================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2017232 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS= 88 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 986.0 20.2 18.3 305.0 3.9 221.0 294.5 13.568 SIGT 971.0 19.6 15.4 305.0 8.7 353.6 295.2 11.422 SIGT 961.0 19.2 14.2 305.0 11.9 443.0 295.7 10.669 SIGW 942.6 17.9 13.1 305.0 17.9 609.0 296.0 10.141 MAND 925.0 16.6 12.1 300.0 16.9 770.6 296.3 9.647 SIGW 909.5 15.3 11.5 285.0 16.9 914.0 296.4 9.446 SIGT 898.0 14.4 11.1 283.2 19.7 1022.6 296.5 9.296 SIGW 877.3 13.1 8.9 280.0 24.9 1219.0 297.2 8.204 SIGT 867.0 12.4 7.8 280.0 26.0 1319.1 297.5 7.691 MAND 850.0 11.2 7.1 280.0 28.0 1485.2 297.9 7.476 SIGW 815.5 8.7 5.3 270.0 30.9 1829.0 298.8 6.860 SIGT 796.0 7.2 4.2 263.4 24.3 2030.5 299.3 6.518 SIGW 786.0 6.5 4.2 260.0 21.0 2134.0 299.6 6.588 SIGT 761.0 4.8 4.1 255.6 21.0 2399.8 300.5 6.773 SIGW 757.4 4.6 3.1 255.0 21.0 2439.0 300.7 6.351 SIGT 755.0 4.4 2.5 256.3 21.1 2464.5 300.8 6.089 SIGT 735.0 3.0 0.5 267.0 22.5 2683.0 301.6 5.412 SIGW 729.6 2.5 -2.7 270.0 22.9 2743.0 301.7 4.314 SIGT 728.0 2.4 -3.6 269.7 23.0 2760.6 301.7 4.031 SIGT 716.0 4.0 -5.0 267.7 23.8 2895.5 304.9 3.686 SIGT 703.0 3.4 -5.6 265.5 24.7 3044.5 305.9 3.587 MAND 700.0 3.2 -5.8 265.0 24.9 3079.2 306.0 3.547 SIGT 692.0 2.6 -5.4 266.6 23.9 3172.4 306.4 3.700 SIGT 659.0 0.2 -9.8 273.4 19.8 3566.2 308.0 2.759 SIGW 651.5 -0.4 -8.9 275.0 18.8 3658.0 308.3 2.987 SIGT 634.0 -1.9 -6.9 275.0 20.4 3875.4 309.0 3.600 SIGW 627.0 -2.5 -7.8 275.0 21.0 3963.0 309.3 3.390 SIGT 613.0 -3.7 -9.7 286.8 19.7 4142.7 309.9 2.990 SIGT 604.0 -3.3 -11.3 294.5 18.9 4259.8 311.7 2.671 SIGW 603.4 -3.3 -11.4 295.0 18.8 4268.0 311.8 2.657 SIGW 558.3 -7.0 -17.3 305.0 24.9 4878.0 314.5 1.758 SIGT 547.0 -7.9 -18.9 299.4 25.2 5037.9 315.2 1.571 SIGT 519.0 -10.7 -20.7 285.1 26.2 5444.5 316.6 1.418 SIGT 511.0 -10.9 -24.9 280.9 26.4 5564.0 317.8 0.993 SIGT 506.0 -11.3 -23.3 278.2 26.6 5639.6 318.2 1.157 MAND 500.0 -11.7 -24.7 275.0 26.8 5731.1 318.8 1.033 SIGW 496.0 -12.0 -26.0 270.0 28.9 5792.0 319.1 0.923 SIGW 476.6 -13.6 -32.8 270.0 31.9 6097.0 320.9 0.512 SIGT 470.0 -14.1 -35.1 268.4 32.5 6203.1 321.5 0.413 SIGT 447.0 -17.3 -32.3 262.6 34.8 6581.7 322.1 0.570 SIGT 431.0 -19.3 -38.3 258.4 36.5 6854.0 322.9 0.326 MAND 400.0 -24.1 -39.1 250.0 39.8 7404.1 323.7 0.323 SIGW 388.1 -26.0 -40.5 250.0 37.9 7621.0 324.0 0.288 SIGT 353.0 -31.9 -44.9 241.1 53.9 8302.1 325.0 0.197 SIGT 343.0 -33.7 -43.7 238.4 58.7 8504.5 325.2 0.231 SIGT 330.0 -35.3 -48.3 234.9 65.1 8774.7 326.6 0.145 SIGT 326.0 -35.3 -51.3 233.8 67.1 8859.7 327.7 0.110 SIGW 312.8 -36.8 -46.4 230.0 73.8 9146.0 329.6 0.188 MAND 300.0 -38.3 -41.5 220.0 73.8 9435.4 331.4 0.335 SIGT 90.4 -60.9 ----- 233.3 24.2 17293.6 422.1 ----- SIGT 85.9 -58.9 ----- 233.8 22.2 17612.6 432.3 ----- SIGT 81.3 -61.5 ----- 234.4 20.0 17956.0 433.9 ----- SIGW 77.0 -60.0 ----- 235.0 17.9 18292.0 443.7 ----- SIGT 71.6 -57.9 ----- 231.2 10.3 18750.7 457.6 ----- MAND 70.0 -57.9 ----- 230.0 8.0 18893.2 460.5 ----- SIGT 65.2 -58.5 ----- 223.7 8.2 19340.6 468.7 ----- SIGT 63.9 -56.9 ----- 221.9 8.2 19467.8 474.9 ----- SIGT 56.6 -58.7 ----- 211.1 8.6 20233.2 487.6 ----- MAND 50.0 -56.3 ----- 200.0 8.9 21016.7 510.8 ----- SIGT 48.4 -55.3 ----- 225.5 10.2 21223.8 518.0 ----- SIGW 47.5 -55.2 ----- 240.0 10.9 21341.0 520.9 ----- SIGT 44.0 -54.9 ----- 199.7 7.7 21832.8 533.3 ----- SIGT 41.2 -52.5 ----- 165.0 4.9 22255.5 549.4 ----- SIGW 37.5 -54.1 ----- 115.0 1.0 22865.0 560.4 ----- SIGT 36.1 -54.7 ----- 118.9 7.6 23105.7 564.8 ----- SIGW 34.1 -54.1 ----- 125.0 17.9 23475.0 575.9 ----- SIGT 31.2 -53.1 ----- 135.4 9.6 24042.8 593.2 ----- MAND 30.0 -51.1 ----- 140.0 5.8 24296.8 605.4 ----- SIGW 28.2 -51.7 ----- 70.0 15.9 24695.0 614.4 ----- SIGT 25.4 -52.7 ----- 17.9 4.1 25375.9 630.3 ----- SIGW 24.5 -50.6 ----- 0.0 0.0 25609.0 642.9 ----- SIGT 24.3 -50.1 ----- 3.0 0.7 25663.6 645.9 ----- SIGW 21.3 -49.2 ----- 50.0 11.8 26524.0 673.4 ----- SIGT 21.1 -49.1 ----- 56.3 12.3 26588.5 675.5 ----- SIGW 20.3 -47.7 ----- 80.0 14.0 26829.0 686.7 ----- MAND 20.0 -47.1 ----- 80.0 10.9 26941.6 692.0 ----- SIGW 18.6 -46.8 ----- 50.0 10.9 27439.0 707.9 ----- SIGW 17.7 -46.6 ----- 80.0 17.9 27743.0 717.8 ----- SIGW 15.5 -46.1 ----- 55.0 10.9 28658.0 748.4 ----- SIGW 14.8 -45.9 ----- 105.0 15.9 28963.0 758.8 ----- SIGW 14.1 -45.7 ----- 35.0 10.9 29268.0 769.5 ----- SIGW 12.9 -45.4 ----- 100.0 14.0 29878.0 791.2 ----- SIGT 12.6 -45.3 ----- 88.8 14.4 30014.1 796.1 ----- SIGW 12.3 -44.8 ----- 75.0 15.0 30182.0 803.6 ----- MAND 10.0 -40.5 ----- 65.0 25.8 31573.3 868.4 ----- SIGT 8.2 -43.5 ----- ----- ----- 32917.4 907.3 ----- SIGT 7.4 -41.7 ----- ----- ----- 33610.9 941.6 ----- SIGT 6.4 -36.7 ----- ----- ----- 34606.1 1002.7 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 20 Aug 2017232 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 13.1 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 296.0 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 323.1 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 10.2 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 879 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 12.2 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 828 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = 720 mb Convective Temperature (CVT) = 26.5 C Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 24.5 C K Index (KI) = 21.0 Lifted Index (LI) = 2.8 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 168.1 Showalter Index (ShI) = 5.6 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 41.7 Precipitable Water (PW) = 27.0 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -236 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = 47 J/kg Convective Inhibition (CIN) = 80 J/kg Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 326 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 149 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 330 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 313 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done