================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2019112 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=102 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 995.0 7.4 5.5 225.0 9.9 221.0 281.0 5.702 SIGT 979.0 5.6 4.4 235.3 11.3 354.3 280.5 5.364 SIGW 949.0 5.6 3.7 255.0 14.0 609.0 283.0 5.282 SIGT 934.0 5.6 3.4 255.0 14.0 739.9 284.3 5.240 MAND 925.0 5.2 3.0 255.0 14.0 819.1 284.6 5.142 SIGW 914.3 4.6 2.7 265.0 9.9 914.0 285.0 5.097 SIGW 880.6 2.8 1.8 295.0 4.9 1219.0 286.2 4.955 SIGT 856.0 1.4 1.1 279.0 4.9 1449.0 287.0 4.849 MAND 850.0 1.6 0.5 275.0 4.9 1505.8 287.8 4.675 SIGT 843.0 1.2 0.2 295.6 5.3 1572.5 288.1 4.612 SIGT 835.0 2.0 0.5 319.5 5.8 1649.5 289.7 4.759 SIGT 822.0 0.8 -5.2 358.6 6.6 1776.0 289.8 3.160 SIGW 816.6 1.2 -3.4 15.0 7.0 1829.0 290.8 3.639 SIGT 812.0 1.6 -1.9 17.2 6.5 1874.6 291.6 4.102 SIGT 803.0 1.4 -7.6 21.7 5.6 1964.5 292.3 2.689 SIGW 786.3 1.8 -7.2 30.0 3.9 2134.0 294.5 2.829 SIGT 777.0 2.0 -7.0 36.3 5.5 2230.0 295.8 2.912 SIGT 758.0 0.4 -5.6 49.4 8.8 2429.4 296.1 3.325 SIGW 757.1 0.3 -5.6 50.0 8.9 2439.0 296.1 3.318 SIGW 728.8 -2.0 -7.1 25.0 9.9 2743.0 296.8 3.091 SIGT 728.0 -2.1 -7.1 25.6 10.1 2752.2 296.8 3.085 SIGT 717.0 -2.5 -15.5 33.5 12.1 2873.2 297.7 1.596 SIGT 712.0 -2.3 -11.3 37.2 13.0 2928.8 298.5 2.265 SIGT 705.0 -2.7 -17.7 42.3 14.3 3007.3 298.9 1.349 SIGW 701.4 -2.8 -15.0 45.0 15.0 3048.0 299.2 1.706 MAND 700.0 -2.9 -13.9 40.0 16.9 3063.7 299.3 1.865 SIGT 693.0 -3.3 -13.3 35.9 17.7 3143.3 299.7 1.979 SIGT 687.0 -3.3 -23.3 32.3 18.4 3212.1 300.4 0.852 SIGT 684.0 -3.3 -27.3 30.5 18.7 3246.8 300.8 0.596 SIGW 674.8 -4.2 -22.0 25.0 19.8 3353.0 301.0 0.977 SIGT 668.0 -4.9 -17.9 25.0 21.1 3433.5 301.1 1.400 SIGT 663.0 -5.5 -12.5 25.0 22.1 3492.5 301.0 2.208 SIGT 655.0 -6.5 -11.5 25.0 23.7 3587.7 301.0 2.423 SIGT 651.0 -6.7 -9.6 25.0 24.5 3635.6 301.3 2.837 SIGW 649.1 -6.7 -9.9 25.0 24.9 3658.0 301.5 2.778 SIGT 640.0 -6.9 -11.4 21.4 26.7 3768.8 302.5 2.500 SIGT 632.0 -7.5 -10.5 18.1 28.3 3867.0 302.9 2.721 SIGW 624.2 -8.4 -10.9 15.0 29.9 3963.0 303.0 2.675 SIGT 603.0 -10.9 -11.9 19.4 36.1 4230.9 303.1 2.549 SIGW 600.1 -10.7 -12.5 20.0 36.9 4268.0 303.7 2.435 SIGT 597.0 -10.5 -13.2 19.7 37.5 4307.9 304.4 2.317 SIGT 591.0 -9.1 -17.1 19.0 38.6 4385.9 306.9 1.694 SIGT 589.0 -8.9 -17.9 18.8 39.0 4412.2 307.5 1.588 SIGW 554.4 -12.8 -20.9 15.0 45.8 4878.0 308.2 1.303 SIGT 550.0 -13.3 -21.3 16.0 47.2 4938.7 308.3 1.269 SIGT 542.0 -13.5 -21.5 17.8 49.8 5050.3 309.4 1.266 SIGT 537.0 -13.5 -23.5 19.0 51.4 5120.8 310.2 1.071 SIGW 532.7 -13.8 -23.8 20.0 52.8 5182.0 310.5 1.050 SIGT 518.0 -14.9 -24.9 20.0 53.7 5394.3 311.7 0.980 SIGT 502.0 -15.5 -32.5 20.0 54.7 5631.6 313.8 0.498 MAND 500.0 -15.9 -32.9 20.0 54.8 5661.7 313.7 0.481 SIGT 475.0 -18.9 -33.9 24.4 53.9 6046.2 314.6 0.460 SIGW 471.8 -19.2 -36.8 25.0 53.8 6097.0 314.8 0.346 SIGT 464.0 -19.9 -43.9 24.0 54.8 6220.4 315.5 0.167 SIGT 449.0 -20.9 -38.9 22.0 56.9 6463.8 317.2 0.294 MAND 400.0 -28.3 -44.3 15.0 63.9 7305.5 318.2 0.185 SIGW 84.9 -60.5 ----- 210.0 33.8 17682.0 430.5 ----- SIGT 82.6 -61.1 ----- 217.5 30.5 17865.5 432.7 ----- SIGT 79.8 -59.1 ----- 226.3 26.7 18080.8 441.1 ----- SIGW 77.1 -59.8 ----- 235.0 22.9 18292.0 444.0 ----- SIGW 73.5 -60.8 ----- 230.0 18.8 18597.0 448.2 ----- SIGT 70.8 -61.5 ----- 230.0 18.1 18827.1 451.4 ----- MAND 70.0 -60.7 ----- 230.0 17.9 18897.7 454.5 ----- SIGT 68.1 -60.7 ----- 235.6 16.2 19069.0 458.1 ----- SIGT 66.4 -58.5 ----- 240.7 14.6 19227.2 466.2 ----- SIGW 63.4 -60.0 ----- 250.0 11.8 19512.0 469.0 ----- SIGW 60.4 -61.7 ----- 205.0 4.9 19817.0 471.9 ----- SIGT 60.4 -61.7 ----- 204.8 4.9 19818.4 471.9 ----- SIGW 57.5 -62.2 ----- 160.0 17.9 20121.0 477.5 ----- SIGW 52.1 -63.2 ----- 190.0 15.9 20731.0 488.8 ----- SIGT 50.5 -63.5 ----- 186.2 15.9 20922.8 492.5 ----- MAND 50.0 -62.9 ----- 185.0 15.9 20984.0 495.3 ----- SIGT 47.5 -60.5 ----- 238.4 11.4 21301.8 508.3 ----- SIGW 47.2 -60.5 ----- 245.0 10.9 21341.0 509.1 ----- SIGW 44.9 -60.9 ----- 175.0 9.9 21646.0 515.4 ----- SIGT 43.8 -61.1 ----- 211.8 11.4 21806.4 518.8 ----- SIGW 42.8 -59.9 ----- 245.0 12.8 21951.0 525.2 ----- SIGT 42.0 -58.9 ----- 254.6 12.8 22068.5 530.5 ----- SIGW 40.8 -59.3 ----- 270.0 12.8 22256.0 534.0 ----- SIGT 37.4 -60.5 ----- 261.2 13.5 22794.0 544.3 ----- SIGW 35.2 -59.3 ----- 255.0 14.0 23170.0 556.9 ----- SIGW 33.6 -58.3 ----- 300.0 15.0 23475.0 567.3 ----- SIGT 32.6 -57.7 ----- 300.0 13.7 23655.5 573.6 ----- SIGW 32.0 -57.9 ----- 300.0 12.8 23780.0 576.2 ----- SIGW 30.5 -58.5 ----- 295.0 11.8 24085.0 582.6 ----- MAND 30.0 -58.7 ----- 335.0 9.9 24179.0 584.6 ----- SIGW 29.0 -58.8 ----- 295.0 14.0 24390.0 590.0 ----- SIGT 25.3 -59.3 ----- 297.3 14.4 25248.2 612.1 ----- SIGT 23.6 -57.9 ----- 298.5 14.7 25685.5 628.5 ----- SIGW 21.7 -58.9 ----- 300.0 15.0 26219.0 640.9 ----- SIGT 21.0 -59.3 ----- 270.4 12.9 26419.3 645.6 ----- SIGW 20.7 -58.6 ----- 255.0 11.8 26524.0 650.8 ----- MAND 20.0 -57.3 ----- 270.0 11.8 26726.4 660.8 ----- SIGW 18.8 -55.7 ----- 250.0 22.0 27134.0 677.9 ----- SIGW 17.9 -54.6 ----- 275.0 28.0 27439.0 691.0 ----- SIGT 17.7 -54.3 ----- 271.8 26.7 27504.5 693.8 ----- SIGW 17.1 -54.4 ----- 260.0 22.0 27743.0 700.9 ----- SIGT 16.4 -54.5 ----- 268.2 27.3 27993.4 708.5 ----- SIGW 15.5 -52.7 ----- 280.0 35.0 28353.0 725.7 ----- SIGT 15.4 -52.5 ----- ----- ----- 28398.4 727.9 ----- SIGT 13.1 -53.5 ----- ----- ----- 29441.8 758.9 ----- SIGT 12.4 -51.7 ----- ----- ----- 29796.7 777.3 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 22 Apr 2019112 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 3.6 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 283.1 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 296.8 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 5.3 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 920 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 3.3 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 920 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 14.1 C K Index (KI) = 7.0 Lifted Index (LI) = 15.3 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 70.7 Showalter Index (ShI) = 12.8 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 33.9 Precipitable Water (PW) = 15.9 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -93 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 301 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -35246 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 319 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 400 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done