================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2017328 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS= 96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 987.0 3.0 -1.9 205.0 11.8 221.0 277.2 3.371 SIGT 986.0 2.8 -2.1 205.4 12.1 229.2 277.1 3.324 SIGT 961.0 0.8 -4.2 216.1 18.5 436.5 277.1 2.914 SIGW 940.6 0.3 -3.1 225.0 23.9 609.0 278.3 3.241 MAND 925.0 0.0 -2.2 240.0 22.0 743.1 279.3 3.519 SIGT 921.0 0.0 -1.9 241.0 22.0 777.9 279.7 3.614 SIGW 905.4 -1.1 -2.5 245.0 22.0 914.0 279.9 3.510 SIGT 879.0 -2.9 -3.6 248.9 31.1 1150.3 280.4 3.335 SIGW 871.4 -3.3 -6.3 250.0 33.8 1219.0 280.7 2.739 SIGT 865.0 -3.7 -8.6 251.5 33.8 1277.4 280.9 2.308 SIGT 861.0 -3.3 -11.3 252.4 33.8 1314.1 281.7 1.871 SIGT 858.0 -1.7 -8.7 253.1 33.8 1341.8 283.6 2.309 SIGT 853.0 0.2 -1.6 254.3 33.8 1388.6 286.1 3.992 MAND 850.0 0.6 -1.3 255.0 33.8 1416.9 286.8 4.096 SIGT 840.0 1.6 -1.2 259.4 23.3 1512.2 288.8 4.176 SIGW 838.8 1.8 -1.6 260.0 22.0 1524.0 289.2 4.069 SIGT 838.0 2.0 -1.8 260.1 22.1 1531.5 289.4 4.004 SIGT 834.0 3.8 -6.2 260.8 22.7 1570.2 291.7 2.885 SIGT 831.0 4.0 -6.0 261.2 23.2 1599.6 292.2 2.940 SIGW 807.9 4.0 -6.0 265.0 26.8 1829.0 294.6 3.024 SIGT 803.0 4.0 -6.0 266.6 26.2 1878.4 295.1 3.043 SIGT 782.0 2.4 -6.6 273.7 23.4 2093.4 295.6 2.984 SIGW 778.1 2.4 -6.2 275.0 22.9 2134.0 296.0 3.085 SIGT 763.0 2.2 -4.8 282.8 23.9 2292.3 297.5 3.511 SIGT 755.0 2.2 -5.8 287.0 24.5 2377.5 298.4 3.288 SIGW 749.3 1.8 -6.2 290.0 24.9 2439.0 298.7 3.225 SIGW 721.5 0.1 -7.9 285.0 22.9 2743.0 300.0 2.928 SIGT 715.0 -0.3 -8.3 286.5 23.2 2815.5 300.3 2.861 SIGT 704.0 -0.7 -9.7 289.1 23.7 2939.6 301.2 2.602 MAND 700.0 -0.5 -10.5 290.0 23.9 2985.2 301.9 2.456 SIGT 694.0 -0.5 -12.5 290.0 25.2 3054.0 302.7 2.109 SIGT 672.0 -2.1 -17.1 290.0 30.2 3310.9 303.7 1.489 SIGW 643.1 -4.7 -16.8 290.0 36.9 3658.0 304.6 1.594 SIGT 632.0 -5.7 -16.7 288.9 36.5 3795.5 305.0 1.638 SIGW 594.7 -10.1 -17.0 285.0 35.0 4268.0 305.2 1.693 SIGT 587.0 -11.1 -17.1 284.2 35.4 4369.1 305.2 1.705 SIGT 578.0 -11.7 -16.4 283.2 36.0 4487.7 305.8 1.837 SIGT 553.0 -13.7 -20.7 280.4 37.6 4825.5 307.4 1.330 SIGW 549.2 -14.1 -21.1 280.0 37.9 4878.0 307.5 1.297 SIGT 523.0 -16.7 -23.7 277.4 39.4 5247.4 308.7 1.080 SIGT 513.0 -16.9 -26.9 276.4 40.0 5392.5 310.2 0.825 MAND 500.0 -17.5 -28.5 275.0 40.8 5585.1 311.7 0.730 SIGT 493.0 -18.3 -30.3 276.0 41.4 5690.6 312.0 0.626 SIGW 466.3 -21.6 -33.3 280.0 43.9 6097.0 313.0 0.497 SIGW 447.2 -24.0 -35.5 280.0 47.8 6402.0 313.7 0.416 SIGW 411.3 -28.9 -40.0 280.0 37.9 7012.0 315.0 0.286 MAND 400.0 -30.5 -41.5 290.0 38.9 7214.6 315.4 0.251 SIGW 394.1 -31.4 -42.1 295.0 42.9 7317.0 315.5 0.240 SIGW 377.0 -34.1 -43.8 295.0 43.9 7621.0 316.0 0.209 SIGW 301.8 -47.5 -52.3 305.0 47.8 9146.0 317.8 0.108 MAND 300.0 -47.9 -52.5 305.0 47.8 9186.9 317.9 0.107 MAND 250.0 -53.7 -67.7 315.0 58.9 10374.8 326.2 ----- SIGW 227.5 -55.9 -69.9 320.0 58.9 10975.0 331.8 ----- SIGW 206.6 -58.1 -72.1 305.0 66.8 11585.0 337.5 ----- MAND 200.0 -58.9 -72.9 315.0 62.9 11792.7 339.5 ----- SIGW 162.2 -58.9 -81.4 305.0 47.8 13109.0 360.5 ----- MAND 150.0 -58.9 -83.6 285.0 58.9 13598.7 368.6 ----- SIGW 147.1 -59.2 -83.7 290.0 68.8 13719.0 370.1 ----- MAXW 144.0 -59.6 -83.8 290.0 68.8 13852.7 371.8 ----- SIGW 127.0 -61.6 -84.3 295.0 45.8 14634.0 381.7 ----- TRO2 119.0 -62.7 -84.4 290.0 46.8 15039.2 386.9 ----- SIGW 115.1 -62.4 -84.4 290.0 49.9 15243.0 391.1 ----- MAND 100.0 -61.1 -84.4 280.0 43.9 16115.9 409.7 ----- SIGT 88.0 -63.5 -84.5 278.2 44.3 16905.7 420.1 ----- SIGT 75.7 -62.1 -84.5 276.1 44.7 17833.7 441.6 ----- SIGT 70.8 -64.5 -84.5 275.2 44.8 18245.2 445.0 ----- MAND 70.0 -64.3 -84.5 275.0 44.9 18314.7 446.8 ----- SIGT 65.6 -64.9 -84.5 277.9 42.4 18711.4 453.9 ----- SIGT 54.6 -61.1 -84.5 286.1 35.3 19841.6 487.1 ----- MAND 50.0 -64.7 -84.5 290.0 31.9 20383.8 491.0 ----- SIGT 48.6 -65.3 -84.5 289.2 33.4 20557.0 493.6 ----- SIGT 45.0 -64.5 -84.5 286.9 37.5 21026.6 506.5 ----- SIGT 41.5 -66.3 -84.5 284.5 41.8 21519.5 513.9 ----- SIGT 40.0 -63.9 -84.5 283.4 43.7 21743.9 525.4 ----- SIGT 34.4 -69.9 -84.5 279.0 51.7 22655.4 532.8 ----- SIGT 32.6 -67.9 -84.5 277.4 54.5 22977.0 546.4 ----- MAND 30.0 -67.7 -84.5 275.0 58.9 23477.2 560.1 ----- SIGT 27.3 -67.9 -84.5 273.9 61.6 24044.6 574.9 ----- SIGT 24.7 -62.7 -84.5 272.6 64.6 24654.2 606.5 ----- SIGT 22.2 -63.5 -84.5 271.3 67.8 25310.9 623.0 ----- SIGT 21.6 -61.7 -84.5 271.0 68.6 25480.0 633.2 ----- SIGT 20.4 -63.3 -84.5 270.2 70.3 25832.8 638.8 ----- MAND 20.0 -61.7 -84.5 270.0 70.9 25955.0 647.3 ----- SIGT 18.8 -63.3 -84.5 269.6 75.4 26336.9 653.9 ----- SIGT 16.9 -63.5 -84.5 268.8 83.0 26991.7 673.5 ----- SIGT 16.1 -65.3 -84.5 268.4 86.5 27288.4 677.0 ----- SIGT 12.9 -62.3 -84.5 266.9 102.3 28647.7 731.8 ----- SIGT 12.0 -64.5 -84.5 266.3 107.5 29092.1 739.3 ----- SIGT 10.9 -57.9 -84.5 265.6 114.5 29689.2 783.9 ----- MAND 10.0 -59.1 -84.5 265.0 120.8 30231.3 799.0 ----- SIGT 8.6 -60.5 -84.5 ----- ----- 31174.1 828.7 ----- SIGT 7.8 -58.3 -84.5 ----- ----- 31785.6 861.0 ----- SIGT 7.6 -54.1 -84.5 ----- ----- 31950.8 884.4 ----- SIGT 7.1 -54.5 -84.5 ----- ----- 32387.2 900.1 ----- SIGT 6.7 -50.5 -84.5 ----- ----- 32762.1 931.9 ----- SIGT 6.5 -50.1 -84.1 ----- ----- 32960.0 941.7 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 24 Nov 2017328 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -2.9 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 278.6 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 287.1 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 3.3 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 893 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -3.5 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = ----- Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 8.0 C K Index (KI) = 6.8 Lifted Index (LI) = 20.9 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 108.5 Showalter Index (ShI) = 13.1 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 34.3 Precipitable Water (PW) = 12.1 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = 93 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 291 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 318 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 302 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done