================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018264 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS= 98 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 993.0 21.2 17.4 60.0 5.8 221.0 295.0 12.713 SIGT 974.0 19.8 16.3 101.0 8.0 388.5 295.2 12.074 SIGT 966.0 20.8 16.6 118.5 8.9 459.9 296.9 12.416 SIGT 954.0 21.0 15.0 145.1 10.3 568.4 298.1 11.329 SIGW 949.5 20.8 14.8 155.0 10.9 609.0 298.3 11.203 MAND 925.0 19.4 13.4 185.0 14.0 835.5 299.2 10.520 SIGW 916.6 18.8 13.2 190.0 15.9 914.0 299.4 10.509 SIGW 884.5 16.6 12.6 205.0 15.0 1219.0 300.1 10.466 SIGT 862.0 15.0 12.2 218.0 14.3 1439.5 300.7 10.434 SIGT 852.0 14.8 8.8 223.8 14.0 1538.5 301.5 8.386 MAND 850.0 14.8 8.8 225.0 14.0 1558.4 301.7 8.406 SIGT 830.0 14.4 9.5 239.9 16.9 1760.3 303.3 9.034 SIGW 823.3 13.8 10.2 245.0 17.9 1829.0 303.4 9.560 SIGT 814.0 13.0 11.2 249.7 19.5 1924.8 303.5 10.341 SIGW 794.0 11.8 10.5 260.0 22.9 2134.0 304.4 10.108 SIGT 775.0 10.6 9.8 263.3 23.6 2337.3 305.2 9.885 SIGT 767.0 11.2 7.7 264.8 23.8 2424.1 306.8 8.648 SIGW 765.6 11.1 7.7 265.0 23.9 2439.0 306.8 8.676 SIGT 754.0 10.2 7.9 269.2 27.2 2567.1 307.2 8.922 SIGW 738.2 9.3 5.5 275.0 31.9 2743.0 308.0 7.733 SIGT 734.0 9.0 4.9 276.1 32.7 2790.9 308.3 7.434 MAND 700.0 6.2 2.6 285.0 39.8 3182.7 309.4 6.620 SIGT 699.0 6.2 2.6 285.0 39.7 3194.5 309.5 6.630 SIGT 685.0 4.6 2.9 285.0 38.0 3360.3 309.5 6.914 SIGT 664.0 4.0 0.9 285.0 35.4 3614.4 311.6 6.174 SIGW 660.5 3.7 1.0 285.0 35.0 3658.0 311.8 6.272 SIGT 654.0 3.2 1.3 287.0 36.5 3738.0 312.0 6.455 SIGT 649.0 3.2 -0.8 288.5 37.7 3800.3 312.7 5.578 SIGT 637.0 2.2 0.2 292.2 40.7 3951.7 313.3 6.118 SIGW 612.5 0.8 -6.1 300.0 46.8 4268.0 315.2 3.954 SIGT 598.0 0.0 -10.0 293.7 43.7 4460.8 316.4 2.994 SIGT 584.0 -1.5 -11.5 287.5 40.6 4650.2 316.8 2.719 SIGT 573.0 -1.9 -5.4 282.5 38.1 4801.8 318.1 4.474 SIGW 567.5 -2.4 -5.0 280.0 36.9 4878.0 318.4 4.661 SIGT 561.0 -2.9 -4.5 277.0 36.6 4970.2 318.8 4.896 SIGT 557.0 -3.1 -5.5 275.1 36.4 5027.0 319.3 4.569 SIGW 546.1 -4.3 -6.2 270.0 35.9 5182.0 319.6 4.406 SIGT 515.0 -7.9 -8.4 273.3 42.5 5643.4 320.7 3.948 SIGT 505.0 -7.5 -9.4 274.4 44.7 5796.3 323.0 3.721 MAND 500.0 -8.1 -10.2 275.0 45.8 5873.8 323.2 3.527 SIGT 498.0 -8.3 -10.6 276.4 45.8 5905.0 323.3 3.430 SIGT 488.0 -10.3 -19.3 283.4 45.8 6062.1 322.7 1.702 SIGW 485.8 -10.4 -20.2 285.0 45.8 6097.0 323.0 1.585 SIGT 477.0 -10.7 -23.7 287.3 51.4 6237.7 324.3 1.185 SIGT 473.0 -9.9 -32.9 288.4 54.0 6302.6 326.1 0.509 SIGT 469.0 -9.5 -36.5 289.4 56.6 6368.2 327.4 0.360 SIGW 466.9 -9.6 -37.0 290.0 57.9 6402.0 327.7 0.344 SIGT 459.0 -9.9 -38.9 290.0 57.3 6534.6 328.9 0.288 MAND 400.0 -17.5 -39.5 290.0 52.8 7580.7 332.3 0.310 SIGW 97.8 -68.9 -80.9 295.0 28.0 17073.0 397.2 ----- SIGT 97.7 -68.9 -80.9 294.9 28.0 17079.1 397.3 ----- SIGW 92.9 -69.2 -81.8 290.0 29.9 17378.0 402.5 ----- SIGT 90.2 -69.3 -82.3 304.7 29.3 17556.6 405.6 ----- SIGW 88.3 -67.6 -81.8 315.0 28.9 17682.0 411.5 ----- SIGT 85.5 -64.9 -80.9 295.6 28.9 17879.7 420.8 ----- SIGW 84.0 -64.7 -81.3 285.0 28.9 17987.0 423.4 ----- SIGT 83.0 -64.5 -81.5 286.2 28.4 18061.0 425.2 ----- SIGW 79.9 -65.8 -82.8 290.0 26.8 18292.0 427.1 ----- SIGT 78.8 -66.3 -83.3 290.0 26.3 18377.1 427.8 ----- SIGW 76.0 -65.9 -83.8 290.0 24.9 18597.0 433.2 ----- SIGW 72.3 -65.3 -84.5 270.0 23.9 18902.0 440.7 ----- MAND 70.0 -64.9 -84.7 275.0 22.0 19097.2 445.6 ----- SIGW 68.8 -64.7 -84.8 290.0 22.9 19207.0 448.3 ----- SIGT 67.8 -64.5 -84.9 288.6 19.6 19292.3 450.5 ----- SIGW 65.4 -62.2 -84.9 285.0 10.9 19512.0 460.2 ----- SIGT 63.2 -59.9 -84.9 283.2 14.4 19726.6 469.8 ----- SIGW 59.3 -61.6 -84.9 280.0 21.0 20121.0 474.7 ----- SIGT 57.2 -62.5 -84.9 298.4 25.3 20346.1 477.5 ----- SIGW 56.5 -62.3 -84.9 305.0 26.8 20426.0 479.7 ----- SIGW 53.8 -61.6 -84.9 325.0 10.9 20731.0 488.2 ----- SIGW 51.2 -60.8 -84.9 285.0 4.9 21036.0 496.8 ----- MAND 50.0 -60.5 -84.9 310.0 7.0 21180.4 500.9 ----- SIGW 48.7 -60.6 -84.9 265.0 4.9 21341.0 504.5 ----- SIGW 46.4 -60.7 -84.9 250.0 12.8 21646.0 511.3 ----- SIGT 43.3 -60.9 -84.9 274.7 9.0 22076.0 521.0 ----- SIGW 38.2 -59.1 -84.9 320.0 1.9 22865.0 544.7 ----- SIGT 30.8 -55.9 -84.9 235.5 3.7 24219.4 587.8 ----- MAND 30.0 -54.5 -84.9 225.0 3.9 24387.5 596.1 ----- SIGW 28.6 -55.2 -84.9 280.0 18.8 24695.0 602.5 ----- SIGT 28.3 -55.3 -84.9 297.8 16.9 24760.5 603.9 ----- SIGT 27.3 -52.9 -84.9 0.3 10.1 24991.5 616.9 ----- SIGW 26.0 -53.1 -84.9 85.0 1.0 25304.0 625.0 ----- SIGT 25.8 -53.1 -84.9 72.2 2.2 25356.0 626.4 ----- SIGT 23.8 -50.9 -84.9 303.6 14.2 25878.9 647.4 ----- SIGW 23.7 -50.9 -84.9 295.0 15.0 25914.0 648.4 ----- SIGW 22.6 -51.0 -85.0 345.0 10.9 26219.0 657.0 ----- SIGW 21.6 -51.0 -85.0 295.0 1.0 26524.0 665.7 ----- SIGW 20.6 -51.1 -85.1 270.0 9.9 26829.0 674.5 ----- MAND 20.0 -51.1 -85.1 250.0 4.9 27011.2 679.8 ----- SIGW 18.7 -49.9 -84.2 265.0 10.9 27439.0 696.2 ----- SIGT 16.0 -47.1 -82.1 246.1 12.1 28476.1 737.6 ----- SIGT 14.0 -46.9 -81.9 230.0 13.1 29360.9 767.0 ----- SIGT 12.9 -44.5 -80.5 220.0 13.7 29906.3 793.5 ----- SIGW 12.4 -44.8 -80.6 215.0 14.0 30182.0 801.9 ----- MAND 10.0 -46.3 -81.3 255.0 15.9 31605.6 846.8 ----- SIGT 8.2 -41.9 -77.9 ----- ----- 32937.5 913.6 ----- SIGT 7.7 -42.1 -78.1 ----- ----- 33363.6 929.4 ----- SIGT 7.2 -39.9 -76.9 ----- ----- 33820.3 956.4 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 21 Sep 2018264 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 14.7 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 297.9 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 327.9 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 11.3 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 874 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 13.5 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 874 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 28.1 C K Index (KI) = 28.1 Lifted Index (LI) = 3.9 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 179.6 Showalter Index (ShI) = 5.6 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 39.8 Precipitable Water (PW) = 39.2 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = 306 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 332 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 335 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 505 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = 3 J/kg ================================================================================ UALIST: Done