================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018202 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=125 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 987.0 29.6 16.6 145.0 14.0 221.0 303.9 12.147 SIGT 979.0 28.0 15.0 144.1 14.9 293.5 303.0 11.035 SIGW 944.6 25.0 13.2 140.0 18.8 609.0 303.0 10.185 MAND 925.0 23.2 12.2 145.0 15.9 793.3 303.0 9.712 SIGW 912.2 22.1 12.1 150.0 15.9 914.0 303.1 9.763 SIGT 887.0 19.8 11.8 162.0 16.7 1157.6 303.2 9.867 SIGW 880.7 19.3 11.4 165.0 16.9 1219.0 303.2 9.695 MAND 850.0 16.6 9.6 175.0 16.9 1523.5 303.5 8.879 SIGW 819.7 13.8 8.6 180.0 15.9 1829.0 303.8 8.598 SIGW 790.6 11.0 7.6 190.0 12.8 2134.0 303.9 8.322 SIGT 774.0 9.4 7.0 204.7 12.8 2312.9 304.0 8.163 SIGW 762.3 8.4 5.6 215.0 12.8 2439.0 304.3 7.508 SIGT 760.0 8.2 5.3 214.2 13.0 2464.4 304.3 7.382 SIGT 744.0 7.6 0.6 208.4 14.2 2640.3 305.5 5.385 SIGT 737.0 9.0 -10.0 205.8 14.8 2718.4 307.9 2.427 SIGW 734.8 9.3 -13.3 205.0 15.0 2743.0 308.5 1.860 SIGT 731.0 9.8 -19.2 202.3 15.7 2786.2 309.5 1.145 SIGT 724.0 10.4 -25.6 197.4 17.1 2866.1 311.0 0.658 SIGT 708.0 9.8 -34.2 185.8 20.3 3051.6 312.3 0.299 MAND 700.0 9.2 -38.8 180.0 22.0 3145.7 312.7 0.191 SIGW 682.6 7.9 -32.9 180.0 22.0 3353.0 313.5 0.352 SIGT 669.0 6.8 -28.2 180.9 22.7 3519.0 314.1 0.561 SIGT 622.0 1.6 -29.4 184.1 25.2 4111.1 314.7 0.540 SIGW 609.8 0.8 -31.0 185.0 25.8 4268.0 315.5 0.475 SIGW 564.8 -2.5 -37.1 175.0 33.8 4878.0 318.7 0.282 SIGT 529.0 -5.3 -42.3 175.0 36.7 5398.8 321.4 0.174 SIGT 511.0 -7.5 -42.5 175.0 38.2 5669.5 321.9 0.177 SIGW 503.0 -8.2 -45.4 175.0 38.9 5792.0 322.5 0.131 MAND 500.0 -8.5 -46.5 175.0 38.9 5838.5 322.7 0.116 SIGW 483.5 -10.0 -46.6 175.0 35.9 6097.0 323.9 0.119 SIGT 476.0 -10.7 -46.7 176.3 35.5 6218.4 324.5 0.120 SIGT 469.0 -11.5 -29.5 177.6 35.1 6332.2 324.9 0.709 SIGT 462.0 -12.7 -16.1 178.8 34.7 6447.3 324.8 2.359 SIGT 446.0 -14.9 -16.8 181.8 33.8 6715.6 325.3 2.304 SIGT 438.0 -15.7 -18.3 183.3 33.4 6852.5 326.0 2.066 SIGW 428.8 -16.4 -21.5 185.0 32.8 7012.0 327.1 1.603 SIGT 422.0 -16.9 -23.9 182.7 32.2 7132.9 328.0 1.316 SIGT 418.0 -17.3 -24.3 181.3 31.8 7204.4 328.4 1.282 MAND 400.0 -19.9 -27.9 175.0 29.9 7532.9 329.1 0.965 SIGW 395.3 -20.6 -29.2 175.0 29.9 7621.0 329.3 0.866 SIGT 392.0 -21.1 -30.1 177.0 28.5 7682.5 329.5 0.802 SIGT 386.0 -22.1 -29.1 180.7 25.9 7796.3 329.6 0.895 SIGT 367.0 -24.1 -32.1 192.9 17.4 8166.3 331.7 0.708 SIGW 363.8 -24.4 -33.8 195.0 15.9 8231.0 332.2 0.605 SIGT 358.0 -24.9 -36.9 200.7 16.3 8347.2 333.0 0.453 SIGT 353.0 -25.5 -35.5 205.7 16.6 8449.5 333.6 0.528 SIGT 341.0 -27.1 -41.1 218.1 17.4 8699.7 334.7 0.308 SIGT 336.0 -27.7 -39.7 223.3 17.8 8806.1 335.3 0.362 SIGW 334.4 -28.0 -39.9 225.0 17.9 8841.0 335.4 0.355 SIGW 320.4 -30.6 -41.9 245.0 14.0 9146.0 335.8 0.301 SIGT 316.0 -31.5 -42.5 252.4 12.9 9244.1 336.0 0.286 SIGT 305.0 -32.9 -38.9 271.2 10.2 9494.3 337.4 0.433 MAND 300.0 -33.5 -39.5 280.0 8.9 9610.5 338.2 0.414 SIGW 268.9 -39.2 -45.2 205.0 2.9 10365.0 340.7 0.251 SIGT 253.0 -42.3 -48.3 213.4 10.4 10785.3 342.0 0.190 MAND 250.0 -42.9 -48.9 215.0 11.8 10865.9 342.3 0.180 SIGT 244.0 -44.5 -50.5 222.9 12.7 11029.2 342.3 0.159 SIGW 235.0 -46.6 -55.9 235.0 14.0 11280.0 342.8 0.093 SIGT 233.0 -47.1 -57.1 233.5 14.4 11336.6 342.9 0.084 SIGT 222.0 -49.9 -57.9 224.8 16.9 11654.9 343.4 0.081 SIGT 209.0 -53.3 -61.3 214.1 19.8 12046.7 344.0 0.059 SIGT 206.0 -52.1 -64.1 211.5 20.6 12140.1 347.3 ----- SIGW 204.3 -52.3 -66.0 210.0 21.0 12195.0 347.9 ----- SIGT 204.0 -52.3 -66.3 210.9 21.6 12203.2 348.0 ----- SIGT 201.0 -52.9 -64.9 221.4 29.3 12299.0 348.5 ----- MAND 200.0 -52.1 -64.1 225.0 31.9 12331.2 350.3 ----- SIGT 199.0 -51.9 -64.9 226.4 33.0 12363.7 351.1 ----- SIGT 195.0 -52.1 -73.1 231.9 37.4 12495.3 352.8 ----- SIGT 189.0 -53.1 -81.1 240.5 44.2 12697.2 354.4 ----- SIGW 185.9 -53.8 -78.4 245.0 47.8 12804.0 355.0 ----- SIGT 179.0 -55.3 -72.3 251.0 40.9 13046.0 356.3 ----- SIGT 172.0 -55.1 -70.1 257.2 33.5 13300.7 360.8 ----- SIGT 169.0 -55.7 -68.7 260.0 30.3 13413.0 361.6 ----- SIGT 161.0 -57.3 -82.3 267.5 21.5 13720.9 363.9 ----- SIGW 153.4 -59.1 -84.1 275.0 12.8 14024.0 366.0 ----- MAND 150.0 -59.9 -84.9 265.0 12.8 14165.8 366.9 ----- SIGT 143.0 -60.1 -80.1 260.8 12.8 14464.2 371.6 ----- SIGT 141.0 -58.9 -78.9 259.6 12.8 14552.4 375.2 ----- SIGT 139.0 -58.5 -79.5 258.4 12.8 14642.2 377.4 ----- SIGT 130.0 -61.5 -84.5 252.5 12.8 15060.3 379.4 ----- SIGW 126.2 -61.1 -84.5 250.0 12.8 15243.0 383.3 ----- SIGT 119.0 -60.3 -84.5 290.5 10.6 15610.1 391.3 ----- SIGT 113.0 -61.1 -84.5 326.0 8.6 15932.2 395.6 ----- SIGT 110.0 -60.3 -84.5 344.4 7.5 16099.7 400.2 ----- SIGT 102.0 -60.1 -84.5 36.4 4.6 16570.8 409.3 ----- MAND 100.0 -59.5 -84.5 50.0 3.9 16694.6 412.8 ----- SIGW 77.6 -58.4 -84.5 190.0 5.8 18292.0 446.3 ----- MAND 70.0 -57.9 -84.5 80.0 1.0 18935.8 460.5 ----- SIGW 60.9 -57.1 -84.5 0.0 0.0 19817.0 481.1 ----- SIGT 50.3 -55.9 -84.5 104.5 10.8 21030.0 510.9 ----- SIGW 50.3 -55.9 -84.5 105.0 10.9 21036.0 511.1 ----- MAND 50.0 -55.7 -84.5 100.0 8.0 21068.1 512.2 ----- SIGW 47.9 -55.0 -84.5 60.0 10.9 21341.0 520.2 ----- SIGW 45.7 -54.2 -84.5 85.0 12.8 21646.0 529.2 ----- SIGT 44.3 -53.7 -84.5 75.3 12.8 21842.8 535.2 ----- SIGW 41.5 -54.2 -84.5 55.0 12.8 22256.0 543.8 ----- SIGT 40.3 -54.5 -84.5 55.0 14.8 22450.2 547.8 ----- SIGW 39.6 -53.7 -84.5 55.0 15.9 22560.0 552.6 ----- SIGT 38.7 -52.5 -84.5 62.4 17.2 22710.9 559.3 ----- SIGT 36.7 -53.3 -84.3 79.3 20.0 23053.4 565.8 ----- SIGW 36.0 -52.7 -84.7 85.0 21.0 23170.0 570.2 ----- SIGT 35.3 -52.1 -85.1 85.0 23.1 23304.6 575.2 ----- SIGW 34.4 -52.7 -84.7 85.0 25.8 23475.0 578.0 ----- SIGT 33.5 -53.3 -84.3 86.9 25.3 23642.7 580.7 ----- SIGT 32.5 -51.7 -83.7 89.1 24.6 23838.6 590.1 ----- MAND 30.0 -51.7 -83.7 95.0 22.9 24358.0 603.7 ----- SIGT 28.6 -51.9 -84.9 96.6 24.2 24668.0 611.5 ----- SIGW 26.0 -49.4 -83.4 100.0 26.8 25304.0 635.7 ----- SIGW 24.8 -48.3 -82.7 115.0 16.9 25609.0 647.6 ----- SIGW 23.7 -47.1 -81.9 90.0 12.8 25914.0 659.7 ----- SIGT 23.3 -46.7 -81.7 88.7 13.7 26012.3 663.6 ----- MAND 20.0 -46.7 -81.7 75.0 22.9 27025.6 693.3 ----- SIGW 18.8 -46.3 -81.3 65.0 21.0 27439.0 706.9 ----- SIGT 18.1 -46.1 -81.1 69.7 21.4 27688.8 715.2 ----- SIGT 16.4 -43.3 -79.3 82.1 22.6 28349.1 744.8 ----- SIGT 13.7 -42.9 -78.9 104.8 24.8 29561.6 785.4 ----- SIGW 13.7 -42.9 -78.9 105.0 24.9 29573.0 785.9 ----- SIGW 12.5 -41.1 -77.5 85.0 28.0 30182.0 812.3 ----- SIGT 10.8 -38.3 -75.3 78.5 31.8 31182.3 857.5 ----- MAND 10.0 -39.7 -76.7 75.0 33.8 31710.3 871.4 ----- SIGT 8.2 -36.7 -74.7 ----- ----- 33076.6 934.1 ----- SIGT 7.3 -36.3 -74.3 ----- ----- 33882.7 967.3 ----- SIGT 6.7 -35.1 -73.1 ----- ----- 34479.4 996.4 ----- SIGT 6.5 -32.7 -71.7 ----- ----- 34691.9 1015.2 ----- SIGT 6.0 -32.1 -71.1 ----- ----- 35256.5 1041.3 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 21 Jul 2018202 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 13.2 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 303.1 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 330.8 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 10.2 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 795 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 10.7 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 795 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = 745 mb Convective Temperature (CVT) = 28.6 C Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 30.9 C K Index (KI) = -13.3 Lifted Index (LI) = 2.1 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 188.0 Showalter Index (ShI) = 3.5 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 43.2 Precipitable Water (PW) = 25.3 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -15 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = 8 J/kg Convective Inhibition (CIN) = 282 J/kg Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 333 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 18 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 339 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 305 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done