================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2019291 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=126
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 982.0 7.8 4.9 310.0 14.0 221.0 282.4 5.540
SIGT 977.0 7.6 4.7 310.5 15.4 263.1 282.6 5.491
SIGT 947.0 5.2 2.0 313.8 23.8 519.4 282.7 4.674
SIGW 936.6 4.3 1.7 315.0 26.8 609.0 282.7 4.631
MAND 925.0 3.2 1.4 315.0 26.8 711.0 282.6 4.583
SIGT 920.0 2.8 1.2 313.9 27.1 754.9 282.6 4.542
SIGW 902.0 1.9 0.5 310.0 28.0 914.0 283.3 4.388
SIGW 868.5 0.1 -1.0 315.0 30.9 1219.0 284.5 4.102
MAND 850.0 -0.9 -1.8 320.0 32.8 1392.2 285.2 3.947
SIGT 844.0 -1.1 -1.9 322.1 33.7 1448.8 285.6 3.945
SIGW 836.1 -1.1 -1.9 325.0 35.0 1524.0 286.4 3.988
SIGW 804.8 -0.9 -1.8 320.0 24.9 1829.0 289.7 4.163
SIGT 795.0 -0.9 -1.8 316.8 23.2 1926.9 290.7 4.222
SIGW 774.6 -1.6 -2.7 310.0 19.8 2134.0 292.2 4.044
SIGT 758.0 -2.1 -3.5 318.5 23.2 2307.2 293.4 3.900
SIGW 745.5 -2.9 -4.3 325.0 25.8 2439.0 293.9 3.746
SIGW 717.3 -4.9 -6.0 315.0 24.9 2743.0 295.0 3.410
MAND 700.0 -6.1 -7.1 320.0 24.9 2936.1 295.7 3.209
SIGW 663.5 -8.9 -9.5 310.0 24.9 3353.0 297.2 2.798
SIGT 651.0 -9.9 -10.4 312.4 27.8 3500.9 297.6 2.663
SIGT 640.0 -9.3 -11.2 314.6 30.4 3632.7 299.8 2.541
SIGW 637.9 -9.5 -11.9 315.0 30.9 3658.0 299.8 2.416
SIGT 603.0 -13.3 -23.3 318.5 35.2 4090.1 300.3 0.971
SIGT 595.0 -13.1 -21.1 319.4 36.2 4191.9 301.7 1.194
SIGW 589.1 -13.8 -25.2 320.0 36.9 4268.0 301.8 0.836
SIGT 583.0 -14.5 -29.5 320.6 37.2 4346.8 301.8 0.570
SIGT 574.0 -14.5 -24.5 321.6 37.5 4464.8 303.2 0.916
SIGT 567.0 -14.7 -24.7 322.4 37.8 4557.8 304.0 0.911
SIGT 563.0 -15.3 -27.3 322.8 38.0 4611.4 303.9 0.724
SIGT 554.0 -15.7 -25.7 323.8 38.4 4733.1 304.8 0.852
SIGW 543.4 -16.9 -37.4 325.0 38.9 4878.0 305.1 0.283
SIGT 543.0 -16.9 -37.9 325.1 38.9 4884.1 305.2 0.270
SIGT 540.0 -16.3 -45.3 326.1 39.2 4925.8 306.4 0.123
SIGT 526.0 -16.7 -50.7 330.9 40.5 5123.3 308.2 0.072
MAND 500.0 -18.7 -48.7 340.0 42.9 5502.8 310.3 0.092
SIGW 461.4 -21.5 -52.8 345.0 44.9 6097.0 314.0 0.067
SIGT 445.0 -22.7 -54.7 345.0 53.6 6364.8 315.7 0.055
SIGW 442.7 -23.0 -54.6 345.0 54.8 6402.0 315.8 0.056
MAND 400.0 -28.3 -52.3 345.0 49.9 7138.4 318.2 0.082
SIGW 373.5 -32.0 -54.8 345.0 49.9 7621.0 319.6 0.065
SIGT 336.0 -37.7 -58.7 340.1 49.9 8365.4 321.7 0.049
SIGT 310.0 -41.9 -54.9 336.5 49.9 8916.1 323.3 0.077
MAND 300.0 -43.7 -58.7 335.0 49.9 9137.4 323.8 0.055
SIGT 272.0 -48.7 -62.7 329.6 48.8 9789.0 325.7 0.040
SIGT 267.0 -48.1 -64.1 328.6 48.6 9911.2 328.3 -----
MAND 250.0 -50.5 -64.5 325.0 47.8 10342.7 331.0 -----
TRO1 242.0 -51.3 -67.3 325.0 44.9 10554.5 332.9 -----
SIGW 237.7 -50.5 -70.1 325.0 44.9 10670.0 335.9 -----
SIGT 235.0 -49.9 -71.9 325.0 46.8 10745.9 337.8 -----
SIGT 227.0 -50.1 -76.1 325.0 52.4 10972.3 340.9 -----
SIGT 217.0 -51.1 -79.1 325.0 59.8 11266.1 343.8 -----
SIGW 206.6 -50.8 -78.0 325.0 67.8 11585.0 349.1 -----
MAXW 206.0 -50.8 -77.9 325.0 67.8 11604.9 349.4 -----
SIGT 204.0 -50.7 -77.7 325.0 66.5 11668.4 350.5 -----
MAND 200.0 -50.9 -77.9 325.0 63.9 11797.4 352.2 -----
SIGT 186.0 -51.3 -77.3 321.4 63.1 12269.6 358.9 -----
SIGT 179.0 -52.7 -82.7 319.5 62.7 12518.2 360.6 -----
SIGW 163.3 -53.0 -82.3 315.0 61.8 13109.0 369.7 -----
SIGT 158.0 -53.1 -82.1 317.0 60.3 13323.5 373.0 -----
MAND 150.0 -55.1 -82.1 320.0 57.9 13657.0 375.2 -----
SIGT 144.0 -56.7 -82.7 323.9 53.2 13916.9 376.8 -----
SIGT 138.0 -56.5 -83.5 327.9 48.4 14187.0 381.7 -----
SIGT 136.0 -55.7 -83.7 329.3 46.7 14279.8 384.8 -----
SIGW 134.9 -55.9 -83.7 330.0 45.8 14329.0 385.2 -----
SIGT 126.0 -57.9 -83.7 322.9 42.1 14764.0 389.3 -----
SIGT 123.0 -57.5 -83.8 320.4 40.7 14916.1 392.7 -----
SIGT 120.0 -58.1 -83.8 317.8 39.4 15071.9 394.4 -----
SIGW 116.8 -57.6 -83.8 315.0 37.9 15243.0 398.3 -----
SIGT 112.0 -56.9 -83.9 311.0 35.2 15507.9 404.5 -----
SIGT 110.0 -57.7 -84.7 309.2 34.1 15621.8 405.1 -----
SIGT 105.0 -56.7 -84.7 304.7 31.1 15916.2 412.4 -----
MAND 100.0 -57.5 -84.5 300.0 28.0 16225.0 416.6 -----
SIGT 92.1 -58.3 -84.3 306.1 21.8 16744.1 425.0 -----
SIGW 87.4 -60.2 -83.7 310.0 17.9 17073.0 427.7 -----
SIGT 84.1 -61.5 -83.5 306.1 25.8 17311.9 429.7 -----
SIGW 83.2 -59.3 -83.4 305.0 28.0 17378.0 435.4 -----
SIGT 82.4 -57.3 -83.3 306.0 26.3 17439.8 440.8 -----
SIGW 79.3 -56.8 -82.8 310.0 19.8 17682.0 446.6 -----
SIGT 76.0 -56.3 -82.3 261.3 14.6 17952.3 453.2 -----
SIGW 75.6 -56.4 -82.5 255.0 14.0 17987.0 453.6 -----
SIGW 72.0 -57.7 -84.1 255.0 17.9 18292.0 457.1 -----
MAND 70.0 -58.5 -84.7 250.0 24.9 18472.2 459.3 -----
SIGT 68.7 -59.1 -85.1 254.7 28.7 18590.0 460.4 -----
SIGW 68.6 -59.1 -85.1 255.0 28.9 18597.0 460.6 -----
SIGW 65.4 -58.3 -85.1 280.0 17.9 18902.0 468.8 -----
SIGT 64.6 -58.1 -85.1 276.3 18.3 18976.8 470.8 -----
SIGW 62.3 -58.8 -83.5 265.0 19.8 19207.0 474.3 -----
SIGT 59.9 -59.5 -82.6 269.0 17.9 19451.2 477.9 -----
SIGT 58.4 -58.3 -82.2 271.6 16.6 19610.5 484.1 -----
SIGW 56.5 -59.1 -81.8 275.0 15.0 19817.0 486.8 -----
SIGT 56.1 -59.3 -81.7 276.1 15.6 19862.8 487.4 -----
SIGT 53.1 -56.7 -81.7 284.7 20.7 20209.3 501.2 -----
SIGW 51.3 -57.4 -81.7 290.0 23.9 20426.0 504.5 -----
SIGT 50.5 -57.7 -81.7 290.0 23.3 20527.0 506.1 -----
MAND 50.0 -56.7 -80.7 290.0 22.9 20589.9 509.9 -----
SIGW 48.9 -57.1 -81.1 285.0 16.9 20731.0 512.3 -----
SIGW 46.6 -57.9 -81.9 215.0 15.9 21036.0 517.4 -----
SIGW 44.4 -58.7 -82.7 205.0 19.8 21341.0 522.6 -----
SIGT 42.9 -59.3 -83.3 236.6 22.7 21555.4 526.3 -----
SIGW 42.3 -58.2 -82.8 250.0 23.9 21646.0 531.2 -----
SIGT 40.7 -55.3 -81.3 258.0 27.6 21888.4 544.3 -----
SIGW 36.6 -56.9 -81.3 280.0 37.9 22560.0 556.9 -----
SIGT 35.6 -57.3 -81.3 282.9 34.3 22739.1 560.3 -----
SIGW 34.9 -57.2 -81.2 285.0 31.9 22865.0 563.7 -----
SIGT 33.1 -57.1 -81.1 257.6 30.8 23199.8 572.7 -----
SIGW 31.7 -54.9 -79.7 235.0 29.9 23475.0 585.6 -----
SIGT 31.3 -54.3 -79.3 235.0 29.5 23556.1 589.4 -----
MAND 30.0 -55.3 -79.3 235.0 28.0 23827.5 593.9 -----
SIGW 28.8 -54.8 -80.3 255.0 22.9 24085.0 602.2 -----
SIGT 27.7 -54.3 -81.3 246.7 25.3 24337.8 610.4 -----
SIGW 27.5 -54.5 -81.2 245.0 25.8 24390.0 611.4 -----
SIGT 25.4 -55.9 -79.9 240.9 28.4 24891.6 621.2 -----
SIGW 25.0 -55.3 -79.7 240.0 28.9 25000.0 625.9 -----
SIGT 24.3 -54.3 -79.3 257.2 33.0 25174.5 633.7 -----
SIGW 23.8 -54.4 -79.3 270.0 35.9 25304.0 637.0 -----
SIGW 22.7 -54.8 -79.3 280.0 36.9 25609.0 644.8 -----
SIGT 20.9 -55.3 -79.3 262.6 30.8 26138.8 658.6 -----
SIGW 20.6 -55.0 -79.0 260.0 29.9 26219.0 662.0 -----
MAND 20.0 -54.1 -78.1 255.0 36.9 26420.6 670.6 -----
SIGW 17.1 -55.4 -78.7 260.0 57.9 27439.0 697.6 -----
SIGT 16.1 -55.9 -78.9 261.5 59.1 27807.1 707.7 -----
SIGT 15.2 -53.5 -77.5 263.0 60.2 28175.3 727.4 -----
SIGW 14.1 -53.4 -77.1 265.0 61.8 28658.0 743.5 -----
SIGT 11.4 -53.1 -76.1 258.8 50.2 30028.5 791.2 -----
SIGT 10.9 -50.9 -75.9 257.5 47.7 30319.2 809.4 -----
MAND 10.0 -50.5 -75.5 255.0 42.9 30880.9 831.1 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 18 Oct 2019291
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 1.8 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 282.9 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 295.1 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 4.7 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 901 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 1.4 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 901 mb
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 11.4 C
K Index (KI) = 15.0
Lifted Index (LI) = 13.7
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 108.7
Showalter Index (ShI) = 13.3
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 34.7
Precipitable Water (PW) = 14.8 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = 102 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 298 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -3270 J/kg
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 323 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 310 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
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UALIST: Done
Dernière mise à jour : 30 décembre 2022
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