 -72.2 260.0 92.9 10365.0 332.6 ----- MAND 250.0 -48.9 -72.9 260.0 92.9 10495.0 333.4 ----- SIGT 248.0 -48.9 -73.9 260.0 92.4 10547.7 334.1 ----- SIGT 240.0 -50.9 -73.9 260.0 90.5 10762.2 334.3 ----- SIGT 231.0 -49.9 -76.9 260.0 88.3 11011.7 339.5 ----- SIGW 221.7 -51.4 -81.4 260.0 85.9 11280.0 341.2 ----- TRO1 215.0 -52.5 -83.3 260.0 89.7 11478.5 342.5 ----- SIGT 210.0 -51.7 -84.7 260.0 92.7 11630.9 346.1 ----- MAND 200.0 -52.9 -84.8 260.0 98.9 11946.7 349.0 ----- MAXW 193.0 -52.9 -84.9 260.0 99.8 12176.6 352.6 ----- SIGT 188.0 -52.9 -84.9 260.0 94.7 12346.0 355.2 ----- SIGT 184.0 -53.7 -84.9 260.0 90.5 12484.5 356.1 ----- SIGT 180.0 -52.9 -84.9 260.0 86.2 12626.1 359.7 ----- SIGW 175.1 -54.1 -84.9 260.0 80.8 12804.0 360.6 ----- SIGT 171.0 -55.1 -84.9 262.5 86.8 12955.5 361.4 ----- SIGT 169.0 -54.1 -84.9 263.7 89.8 13030.8 364.2 ----- SIGW 167.0 -54.4 -84.9 265.0 92.9 13109.0 365.1 ----- SIGT 166.0 -54.5 -84.9 265.0 91.4 13145.7 365.4 ----- SIGT 154.0 -53.1 -84.9 265.0 72.4 13627.9 375.8 ----- SIGW 151.8 -53.2 -84.9 265.0 68.8 13719.0 377.1 ----- MAND 150.0 -53.3 -84.9 265.0 69.9 13797.6 378.3 ----- SIGT 146.0 -53.3 -84.9 266.0 71.6 13971.7 381.2 ----- SIGT 141.0 -55.3 -84.9 267.4 73.7 14195.1 381.5 ----- SIGW 131.6 -56.2 -84.9 270.0 77.9 14634.0 387.5 ----- SIGT 127.0 -56.7 -84.9 265.7 70.2 14860.5 390.6 ----- TRO2 121.0 -58.7 -84.9 260.0 59.8 15166.0 392.3 ----- SIGW 119.5 -58.4 -84.9 260.0 58.9 15243.0 394.2 ----- SIGT 110.0 -56.7 -84.9 255.3 58.0 15767.7 406.9 ----- SIGT 104.0 -58.3 -84.9 252.2 57.3 16122.1 410.5 ----- MAND 100.0 -57.7 -84.9 250.0 56.9 16369.4 416.3 ----- SIGT 81.1 -59.7 -84.9 256.8 50.0 17685.8 437.9 ----- SIGW 73.6 -58.4 -84.9 260.0 46.8 18292.0 452.9 ----- MAND 70.0 -57.7 -84.9 255.0 42.9 18610.6 461.0 ----- SIGT 66.6 -57.7 -84.9 260.3 41.3 18925.0 467.6 ----- SIGW 63.7 -55.8 -84.9 265.0 39.8 19207.0 477.6 ----- SIGT 61.4 -54.3 -84.9 261.1 27.5 19442.2 486.1 ----- SIGW 60.7 -54.3 -84.9 260.0 23.9 19512.0 487.6 ----- SIGW 57.9 -54.4 -84.9 265.0 25.8 19817.0 494.1 ----- SIGT 54.2 -54.5 -84.9 247.6 34.2 20241.7 503.3 ----- SIGW 52.7 -55.6 -84.9 240.0 37.9 20426.0 505.0 ----- SIGT 51.6 -56.3 -84.9 245.9 35.1 20555.3 506.2 ----- MAND 50.0 -54.9 -84.9 255.0 30.9 20756.1 514.1 ----- SIGW 47.9 -55.5 -84.9 265.0 22.0 21036.0 519.2 ----- SIGT 46.4 -55.9 -84.9 258.5 25.1 21232.9 522.8 ----- SIGW 45.6 -55.4 -84.9 255.0 26.8 21341.0 526.6 ----- SIGW 43.5 -53.9 -84.9 245.0 25.8 21646.0 537.4 ----- SIGW 41.5 -52.4 -84.9 260.0 28.9 21951.0 548.4 ----- SIGT 39.5 -50.9 -84.9 263.5 27.2 22269.6 560.1 ----- SIGW 36.0 -52.5 -85.1 270.0 23.9 22865.0 570.9 ----- SIGT 36.0 -52.5 -85.1 270.3 23.6 22871.6 571.0 ----- SIGT 35.4 -51.1 -85.1 275.7 19.0 22980.6 577.4 ----- SIGW 34.4 -51.1 -84.9 285.0 10.9 23170.0 582.1 ----- SIGW 32.8 -51.2 -84.6 255.0 10.9 23475.0 589.7 ----- SIGT 31.5 -51.3 -84.3 232.3 11.3 23739.7 596.4 ----- SIGT 30.7 -50.1 -84.1 217.9 11.6 23907.4 604.1 ----- MAND 30.0 -50.5 -84.5 205.0 11.8 24058.0 607.0 ----- SIGW 28.5 -50.7 -84.1 200.0 14.0 24390.0 615.2 ----- SIGW 26.0 -51.2 -83.5 185.0 11.8 25000.0 630.7 ----- SIGT 25.3 -51.3 -83.3 193.3 11.3 25167.6 635.0 ----- SIGT 23.8 -49.3 -83.3 212.9 10.0 25566.7 652.0 ----- SIGW 23.6 -49.5 -83.4 215.0 9.9 25609.0 652.8 ----- SIGW 22.6 -50.5 -84.1 150.0 11.8 25914.0 658.4 ----- SIGW 21.5 -51.6 -84.7 215.0 12.8 26219.0 663.9 ----- SIGT 21.3 -51.9 -84.9 211.5 13.5 26290.4 665.3 ----- SIGW 20.5 -50.9 -84.4 200.0 15.9 26524.0 675.2 ----- MAND 20.0 -50.1 -84.1 210.0 15.0 26700.3 682.9 ----- SIGW 17.9 -47.7 -82.5 265.0 11.8 27439.0 712.8 ----- SIGT 17.4 -47.1 -82.1 288.4 6.1 27616.6 720.2 ----- SIGW 17.1 -47.5 -82.3 305.0 1.9 27743.0 722.8 ----- SIGT 15.9 -49.1 -83.1 317.8 8.6 28211.1 732.4 ----- SIGW 14.9 -48.2 -82.2 330.0 15.0 28658.0 749.7 ----- SIGT 14.7 -48.1 -82.1 336.8 14.3 28727.4 752.4 ----- SIGW 14.2 -48.7 -82.7 360.0 11.8 28963.0 758.3 ----- SIGT 13.6 -49.3 -83.3 346.4 21.9 29238.9 765.2 ----- SIGW 13.5 -49.3 -83.3 345.0 22.9 29268.0 766.3 ----- SIGW 11.8 -48.3 -82.9 5.0 12.8 30182.0 800.6 ----- SIGT 10.4 -47.5 -82.5 24.0 18.1 31005.6 832.9 ----- MAND 10.0 -45.5 -80.5 30.0 19.8 31266.1 849.7 ----- SIGT 8.5 -45.5 -80.5 ----- ----- 32350.1 890.2 ----- SIGT 8.0 -47.3 -82.3 ----- ----- 32752.9 898.6 ----- SIGT 7.0 -45.9 -80.9 ----- ----- 33639.3 939.3 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 19 Sep 2020263 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -1.5 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 282.2 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 291.7 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 3.6 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 860 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -2.8 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 860 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 12.4 C K Index (KI) = -14.2 Lifted Index (LI) = 15.2 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 64.9 Showalter Index (ShI) = 14.8 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 32.5 Precipitable Water (PW) = 7.5 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -185 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 295 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 321 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 306 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done