================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018116 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=104 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 982.0 5.6 5.6 225.0 12.8 221.0 280.2 5.819 SIGT 977.0 4.6 4.5 229.8 12.7 262.8 279.6 5.414 SIGT 968.0 4.2 4.0 238.6 12.5 338.3 280.0 5.274 SIGT 960.0 7.2 6.9 246.5 12.4 406.3 283.7 6.519 SIGT 955.0 8.0 7.5 251.5 12.2 449.4 284.9 6.832 SIGW 936.7 7.3 6.8 270.0 11.8 609.0 285.7 6.652 MAND 925.0 6.8 6.4 285.0 11.8 712.9 286.3 6.537 SIGW 902.6 5.8 5.2 280.0 14.0 914.0 287.3 6.173 SIGT 889.0 5.2 4.5 275.9 14.8 1038.8 287.9 5.955 SIGW 869.6 4.2 3.6 270.0 15.9 1219.0 288.7 5.698 MAND 850.0 3.2 2.6 270.0 16.9 1404.7 289.5 5.442 SIGW 806.4 0.7 0.1 270.0 15.9 1829.0 291.2 4.801 SIGT 787.0 -0.5 -1.0 273.2 17.2 2025.9 292.0 4.525 SIGW 776.4 -1.0 -1.6 275.0 17.9 2134.0 292.6 4.393 SIGT 769.0 -1.3 -2.0 275.0 17.9 2211.0 293.1 4.301 SIGT 762.0 -0.9 -2.2 275.0 17.9 2284.1 294.3 4.276 SIGT 755.0 -2.1 -3.3 275.0 17.9 2357.7 293.7 3.975 SIGW 747.3 -2.6 -3.9 275.0 17.9 2439.0 294.1 3.835 SIGW 719.1 -4.5 -6.2 260.0 22.9 2743.0 295.2 3.348 MAND 700.0 -5.9 -7.8 245.0 26.8 2955.5 296.0 3.039 SIGT 665.0 -8.5 -9.8 230.8 30.2 3355.9 297.4 2.734 SIGT 652.0 -9.9 -13.0 225.3 31.6 3508.8 297.5 2.156 SIGT 649.0 -10.5 -16.5 224.0 31.9 3544.4 297.2 1.622 SIGT 644.0 -11.1 -26.1 221.9 32.4 3603.9 297.2 0.707 SIGT 641.0 -11.1 -38.1 220.6 32.7 3639.8 297.6 0.224 SIGW 639.5 -11.0 -39.1 220.0 32.8 3658.0 297.9 0.202 SIGT 634.0 -10.7 -42.7 220.0 32.8 3724.1 299.0 0.139 SIGT 624.0 -9.3 -40.3 220.0 32.8 3846.7 302.0 0.183 SIGW 614.7 -9.6 -41.2 220.0 32.8 3963.0 302.9 0.169 SIGW 590.8 -10.4 -43.4 230.0 36.9 4268.0 305.4 0.138 SIGT 576.0 -10.9 -44.9 230.0 39.2 4463.7 307.1 0.121 SIGW 545.3 -14.2 -47.0 230.0 43.9 4878.0 308.1 0.101 MAND 500.0 -19.3 -50.3 215.0 38.9 5533.7 309.5 0.079 SIGW 463.1 -24.2 -55.9 210.0 42.9 6097.0 310.3 0.047 SIGT 452.0 -25.7 -57.7 208.3 44.3 6275.0 310.6 0.041 SIGT 430.0 -27.9 -58.9 204.9 47.0 6635.2 312.2 0.037 SIGT 424.0 -27.9 -45.9 203.9 47.8 6736.1 313.5 0.147 SIGT 416.0 -29.1 -42.1 202.6 48.8 6872.7 313.6 0.227 MAND 400.0 -31.1 -46.1 200.0 50.9 7152.0 314.6 0.152 SIGT 399.0 -31.3 -45.3 199.6 50.9 7169.8 314.5 0.167 SIGT 378.0 -34.9 -42.9 191.5 51.7 7550.1 314.7 0.229 SIGW 374.2 -35.4 -42.7 190.0 51.9 7621.0 315.0 0.237 SIGW 358.1 -37.5 -41.6 185.0 52.8 7926.0 316.1 0.278 SIGT 355.0 -37.9 -41.4 185.0 53.3 7985.7 316.4 0.286 SIGT 317.0 -43.9 -51.9 185.0 59.8 8756.2 318.4 0.107 MAND 300.0 -46.9 -55.9 185.0 62.9 9124.1 319.3 0.073 SIGW 299.0 -47.0 -56.0 185.0 63.9 9146.0 319.4 0.072 SIGT 297.0 -47.3 -56.3 186.5 64.5 9190.7 319.6 0.071 SIGT 289.0 -48.7 -56.7 192.4 66.8 9370.8 320.1 0.070 SIGW 285.5 -48.8 -57.6 195.0 67.8 9451.0 321.1 0.065 MAXW 285.0 -48.8 -57.7 195.0 67.8 9462.4 321.3 0.064 SIGT 272.0 -49.1 -61.1 193.2 63.1 9769.2 325.1 0.046 SIGT 259.0 -50.7 -65.7 191.3 58.3 10089.5 327.4 ----- SIGT 251.0 -48.9 -64.9 190.2 55.2 10294.9 333.0 ----- MAND 250.0 -49.1 -65.1 190.0 54.8 10321.1 333.1 ----- SIGT 237.0 -51.7 -67.7 196.0 50.2 10669.6 334.3 ----- SIGT 204.0 -53.7 -72.7 212.8 37.6 11638.2 345.8 ----- MAND 200.0 -54.7 -73.7 215.0 35.9 11765.2 346.2 ----- TRO1 195.0 -55.7 -74.7 215.0 35.0 11926.9 347.1 ----- SIGT 188.0 -55.5 -74.5 245.4 38.3 12159.9 351.1 ----- SIGW 187.0 -55.0 -74.3 250.0 38.9 12195.0 352.5 ----- SIGT 182.0 -52.3 -73.3 255.7 34.3 12368.3 359.5 ----- SIGW 178.3 -52.9 -73.9 260.0 30.9 12500.0 360.6 ----- SIGT 175.0 -53.5 -74.5 250.0 26.5 12621.4 361.6 ----- SIGT 171.0 -52.5 -74.5 237.7 21.0 12770.6 365.7 ----- SIGW 170.1 -52.6 -74.6 235.0 19.8 12804.0 366.1 ----- SIGT 165.0 -52.9 -74.9 222.1 24.3 13001.3 368.8 ----- SIGW 162.3 -53.4 -75.7 215.0 26.8 13109.0 369.6 ----- SIGT 154.0 -55.1 -78.1 231.6 25.5 13444.3 372.3 ----- MAND 150.0 -54.1 -78.1 240.0 24.9 13612.9 376.9 ----- SIGW 147.5 -53.4 -76.6 240.0 24.9 13719.0 379.8 ----- SIGT 147.0 -53.3 -76.3 240.0 25.0 13742.8 380.4 ----- SIGT 138.0 -56.3 -80.3 240.0 27.7 14147.0 382.1 ----- SIGT 132.0 -55.1 -80.1 240.0 29.6 14430.2 389.1 ----- SIGT 127.0 -55.3 -80.3 240.0 31.2 14676.8 393.1 ----- SIGT 121.0 -56.5 -81.5 240.0 33.3 14984.9 396.4 ----- SIGT 118.0 -55.1 -80.1 240.0 34.3 15144.8 401.8 ----- SIGW 116.2 -55.6 -80.6 240.0 35.0 15243.0 402.7 ----- SIGT 109.0 -57.7 -82.7 242.1 35.4 15648.7 406.1 ----- MAND 100.0 -56.7 -81.7 245.0 35.9 16194.0 418.2 ----- SIGT 88.9 -59.5 -83.5 243.3 31.6 16935.4 426.9 ----- SIGT 79.9 -60.1 -84.1 241.8 27.7 17602.6 438.9 ----- SIGT 76.4 -58.5 -83.5 241.2 26.1 17883.3 447.9 ----- SIGT 70.9 -61.3 -84.3 240.2 23.4 18350.1 451.6 ----- MAND 70.0 -60.9 -84.9 240.0 22.9 18429.5 454.1 ----- SIGT 68.4 -61.1 -85.1 239.9 22.8 18573.2 456.7 ----- SIGT 62.5 -56.9 -82.9 239.3 22.5 19139.3 477.9 ----- SIGT 52.1 -58.7 -83.7 238.3 21.8 20287.7 499.3 ----- MAND 50.0 -57.3 -83.3 238.0 21.7 20547.1 508.5 ----- SIGT 47.0 -55.3 -81.3 237.7 21.5 20940.2 522.3 ----- SIGT 41.9 -57.9 -82.9 237.0 21.0 21669.1 533.3 ----- SIGT 36.3 -54.7 -81.7 236.1 20.5 22580.7 563.9 ----- MAND 30.0 -55.5 -81.5 235.0 19.8 23798.6 593.4 ----- SIGT 24.3 -56.7 -83.7 255.7 20.9 25138.7 626.7 ----- SIGT 22.5 -55.1 -82.1 263.2 21.3 25628.6 645.4 ----- SIGT 21.0 -51.3 -80.3 270.1 21.7 26073.3 669.8 ----- MAND 20.0 -50.7 -80.7 275.0 22.0 26390.9 681.0 ----- SIGT 18.9 -51.1 -80.1 273.4 22.4 26759.3 690.9 ----- SIGT 17.8 -48.9 -79.9 271.7 23.0 27151.3 709.8 ----- SIGT 13.4 -49.1 -80.1 263.5 25.4 29016.2 769.2 ----- SIGT 12.2 -45.9 -78.9 260.8 26.2 29636.6 801.4 ----- SIGT 11.3 -47.1 -80.1 258.6 26.9 30145.5 814.8 ----- MAND 10.0 -45.1 -80.1 255.0 28.0 30958.6 851.2 ----- SIGT 8.9 -41.9 -77.9 ----- ----- 31742.7 892.4 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 26 Apr 2018116 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 5.8 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 285.1 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 301.3 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 6.2 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 925 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 5.7 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 925 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 15.5 C K Index (KI) = 23.2 Lifted Index (LI) = 8.8 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 104.0 Showalter Index (ShI) = 6.9 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 44.4 Precipitable Water (PW) = 16.4 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -225 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 307 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 61 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 319 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 317 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done