================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018288 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS=129 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 987.0 10.0 9.4 150.0 4.9 221.0 284.2 7.528 SIGT 979.0 9.4 8.3 161.3 8.2 288.7 284.3 7.040 SIGW 942.0 9.3 8.6 215.0 23.9 609.0 287.3 7.457 MAND 925.0 9.2 8.7 225.0 22.9 760.4 288.7 7.663 SIGT 920.0 9.2 8.8 225.0 21.7 805.5 289.2 7.758 SIGW 908.0 8.8 8.4 225.0 18.8 914.0 289.8 7.672 SIGW 875.2 7.6 7.4 220.0 15.9 1219.0 291.7 7.430 SIGT 874.0 7.6 7.4 220.2 16.5 1230.6 291.8 7.421 MAND 850.0 7.4 7.4 225.0 26.8 1460.6 293.9 7.633 SIGT 818.0 7.2 7.2 229.3 32.8 1777.4 296.9 7.826 SIGW 812.9 7.0 6.9 230.0 33.8 1829.0 297.3 7.725 SIGT 789.0 6.0 5.6 238.1 37.1 2074.7 298.7 7.259 SIGW 783.3 5.5 4.9 240.0 37.9 2134.0 298.8 6.962 SIGT 768.0 4.2 3.0 240.0 39.4 2295.5 299.1 6.204 SIGW 754.5 3.4 2.5 240.0 40.8 2439.0 299.8 6.095 SIGT 728.0 1.8 1.5 240.0 38.0 2729.9 301.1 5.877 SIGW 726.8 1.7 1.1 240.0 37.9 2743.0 301.1 5.738 SIGT 723.0 1.4 0.0 240.7 37.6 2785.6 301.2 5.305 SIGT 707.0 0.4 -0.6 243.7 36.4 2965.8 302.1 5.192 MAND 700.0 -0.5 -3.1 245.0 35.9 3045.7 301.9 4.355 SIGT 692.0 -1.1 -4.6 249.5 34.4 3137.7 302.3 3.933 SIGT 680.0 -1.1 -2.6 256.3 32.1 3277.5 303.8 4.655 SIGW 673.6 -1.5 -2.9 260.0 30.9 3353.0 304.1 4.595 SIGT 663.0 -2.3 -3.4 255.9 35.0 3479.4 304.6 4.497 SIGW 648.2 -4.5 -11.1 250.0 40.8 3658.0 304.1 2.536 SIGT 647.0 -4.7 -11.7 250.0 41.1 3672.8 304.1 2.414 SIGT 639.0 -5.7 -13.7 250.0 43.4 3770.6 304.0 2.078 SIGT 613.0 -6.3 -10.0 250.0 50.8 4096.3 307.0 2.920 SIGT 607.0 -5.3 -6.0 250.0 52.6 4173.5 309.0 4.032 SIGW 599.8 -5.3 -6.3 250.0 54.8 4268.0 310.0 3.999 SIGT 596.0 -5.3 -6.4 250.4 54.9 4317.4 310.6 3.982 SIGW 554.6 -9.4 -10.2 255.0 55.9 4878.0 312.2 3.186 SIGT 548.0 -10.1 -10.8 253.5 55.3 4971.9 312.4 3.066 SIGT 542.0 -10.9 -12.4 252.1 54.7 5056.7 312.5 2.725 SIGW 533.2 -11.7 -13.1 250.0 53.8 5182.0 313.0 2.622 SIGT 524.0 -12.5 -13.8 251.4 56.3 5315.9 313.6 2.515 SIGT 515.0 -12.7 -16.2 252.7 58.8 5448.4 314.9 2.097 MAND 500.0 -14.1 -17.1 255.0 62.9 5673.6 315.9 2.003 SIGT 497.0 -14.5 -17.4 255.5 63.9 5719.3 315.9 1.965 SIGT 489.0 -15.5 -18.5 257.0 66.5 5842.2 316.2 1.819 SIGW 472.7 -17.8 -23.4 260.0 71.9 6097.0 316.4 1.226 SIGT 464.0 -19.1 -26.1 260.0 74.8 6235.9 316.5 0.981 SIGT 448.0 -20.9 -28.9 260.0 80.2 6496.4 317.4 0.785 SIGT 435.0 -22.1 -26.4 260.0 84.7 6713.6 318.5 1.018 SIGW 417.6 -24.4 -27.5 260.0 90.9 7012.0 319.3 0.962 SIGT 414.0 -24.9 -27.7 260.0 90.1 7075.8 319.5 0.950 MAND 400.0 -26.9 -28.2 260.0 86.8 7325.2 320.0 0.939 SIGT 395.0 -27.9 -29.0 260.0 87.1 7415.8 319.9 0.882 SIGW 383.8 -29.6 -35.2 260.0 87.8 7621.0 320.3 0.499 SIGT 383.0 -29.7 -35.7 260.0 87.8 7636.8 320.4 0.477 SIGT 369.0 -31.7 -36.3 260.0 86.9 7901.4 321.1 0.467 SIGT 359.0 -33.5 -41.5 260.0 86.3 8095.1 321.2 0.280 SIGW 352.1 -34.7 -42.2 260.0 85.9 8231.0 321.5 0.265 SIGT 345.0 -35.9 -42.9 260.8 90.1 8373.0 321.7 0.251 SIGT 331.0 -37.9 -46.9 262.3 98.5 8659.8 322.8 0.168 SIGT 320.0 -39.9 -47.9 263.6 105.4 8891.8 323.1 0.156 SIGW 308.3 -40.2 -53.6 265.0 112.9 9146.0 326.1 0.091 SIGT 305.0 -40.3 -55.3 265.0 115.6 9219.7 327.0 0.075 MAXW 301.0 -40.6 -56.4 265.0 118.9 9309.7 327.8 0.069 MAND 300.0 -40.7 -56.7 265.0 118.9 9332.4 328.0 0.068 SIGW 294.8 -41.2 -57.9 265.0 118.9 9451.0 329.0 0.061 SIGT 272.0 -43.5 -63.5 265.0 101.0 9995.7 333.3 ----- SIGW 269.4 -43.8 -63.5 265.0 98.9 10060.0 333.8 ----- MAND 250.0 -45.7 -63.7 265.0 99.8 10560.6 338.1 ----- MAND 200.0 -51.5 -70.5 270.0 101.8 12028.8 351.2 ----- SIGT 179.0 -54.3 -74.3 272.6 102.8 12744.7 358.0 ----- SIGW 161.0 -58.9 -77.0 275.0 103.7 13414.0 361.2 ----- SIGT 151.0 -61.7 -78.7 270.5 94.7 13817.0 363.1 ----- MAND 150.0 -61.7 -78.7 270.0 93.8 13858.2 363.8 ----- SIGW 139.0 -61.3 -78.3 270.0 76.9 14329.0 372.5 ----- SIGT 135.0 -61.1 -78.1 269.0 77.3 14511.9 376.0 ----- SIGT 127.0 -62.5 -79.5 266.9 78.1 14890.2 380.1 ----- TRO1 120.0 -65.3 -81.3 265.0 78.9 15237.9 381.2 ----- SIGT 116.0 -63.3 -80.3 266.7 76.8 15445.3 388.6 ----- SIGT 110.0 -63.7 -79.7 269.3 73.6 15771.6 393.8 ----- SIGW 108.6 -62.8 -79.6 270.0 72.8 15853.0 396.9 ----- SIGT 108.0 -62.5 -79.5 270.0 70.8 15884.5 398.1 ----- MAND 100.0 -64.1 -80.1 270.0 39.8 16357.7 403.9 ----- SIGW 88.9 -65.1 -80.3 250.0 45.8 17073.0 415.7 ----- SIGT 86.9 -65.3 -80.3 254.7 52.4 17215.4 418.0 ----- SIGT 85.6 -63.9 -79.9 257.7 56.6 17307.5 422.7 ----- SIGW 84.6 -63.9 -79.9 260.0 59.8 17378.0 424.1 ----- SIGT 81.0 -63.9 -79.9 262.9 53.4 17646.1 429.4 ----- SIGT 79.5 -62.1 -79.1 264.2 50.6 17761.2 435.4 ----- SIGT 73.3 -61.9 -78.9 269.7 38.6 18263.6 446.1 ----- SIGW 73.0 -61.5 -78.7 270.0 37.9 18292.0 447.4 ----- SIGT 71.5 -59.9 -77.9 274.9 32.5 18418.2 453.5 ----- MAND 70.0 -59.9 -77.9 280.0 26.8 18550.7 456.3 ----- SIGW 66.2 -60.7 -78.4 240.0 24.9 18902.0 461.9 ----- SIGW 63.0 -61.5 -78.8 245.0 32.8 19207.0 466.8 ----- SIGW 60.0 -62.2 -79.2 270.0 22.0 19512.0 471.7 ----- SIGT 59.6 -62.3 -79.3 266.9 22.1 19550.1 472.4 ----- SIGW 57.1 -61.3 -78.1 245.0 22.9 19817.0 480.4 ----- SIGW 54.4 -60.2 -76.7 265.0 35.9 20121.0 489.7 ----- MAND 50.0 -58.3 -74.3 260.0 25.8 20645.4 506.1 ----- SIGT 47.1 -57.5 -73.5 269.6 22.1 21022.3 516.8 ----- SIGW 47.0 -57.5 -73.6 270.0 22.0 21036.0 517.0 ----- SIGW 44.8 -58.6 -75.2 235.0 18.8 21341.0 521.5 ----- SIGT 43.1 -59.5 -76.5 238.9 27.5 21580.5 525.1 ----- SIGW 42.7 -59.3 -76.4 240.0 29.9 21646.0 527.1 ----- SIGW 40.6 -58.6 -75.9 255.0 22.9 21951.0 536.3 ----- SIGW 36.9 -57.1 -75.0 230.0 22.9 22560.0 555.2 ----- SIGT 36.4 -56.9 -74.9 235.1 22.7 22644.6 557.8 ----- SIGT 35.0 -58.5 -74.5 250.0 22.2 22892.2 559.9 ----- SIGW 31.9 -56.3 -72.3 285.0 21.0 23475.0 580.8 ----- SIGT 31.9 -56.3 -72.3 284.5 20.9 23478.5 580.9 ----- SIGW 30.4 -56.3 -72.3 245.0 10.9 23780.0 588.8 ----- MAND 30.0 -56.3 -72.3 255.0 15.0 23868.7 591.2 ----- SIGW 29.0 -55.7 -71.7 275.0 21.0 24085.0 598.6 ----- SIGW 27.6 -54.9 -70.9 270.0 26.8 24390.0 609.2 ----- SIGT 27.4 -54.7 -70.7 272.8 26.3 24446.8 611.2 ----- SIGT 26.8 -55.5 -70.5 279.8 24.9 24588.3 612.8 ----- SIGW 26.4 -54.9 -69.9 285.0 23.9 24695.0 617.4 ----- SIGT 25.2 -53.3 -68.3 247.2 22.1 24982.9 630.0 ----- SIGW 25.1 -53.4 -68.3 245.0 22.0 25000.0 630.3 ----- SIGW 24.0 -54.4 -68.6 245.0 21.0 25304.0 635.8 ----- SIGT 23.7 -54.7 -68.7 247.8 21.0 25376.9 637.1 ----- SIGT 22.5 -52.7 -67.7 260.6 21.0 25711.1 652.5 ----- SIGW 20.8 -53.2 -68.2 280.0 21.0 26219.0 665.8 ----- MAND 20.0 -53.5 -68.5 260.0 18.8 26470.5 672.4 ----- SIGW 18.9 -54.0 -68.5 250.0 14.0 26829.0 681.8 ----- SIGT 17.8 -54.5 -68.5 259.6 20.3 27218.8 692.1 ----- SIGW 17.2 -53.9 -68.4 265.0 23.9 27439.0 700.9 ----- SIGT 16.7 -53.3 -68.3 268.1 27.0 27628.6 708.7 ----- SIGW 16.4 -52.1 -67.6 270.0 28.9 27743.0 716.0 ----- SIGT 16.0 -50.5 -66.5 ----- ----- 27906.2 726.5 ----- SIGT 14.6 -50.5 -65.5 ----- ----- 28503.6 745.8 ----- SIGT 12.1 -46.1 -64.1 ----- ----- 29741.0 802.5 ----- SIGT 11.3 -48.3 -64.3 ----- ----- 30193.9 810.5 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 15 Oct 2018288 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 8.5 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 287.6 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 307.0 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 7.4 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 927 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 8.3 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 927 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 18.8 C K Index (KI) = 26.3 Lifted Index (LI) = 10.1 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 293.1 Showalter Index (ShI) = 5.4 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 43.0 Precipitable Water (PW) = 28.2 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = 296 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 313 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 328 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 301 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done