================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2019236 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS=116 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 999.0 12.6 10.8 80.0 1.9 221.0 285.8 8.177 SIGT 987.0 15.0 9.0 72.1 5.4 323.1 289.2 7.325 SIGT 975.0 15.0 8.0 64.1 8.8 426.8 290.3 6.925 SIGW 954.1 13.4 7.6 50.0 15.0 609.0 290.5 6.900 MAND 925.0 11.2 7.1 45.0 11.8 870.2 290.8 6.863 SIGW 920.2 10.8 6.9 50.0 12.8 914.0 290.8 6.801 SIGT 918.0 10.6 6.8 47.4 12.7 933.7 290.8 6.773 SIGT 896.0 9.2 5.4 20.9 11.4 1135.7 291.4 6.295 SIGW 887.0 8.6 3.2 10.0 10.9 1219.0 291.6 5.427 SIGT 884.0 8.4 2.4 9.1 11.0 1247.5 291.7 5.156 SIGW 854.8 6.2 0.2 360.0 11.8 1524.0 292.2 4.539 MAND 850.0 5.8 -0.2 10.0 11.8 1570.5 292.2 4.441 SIGT 846.0 5.4 -0.6 11.5 12.0 1609.1 292.2 4.333 SIGW 823.3 3.5 -1.4 20.0 12.8 1829.0 292.5 4.200 SIGW 792.9 0.9 -2.5 15.0 14.0 2134.0 292.8 4.019 SIGT 782.0 -0.1 -2.9 16.8 15.4 2246.4 293.0 3.954 SIGT 773.0 0.0 -3.0 18.4 16.6 2339.3 294.0 3.970 SIGT 772.0 0.6 -4.0 18.5 16.7 2349.7 294.8 3.687 SIGT 768.0 2.8 -13.2 19.2 17.3 2391.6 297.6 1.800 SIGT 766.0 3.4 -17.6 19.6 17.5 2412.7 298.5 1.252 SIGW 763.5 3.5 -17.8 20.0 17.9 2439.0 298.8 1.235 SIGW 735.5 4.4 -20.1 45.0 17.9 2743.0 303.0 1.056 SIGT 722.0 4.8 -21.2 43.1 17.5 2893.6 305.1 0.975 SIGT 705.0 3.2 -14.8 40.7 17.0 3087.2 305.4 1.720 MAND 700.0 3.0 -18.0 40.0 16.9 3144.9 305.8 1.325 SIGT 684.0 2.6 -28.4 40.0 18.4 3332.0 307.4 0.539 SIGT 671.0 1.8 -26.2 40.0 19.6 3486.8 308.2 0.672 SIGW 656.8 0.7 -29.5 40.0 21.0 3658.0 308.9 0.505 SIGT 628.0 -1.5 -36.5 37.1 20.3 4017.4 310.3 0.269 SIGT 619.0 -1.3 -50.3 36.1 20.1 4132.3 311.8 0.064 SIGW 608.5 -2.1 -51.1 35.0 19.8 4268.0 312.4 0.060 SIGT 601.0 -2.7 -51.7 36.6 21.1 4366.8 312.9 0.058 SIGT 592.0 -2.1 -48.1 38.6 22.7 4486.5 314.9 0.083 SIGW 585.6 -2.6 -45.6 40.0 23.9 4573.0 315.3 0.109 SIGT 577.0 -3.3 -42.3 40.0 23.5 4689.9 315.8 0.160 SIGW 563.2 -4.7 -42.2 40.0 22.9 4878.0 316.4 0.166 MAND 500.0 -11.5 -41.5 25.0 21.0 5805.3 319.0 0.201 SIGW 481.2 -14.3 -35.4 25.0 19.8 6097.0 319.1 0.392 SIGT 481.0 -14.3 -35.3 25.0 19.8 6100.8 319.1 0.395 SIGT 461.0 -17.1 -47.1 21.4 19.1 6421.2 319.5 0.118 SIGT 426.0 -22.5 -41.5 15.0 17.9 7007.4 319.9 0.236 MAND 400.0 -26.5 -47.5 10.0 16.9 7466.3 320.6 0.131 SIGW 391.4 -27.8 -48.8 5.0 17.9 7621.0 320.8 0.116 SIGT 370.0 -31.3 -52.3 3.7 18.7 8024.3 321.4 0.088 SIGW 314.7 -41.8 -54.0 360.0 21.0 9146.0 322.1 0.085 SIGT 313.0 -42.1 -54.1 360.0 21.1 9183.5 322.1 0.085 MAND 300.0 -43.7 -58.7 360.0 22.0 9469.7 323.8 0.055 SIGT 284.0 -46.3 -65.3 355.4 21.0 9836.1 325.2 ----- SIGT 269.0 -48.5 -64.5 351.0 20.1 10195.0 327.1 ----- MAND 250.0 -50.7 -66.7 345.0 18.8 10674.8 330.7 ----- TRO1 239.0 -51.3 -70.3 315.0 15.0 10967.7 334.1 ----- SIGT 236.0 -50.7 -69.7 313.9 15.5 11049.9 336.2 ----- SIGT 223.0 -51.9 -73.9 309.2 18.0 11418.3 339.9 ----- SIGT 218.0 -50.3 -72.3 307.3 19.1 11565.8 344.5 ----- SIGT 207.0 -50.3 -76.3 302.9 21.4 11903.9 349.7 ----- SIGT 205.0 -49.5 -77.5 302.1 21.8 11967.4 351.9 ----- MAND 200.0 -49.3 -80.3 300.0 22.9 12129.3 354.7 ----- SIGT 197.0 -49.3 -82.3 299.5 22.9 12228.4 356.3 ----- SIGT 192.0 -50.1 -84.1 298.6 22.9 12396.8 357.6 ----- SIGT 189.0 -49.5 -83.5 298.0 22.9 12499.8 360.2 ----- SIGT 180.0 -51.1 -85.1 296.3 22.9 12818.4 362.6 ----- SIGT 178.0 -50.7 -84.7 295.9 22.9 12891.2 364.4 ----- SIGT 170.0 -52.5 -84.7 294.3 22.9 13189.7 366.3 ----- SIGT 161.0 -51.7 -84.7 292.4 22.9 13542.0 373.4 ----- SIGT 156.0 -52.9 -84.9 291.4 22.9 13746.2 374.7 ----- MAND 150.0 -51.9 -84.9 290.0 22.9 13999.8 380.7 ----- SIGT 148.0 -51.5 -84.5 289.2 23.4 14086.9 382.8 ----- SIGT 137.0 -54.5 -84.7 284.7 26.4 14585.1 386.1 ----- SIGT 130.0 -55.7 -84.7 281.6 28.5 14920.2 389.8 ----- SIGT 123.0 -55.5 -84.7 278.4 30.6 15273.1 396.3 ----- TRO2 116.0 -57.3 -84.7 275.0 32.8 15645.2 399.7 ----- SIGT 109.0 -56.7 -84.7 285.5 29.1 16039.4 408.0 ----- SIGT 105.0 -57.9 -84.7 291.8 26.8 16275.9 410.1 ----- MAND 100.0 -57.7 -84.7 300.0 23.9 16583.7 416.3 ----- SIGT 87.0 -60.1 -84.7 292.3 18.8 17458.0 428.4 ----- SIGT 82.1 -57.5 -84.7 289.1 16.7 17822.1 440.8 ----- SIGW 76.2 -57.9 -84.7 285.0 14.0 18292.0 449.5 ----- SIGT 73.5 -58.1 -84.7 265.9 11.4 18520.3 453.7 ----- SIGT 70.1 -56.1 -84.7 240.8 8.1 18820.2 464.2 ----- MAND 70.0 -56.1 -84.7 240.0 8.0 18829.2 464.4 ----- SIGT 60.5 -58.9 -84.7 320.0 4.6 19750.8 477.9 ----- SIGW 51.8 -55.3 -84.7 45.0 1.0 20731.0 507.9 ----- SIGT 50.9 -54.9 -84.7 359.9 4.0 20845.7 511.5 ----- MAND 50.0 -55.5 -84.7 315.0 7.0 20959.6 512.7 ----- SIGW 47.1 -55.6 -84.7 25.0 15.0 21341.0 521.3 ----- SIGW 40.8 -55.9 -84.7 85.0 1.0 22256.0 542.5 ----- SIGW 38.9 -56.0 -84.7 25.0 14.0 22560.0 549.7 ----- SIGW 37.1 -56.1 -84.7 65.0 12.8 22865.0 557.0 ----- SIGT 36.8 -56.1 -84.7 65.8 12.9 22911.7 558.1 ----- SIGT 35.1 -53.1 -84.7 70.7 13.4 23214.6 573.6 ----- SIGT 30.8 -53.5 -84.7 84.5 14.9 24056.5 594.3 ----- SIGW 30.7 -53.3 -84.7 85.0 15.0 24085.0 595.5 ----- MAND 30.0 -52.5 -84.7 75.0 9.9 24226.2 601.5 ----- SIGT 28.9 -50.7 -84.7 98.3 11.4 24468.8 613.0 ----- SIGW 27.9 -50.7 -84.7 120.0 12.8 24695.0 619.2 ----- SIGW 26.6 -50.6 -84.6 135.0 10.9 25000.0 627.7 ----- SIGW 25.4 -50.5 -84.5 65.0 3.9 25304.0 636.3 ----- SIGT 24.8 -50.5 -84.5 59.7 7.4 25466.5 641.0 ----- SIGW 23.2 -49.2 -83.2 45.0 16.9 25914.0 657.4 ----- SIGT 22.8 -48.9 -82.9 56.8 15.2 26017.0 661.3 ----- SIGW 22.1 -49.2 -83.2 80.0 11.8 26219.0 666.2 ----- SIGW 21.1 -49.7 -83.7 55.0 11.8 26524.0 673.6 ----- SIGW 20.1 -50.2 -84.2 90.0 17.9 26829.0 681.1 ----- MAND 20.0 -50.3 -84.3 85.0 17.9 26875.3 682.2 ----- SIGW 18.3 -51.8 -84.9 80.0 22.9 27439.0 694.7 ----- SIGT 18.2 -51.9 -84.9 84.1 21.6 27488.9 695.9 ----- SIGW 17.5 -51.7 -84.7 105.0 15.0 27743.0 704.2 ----- SIGW 16.7 -51.5 -84.5 65.0 12.8 28048.0 714.4 ----- SIGT 16.6 -51.5 -84.5 64.4 12.8 28086.0 715.7 ----- SIGW 15.2 -48.9 -82.8 55.0 12.8 28658.0 742.5 ----- SIGW 14.5 -47.5 -81.9 30.0 10.9 28963.0 757.1 ----- SIGW 13.9 -46.1 -81.0 55.0 25.8 29268.0 772.0 ----- SIGT 13.8 -45.9 -80.9 56.4 25.6 29300.9 773.6 ----- SIGT 13.0 -47.7 -82.7 73.8 22.6 29697.0 780.7 ----- SIGW 12.1 -46.5 -81.5 95.0 18.8 30182.0 801.5 ----- SIGT 11.8 -46.1 -81.1 ----- ----- 30339.0 808.3 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 24 Aug 2019236 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 7.6 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 290.2 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 308.5 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 6.9 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 879 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 6.6 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 828 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = 774 mb Convective Temperature (CVT) = 18.4 C Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 20.0 C K Index (KI) = -3.9 Lifted Index (LI) = 11.7 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 44.7 Showalter Index (ShI) = 14.5 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 28.6 Precipitable Water (PW) = 14.5 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -28 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = 17 J/kg Convective Inhibition (CIN) = 96 J/kg Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 312 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 53 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 322 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 313 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done