================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018055 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=104 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 992.0 7.2 7.2 250.0 15.9 221.0 281.0 6.439 SIGT 974.0 6.2 6.1 255.8 25.2 371.7 281.5 6.076 SIGT 962.0 8.2 8.0 259.8 31.5 474.0 284.5 7.019 SIGW 946.5 8.7 8.7 265.0 39.8 609.0 286.3 7.482 SIGT 944.0 8.8 8.8 263.9 40.9 630.5 286.6 7.559 MAND 925.0 8.4 8.1 255.0 49.0 799.2 287.9 7.354 SIGW 912.2 8.2 7.9 255.0 50.9 914.0 288.8 7.339 SIGW 879.2 7.5 7.2 250.0 56.9 1219.0 291.2 7.299 SIGT 851.0 7.0 6.7 250.0 54.9 1488.4 293.4 7.262 MAND 850.0 7.0 6.7 250.0 54.8 1498.1 293.5 7.271 SIGT 793.0 3.8 3.7 259.1 55.5 2066.9 296.0 6.314 SIGT 786.0 3.0 2.6 260.2 55.6 2139.1 295.8 5.889 SIGT 771.0 1.2 -10.8 262.7 55.8 2294.8 295.5 2.176 SIGT 762.0 -0.1 -15.1 264.2 55.9 2389.1 295.1 1.552 SIGW 757.3 0.1 -14.3 265.0 55.9 2439.0 295.8 1.673 SIGT 748.0 0.4 -12.6 265.0 57.2 2537.8 297.2 1.941 SIGT 740.0 1.4 -20.6 265.0 58.3 2624.2 299.3 1.002 SIGW 729.2 1.9 -24.6 265.0 59.8 2743.0 301.1 0.717 SIGT 728.0 2.0 -25.0 265.0 60.0 2755.9 301.3 0.690 MAND 700.0 0.6 -32.4 265.0 62.9 3071.4 303.2 0.361 SIGT 698.0 0.4 -32.6 265.0 62.8 3094.4 303.2 0.355 SIGT 684.0 1.2 -40.8 265.0 61.6 3257.0 305.8 0.158 SIGW 650.4 -1.8 -47.8 265.0 58.9 3658.0 306.9 0.078 SIGT 626.0 -4.1 -53.1 260.0 58.9 3962.5 307.6 0.048 SIGW 602.1 -5.7 -41.4 255.0 58.9 4268.0 309.2 0.169 SIGT 594.0 -6.3 -37.3 255.9 58.7 4374.5 309.7 0.262 SIGT 584.0 -7.5 -23.5 257.0 58.5 4507.0 309.8 0.985 SIGW 556.4 -10.7 -25.1 260.0 57.9 4878.0 310.4 0.892 SIGT 516.0 -15.7 -27.7 270.6 62.8 5456.2 311.1 0.762 SIGT 504.0 -17.3 -26.3 273.9 64.4 5633.3 311.2 0.887 MAND 500.0 -17.5 -25.5 275.0 64.9 5693.0 311.7 0.961 SIGW 493.4 -17.5 -24.9 280.0 69.9 5792.0 312.9 1.025 SIGW 473.8 -17.6 -23.2 270.0 73.8 6097.0 316.4 1.249 SIGT 463.0 -17.7 -22.2 267.3 75.3 6269.1 318.4 1.394 SIGT 431.0 -20.9 -24.6 258.7 80.1 6802.2 320.9 1.210 MAND 400.0 -25.3 -28.5 250.0 84.9 7349.5 322.1 0.913 SIGW 385.2 -27.5 -30.2 250.0 89.7 7621.0 322.7 0.811 SIGT 372.0 -29.5 -31.7 250.8 90.7 7872.3 323.3 0.726 SIGT 359.0 -31.3 -34.5 251.7 91.7 8125.4 324.2 0.573 SIGT 324.0 -36.9 -38.5 254.0 94.6 8844.2 326.1 0.425 SIGW 310.1 -39.1 -43.2 255.0 95.8 9146.0 327.1 0.269 SIGT 309.0 -39.3 -43.6 255.0 95.9 9170.7 327.2 0.259 MAND 300.0 -40.7 -44.5 255.0 96.7 9372.7 328.0 0.242 SIGT 272.0 -46.7 -52.7 255.0 100.0 10031.5 328.6 0.115 SIGT 257.0 -49.9 -54.9 255.0 101.9 10405.2 329.3 0.093 MAND 250.0 -51.5 -55.3 255.0 102.8 10585.2 329.5 0.092 SIGT 232.0 -55.7 -63.7 259.5 109.0 11066.0 330.3 ----- SIGT 225.0 -57.7 -65.7 261.3 111.5 11260.3 330.1 ----- TRO1 211.0 -60.3 -66.3 265.0 116.7 11663.4 332.2 ----- SIGT 205.0 -60.3 -66.3 265.0 114.7 11843.3 334.9 ----- MAND 200.0 -58.1 -66.1 265.0 112.9 11998.1 340.8 ----- SIGT 197.0 -57.7 -66.7 264.7 113.3 12093.4 342.9 ----- SIGT 193.0 -54.9 -66.9 264.3 113.9 12223.8 349.4 ----- SIGT 187.0 -55.1 -71.1 263.8 114.8 12425.6 352.2 ----- SIGT 180.0 -53.1 -73.1 263.0 116.0 12670.5 359.4 ----- SIGT 174.0 -54.3 -77.3 262.4 117.0 12888.5 360.9 ----- SIGT 164.0 -54.9 -84.9 261.3 118.7 13267.5 366.0 ----- SIGW 152.8 -57.3 -84.7 260.0 120.8 13719.0 369.4 ----- SIGT 152.0 -57.5 -84.7 260.0 120.8 13750.6 369.6 ----- MAND 150.0 -57.5 -84.7 260.0 120.8 13834.3 371.0 ----- MAXW 149.0 -57.5 -84.7 260.0 120.8 13876.5 371.7 ----- SIGT 144.0 -57.7 -84.7 260.9 118.7 14092.1 375.0 ----- SIGT 134.0 -60.1 -84.8 262.7 114.3 14543.9 378.6 ----- SIGT 121.0 -65.1 -84.8 265.3 108.1 15173.5 380.6 ----- SIGT 116.0 -66.1 -84.9 266.3 105.6 15430.2 383.4 ----- SIGT 115.0 -65.5 -84.9 266.5 105.1 15482.8 385.5 ----- SIGT 112.0 -66.3 -84.9 267.2 103.5 15643.3 386.9 ----- SIGT 107.0 -65.7 -85.0 268.3 100.8 15920.5 393.1 ----- MAND 100.0 -66.7 -85.0 270.0 96.7 16330.8 398.9 ----- SIGT 87.5 -70.7 -85.0 268.1 92.3 17130.7 406.4 ----- SIGT 85.6 -69.3 -85.0 267.8 91.6 17261.4 411.8 ----- SIGT 81.9 -70.7 -85.0 267.2 90.1 17524.4 414.1 ----- SIGT 76.0 -70.3 -85.0 266.2 87.6 17968.4 423.9 ----- SIGT 74.0 -67.9 -85.1 265.8 86.7 18127.8 432.2 ----- SIGT 71.3 -68.7 -85.1 265.3 85.5 18350.9 435.1 ----- SIGT 70.3 -66.3 -85.1 265.1 85.0 18436.0 442.0 ----- MAND 70.0 -66.1 -85.1 265.0 84.9 18462.0 443.0 ----- SIGT 68.1 -65.5 -85.1 263.0 81.5 18629.2 447.8 ----- SIGT 65.9 -61.9 -85.1 260.6 77.5 18830.7 459.8 ----- SIGT 58.5 -57.1 -85.1 251.7 62.6 19576.4 486.6 ----- SIGT 51.0 -61.1 -84.8 241.5 45.4 20436.9 496.7 ----- MAND 50.0 -60.1 -84.6 240.0 42.9 20560.2 501.9 ----- SIGT 48.9 -60.5 -84.4 238.3 42.5 20699.0 504.1 ----- SIGT 47.7 -57.9 -84.3 236.4 41.9 20854.7 513.9 ----- SIGT 45.3 -56.5 -84.2 232.3 40.8 21181.4 525.0 ----- SIGT 42.6 -59.1 -84.0 227.6 39.5 21569.1 527.9 ----- SIGT 41.8 -57.3 -84.0 226.1 39.1 21688.5 535.2 ----- SIGT 37.2 -55.5 -83.9 217.0 36.6 22429.0 558.0 ----- SIGT 35.3 -52.9 -83.8 212.8 35.4 22765.3 573.2 ----- SIGT 33.1 -55.7 -83.8 207.7 34.0 23178.0 576.4 ----- MAND 30.0 -55.7 -83.7 200.0 31.9 23804.5 592.8 ----- SIGT 28.8 -56.1 -83.7 193.1 33.4 24064.4 598.7 ----- SIGT 24.8 -49.5 -83.5 167.5 39.3 25029.9 643.8 ----- SIGT 21.5 -48.3 -82.3 142.6 44.9 25968.1 674.3 ----- MAND 20.0 -48.9 -82.9 130.0 47.8 26444.0 686.5 ----- SIGT 18.1 -50.9 -84.9 124.2 50.0 27096.9 700.1 ----- SIGT 17.5 -49.5 -83.5 122.2 50.7 27317.2 711.3 ----- SIGT 13.6 -53.5 -83.7 107.7 56.2 28954.7 750.9 ----- SIGT 12.7 -53.5 -83.8 103.8 57.7 29395.3 765.7 ----- SIGT 12.3 -51.5 -84.5 101.9 58.4 29602.2 779.8 ----- SIGT 10.9 -52.9 -84.5 95.0 61.1 30384.5 802.1 ----- SIGT 10.7 -51.5 -84.5 93.9 61.5 30504.4 811.5 ----- MAND 10.0 -52.7 ----- 90.0 62.9 30942.7 822.9 ----- SIGT 8.3 -54.5 ----- ----- ----- 32141.3 860.8 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 24 Feb 2018055 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 7.7 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 286.0 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 304.2 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 7.0 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 939 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 7.7 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 939 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 18.5 C K Index (KI) = -1.8 Lifted Index (LI) = 8.5 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 255.1 Showalter Index (ShI) = 2.9 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 48.7 Precipitable Water (PW) = 18.5 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -29 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 311 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 9 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 328 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 309 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done