================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2017113 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS= 82 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 992.0 10.2 3.2 235.0 8.0 221.0 284.0 4.861 SIGT 976.0 7.6 -0.4 273.2 8.0 355.7 282.7 3.808 SIGT 955.0 6.6 -1.4 324.0 8.0 534.8 283.5 3.616 SIGW 946.4 6.7 -2.6 345.0 8.0 609.0 284.3 3.341 SIGT 942.0 6.8 -3.2 345.0 8.2 647.4 284.8 3.206 MAND 925.0 5.4 -3.6 345.0 8.9 796.7 284.8 3.168 SIGW 911.7 4.4 -4.3 340.0 8.9 914.0 285.0 3.049 SIGT 884.0 2.2 -5.8 8.8 13.9 1165.3 285.2 2.806 SIGW 878.1 2.3 -6.1 15.0 15.0 1219.0 285.9 2.753 SIGT 870.0 2.4 -6.6 19.3 17.2 1294.3 286.8 2.681 SIGT 858.0 3.0 -14.0 25.7 20.6 1406.7 288.5 1.509 MAND 850.0 3.4 -16.6 30.0 22.9 1482.6 289.7 1.227 SIGT 844.0 3.8 -18.2 29.2 22.2 1540.1 290.7 1.080 SIGW 814.4 2.1 -19.2 25.0 18.8 1829.0 291.9 1.029 SIGT 802.0 1.4 -19.6 20.9 20.5 1952.8 292.4 1.008 SIGW 784.1 0.9 -36.6 15.0 22.9 2134.0 293.8 0.213 SIGT 774.0 0.6 -46.4 15.0 23.3 2238.4 294.6 0.076 SIGW 754.8 -0.6 -38.1 15.0 23.9 2439.0 295.4 0.190 SIGT 738.0 -1.7 -30.7 12.0 22.7 2618.8 296.1 0.402 SIGW 726.5 -2.3 -33.1 10.0 22.0 2743.0 296.8 0.324 SIGT 707.0 -3.3 -37.3 6.3 22.7 2959.2 298.0 0.220 MAND 700.0 -3.9 -38.9 5.0 22.9 3037.8 298.2 0.189 SIGW 646.5 -9.0 -37.6 355.0 28.9 3658.0 299.2 0.233 SIGT 634.0 -10.3 -37.3 357.5 29.2 3809.9 299.5 0.245 SIGT 620.0 -11.1 -48.1 0.3 29.5 3981.7 300.5 0.079 SIGW 597.0 -13.3 -49.2 5.0 29.9 4268.0 301.2 0.073 SIGW 573.3 -15.6 -50.4 15.0 35.9 4573.0 301.9 0.068 SIGW 550.7 -18.0 -51.6 10.0 30.9 4878.0 302.7 0.063 SIGT 538.0 -19.3 -52.3 1.3 25.7 5053.9 303.1 0.061 SIGW 528.8 -19.9 -56.7 355.0 22.0 5182.0 303.8 0.038 SIGT 521.0 -20.5 -60.5 353.7 24.3 5292.2 304.5 0.025 MAND 500.0 -23.1 -65.1 350.0 30.9 5595.2 304.9 ----- SIGW 486.5 -24.7 -66.3 345.0 22.9 5792.0 305.4 ----- SIGW 466.4 -27.1 -68.0 325.0 22.9 6097.0 306.1 ----- SIGW 447.1 -29.5 -69.8 305.0 25.8 6402.0 306.8 ----- SIGT 436.0 -30.9 -70.9 308.0 25.8 6583.1 307.2 ----- SIGW 428.4 -31.3 -69.4 310.0 25.8 6707.0 308.2 ----- SIGT 420.0 -31.7 -67.7 301.3 33.1 6848.0 309.5 ----- SIGT 414.0 -32.1 -47.1 295.0 38.4 6949.7 310.2 0.1 SIGT 407.0 -32.7 -43.7 287.6 44.6 7070.0 311.0 0.2 SIGT 401.0 -32.7 -39.7 281.1 50.0 7174.7 312.3 0.3 MAND 400.0 -32.5 -39.5 280.0 50.9 7192.3 312.8 0.3 SIGW 393.0 -32.3 -39.3 280.0 51.9 7317.0 314.6 0.3 SIGT 392.0 -32.3 -39.3 278.8 52.0 7334.8 314.8 0.3 SIGT 378.0 -33.9 -40.9 262.0 54.5 7590.7 316.0 0.3 SIGW 376.4 -34.2 -41.0 260.0 54.8 7621.0 316.0 0.3 SIGT 355.0 -38.1 -41.8 257.3 58.8 8027.0 316.1 0.3 SIGT 339.0 -40.3 -46.3 255.3 62.0 8343.2 317.3 0.2 SIGT 309.0 -46.1 -52.1 251.2 68.2 8967.5 317.7 0.1 SIGW 300.8 -47.7 -54.7 250.0 69.9 9146.0 317.8 0.1 MAND 300.0 -47.9 -54.9 250.0 69.9 9163.4 317.9 0.1 TRO1 274.0 -52.9 -59.9 250.0 70.9 9755.1 319.0 0.1 SIGT 269.0 -52.9 -59.9 250.0 74.3 9874.0 320.6 0.1 MAND 250.0 -51.9 ----- 250.0 87.8 10347.8 328.9 ----- MAXW 238.0 -52.7 ----- 245.0 90.9 10664.1 332.4 ----- MAND 200.0 -55.5 ----- 250.0 82.8 11782.6 344.9 ----- SIGW 170.2 -57.3 ----- 250.0 62.9 12804.0 358.2 ----- MAND 150.0 -58.7 ----- 250.0 64.9 13603.8 369.0 ----- SIGW 140.3 -58.4 ----- 255.0 68.8 14024.0 376.5 ----- SIGW 127.4 -58.1 ----- 250.0 53.8 14634.0 387.8 ----- SIGW 121.4 -57.9 ----- 275.0 43.9 14939.0 393.5 ----- MAND 100.0 -57.1 ----- 275.0 43.9 16161.1 417.4 ----- SIGT 86.1 -59.7 ----- 264.5 39.3 17102.9 430.4 ----- SIGT 82.7 -57.3 ----- 261.7 38.0 17356.3 440.3 ----- SIGT 72.8 -57.3 ----- 252.8 34.0 18162.7 456.7 ----- MAND 70.0 -58.1 ----- 250.0 32.8 18410.3 460.1 ----- SIGT 66.8 -59.1 ----- 251.4 29.8 18704.5 464.1 ----- SIGT 64.6 -57.5 ----- 252.4 27.6 18915.3 472.1 ----- SIGT 58.2 -57.5 ----- 255.5 20.8 19574.5 486.4 ----- MAND 50.0 -60.1 ----- 260.0 10.9 20528.3 501.9 ----- SIGT 47.3 -60.5 ----- 267.5 10.6 20874.6 509.0 ----- SIGT 41.9 -56.7 ----- 284.0 9.9 21636.7 536.3 ----- SIGT 37.1 -57.7 ----- 300.6 9.2 22406.5 552.7 ----- SIGT 35.2 -55.3 ----- 307.9 8.9 22740.3 567.4 ----- SIGT 32.0 -54.1 ----- 321.1 8.3 23350.3 586.3 ----- MAND 30.0 -55.5 ----- 330.0 8.0 23763.2 593.4 ----- SIGT 27.2 -55.7 ----- 301.1 8.7 24387.8 609.7 ----- MAND 20.0 -53.1 ----- 210.0 10.9 26358.7 673.7 ----- SIGT 16.0 -51.5 ----- 232.1 15.0 27802.7 723.3 ----- SIGT 14.1 -48.3 ----- 244.7 17.3 28629.6 760.7 ----- SIGT 12.8 -43.9 ----- 254.6 19.2 29273.2 797.4 ----- MAND 10.0 -42.1 ----- 280.0 23.9 30937.9 862.4 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 23 Apr 2017113 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -2.3 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 284.2 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 293.3 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 3.4 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 827 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -4.0 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = ----- Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 13.3 C K Index (KI) = -25.1 Lifted Index (LI) = 10.7 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 76.8 Showalter Index (ShI) = 10.7 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 33.0 Precipitable Water (PW) = 5.4 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -282 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 296 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 318 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 301 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done