================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018147 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=151 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 984.0 24.0 15.0 250.0 4.9 221.0 298.5 10.978 SIGT 981.0 23.2 13.2 249.3 5.3 247.7 298.0 9.779 SIGT 960.0 21.6 12.6 244.5 8.2 436.2 298.2 9.606 SIGT 953.0 21.8 11.8 242.8 9.2 499.8 299.0 9.173 SIGT 946.0 23.2 8.2 241.2 10.2 564.0 301.1 7.238 SIGW 941.1 23.0 9.2 240.0 10.9 609.0 301.3 7.778 SIGT 938.0 22.8 9.8 240.0 10.9 638.0 301.4 8.145 SIGT 930.0 22.6 5.6 240.0 10.9 712.6 302.0 6.148 MAND 925.0 22.4 5.4 240.0 10.9 759.5 302.2 6.095 SIGT 918.0 21.8 7.8 235.7 11.3 825.5 302.3 7.259 SIGT 912.0 21.6 4.6 232.0 11.7 882.3 302.6 5.844 SIGW 908.6 21.4 4.4 230.0 11.8 914.0 302.7 5.788 SIGW 877.0 19.0 2.6 200.0 10.9 1219.0 303.3 5.263 SIGT 854.0 17.2 1.2 200.0 7.6 1447.4 303.8 4.896 MAND 850.0 16.8 0.8 200.0 7.0 1487.5 303.8 4.778 SIGW 816.2 13.8 0.2 245.0 8.9 1829.0 304.1 4.770 SIGW 787.2 11.1 -0.3 280.0 3.9 2134.0 304.4 4.762 SIGT 782.0 10.6 -0.4 272.6 3.5 2190.3 304.4 4.760 SIGW 758.8 8.9 -2.1 240.0 1.9 2439.0 305.2 4.311 SIGW 731.4 6.7 -4.3 120.0 5.8 2743.0 306.1 3.810 SIGT 720.0 5.8 -5.2 111.0 5.5 2873.0 306.4 3.610 MAND 700.0 3.6 -5.4 95.0 4.9 3102.9 306.5 3.658 SIGT 691.0 2.6 -5.4 91.2 6.0 3207.9 306.5 3.706 SIGW 653.4 -0.5 -8.5 75.0 10.9 3658.0 308.0 3.093 SIGT 641.0 -1.5 -9.5 42.3 10.6 3811.4 308.5 2.905 SIGT 612.0 -2.1 -8.1 323.7 10.0 4180.3 311.9 3.397 SIGW 605.3 -2.7 -8.1 305.0 9.9 4268.0 312.3 3.435 SIGT 600.0 -3.1 -8.1 308.4 10.6 4337.6 312.5 3.466 SIGT 585.0 -2.9 -10.9 318.3 12.5 4538.4 315.0 2.848 SIGW 582.4 -3.2 -10.8 320.0 12.8 4573.0 315.1 2.877 SIGT 563.0 -5.3 -10.3 289.2 16.4 4841.1 315.7 3.105 SIGW 560.4 -5.2 -10.2 285.0 16.9 4878.0 316.3 3.158 SIGT 556.0 -4.9 -9.9 284.0 17.7 4939.6 317.3 3.247 SIGT 547.0 -4.7 -11.7 281.9 19.5 5068.1 319.0 2.857 SIGW 539.1 -5.7 -11.6 280.0 21.0 5182.0 319.2 2.934 SIGT 526.0 -7.3 -11.3 278.4 22.3 5375.1 319.5 3.069 SIGT 518.0 -8.1 -13.1 277.3 23.0 5494.5 319.9 2.694 MAND 500.0 -10.1 -13.4 275.0 24.9 5768.6 320.7 2.724 SIGT 495.0 -10.9 -14.2 273.8 25.6 5846.1 320.7 2.577 SIGT 488.0 -11.3 -21.3 272.2 26.6 5955.6 321.5 1.431 SIGT 484.0 -11.9 -15.6 271.2 27.2 6018.7 321.5 2.347 SIGW 479.1 -12.5 -16.8 270.0 28.0 6097.0 321.7 2.139 SIGT 476.0 -12.9 -17.6 270.2 28.3 6146.2 321.8 2.017 SIGT 470.0 -13.5 -19.5 270.6 29.0 6243.0 322.2 1.737 SIGT 453.0 -14.9 -20.9 271.7 31.1 6522.8 323.9 1.597 SIGT 448.0 -14.9 -27.9 272.1 31.7 6606.8 324.9 0.862 SIGT 444.0 -15.1 -29.1 272.4 32.2 6674.7 325.5 0.778 SIGT 431.0 -17.1 -32.1 273.3 33.8 6898.6 325.7 0.603 SIGT 419.0 -18.1 -43.1 274.2 35.4 7110.1 327.1 0.202 SIGW 407.5 -19.8 -38.8 275.0 36.9 7317.0 327.5 0.327 SIGT 402.0 -20.7 -36.7 271.3 37.6 7418.1 327.6 0.411 MAND 400.0 -21.1 -38.1 270.0 37.9 7455.0 327.6 0.359 SIGW 391.1 -22.4 -45.9 275.0 39.8 7621.0 328.0 0.159 SIGT 385.0 -23.3 -51.3 274.2 40.2 7736.1 328.3 0.094 SIGT 380.0 -23.7 -49.7 273.6 40.5 7831.7 329.0 0.109 SIGT 377.0 -23.9 -33.9 273.2 40.7 7889.6 329.5 0.579 SIGT 375.0 -24.3 -32.3 273.0 40.8 7928.4 329.4 0.680 SIGT 369.0 -25.1 -32.1 272.2 41.2 8045.9 329.9 0.704 SIGT 356.0 -26.5 -36.5 270.5 42.1 8306.0 331.4 0.474 SIGT 349.0 -28.1 -38.1 269.6 42.6 8449.0 331.1 0.411 SIGT 338.0 -29.9 -37.9 268.1 43.3 8678.2 331.7 0.433 SIGT 321.0 -32.5 -43.5 265.7 44.5 9044.1 333.1 0.252 SIGW 316.4 -33.2 -43.2 265.0 44.9 9146.0 333.5 0.263 SIGT 307.0 -34.7 -42.7 265.0 45.4 9357.2 334.3 0.288 MAND 300.0 -35.9 -45.9 265.0 45.8 9518.0 334.8 0.207 SIGT 296.0 -36.5 -48.5 265.0 46.3 9611.2 335.2 0.159 SIGT 291.0 -37.7 -51.7 265.0 46.8 9729.0 335.2 0.119 SIGT 283.0 -39.3 -47.3 265.0 47.6 9920.7 335.5 0.189 SIGW 253.2 -46.1 -52.3 265.0 50.9 10670.0 336.3 0.129 MAND 250.0 -46.9 -52.9 265.0 50.9 10756.5 336.4 0.123 SIGT 249.0 -46.9 -52.9 265.0 51.9 10783.1 336.7 0.123 SIGT 240.0 -48.7 -61.7 265.0 60.7 11026.2 337.6 0.050 SIGT 236.0 -49.5 -63.5 265.0 64.7 11136.6 338.0 ----- SIGT 232.0 -50.7 -64.7 265.0 68.8 11248.3 337.8 ----- SIGW 230.9 -50.9 -64.2 265.0 69.9 11280.0 338.0 ----- MAXW 228.0 -51.5 -62.9 265.0 69.9 11361.2 338.3 0.0 SIGT 223.0 -52.5 -60.5 264.1 69.4 11505.1 338.9 0.1 SIGT 206.0 -56.5 -69.5 261.1 67.5 12013.2 340.4 ----- SIGT 202.0 -57.9 -69.9 260.4 67.1 12137.2 340.1 ----- MAND 200.0 -57.9 -69.9 260.0 66.8 12200.0 341.1 ----- SIGW 190.7 -59.3 -70.5 265.0 68.8 12500.0 343.5 ----- SIGT 188.0 -59.7 -70.7 266.0 66.8 12588.6 344.3 ----- SIGT 177.0 -62.3 -73.3 270.1 58.7 12963.4 346.0 ----- SIGT 173.0 -61.7 -73.7 271.6 55.7 13104.8 349.3 ----- SIGW 164.5 -63.8 -75.8 275.0 49.0 13414.0 350.8 ----- TRO1 164.0 -63.9 -75.9 275.0 49.0 13434.1 350.9 ----- SIGT 162.0 -62.9 -75.9 277.7 47.8 13509.5 353.9 ----- SIGT 157.0 -62.5 -78.5 284.8 45.0 13702.9 357.7 ----- MAND 150.0 -63.3 -81.3 295.0 40.8 13983.8 361.1 ----- SIGT 147.0 -63.1 -81.1 293.2 35.4 14108.1 363.5 ----- SIGT 142.0 -64.5 -83.5 290.1 26.2 14320.4 364.7 ----- SIGW 141.8 -64.5 -83.5 290.0 25.8 14329.0 364.8 ----- SIGT 134.0 -64.7 -83.7 288.1 26.6 14674.8 370.4 ----- SIGT 130.0 -63.5 -83.7 287.1 27.1 14860.4 375.8 ----- SIGT 126.0 -64.9 -83.6 286.0 27.5 15051.7 376.6 ----- SIGW 122.1 -64.1 -83.2 285.0 28.0 15243.0 381.4 ----- SIGT 115.0 -62.7 -82.9 298.5 27.6 15612.1 390.7 ----- SIGT 109.0 -63.9 -82.7 310.6 27.3 15941.6 394.4 ----- SIGT 103.0 -63.1 -82.6 323.4 27.0 16289.4 402.4 ----- MAND 100.0 -64.5 -82.5 330.0 26.8 16470.7 403.1 ----- SIGT 87.8 -61.9 -82.4 332.6 14.7 17271.1 423.6 ----- SIGW 78.2 -62.8 -82.3 335.0 3.9 17987.0 436.0 ----- SIGT 75.5 -63.1 -82.3 317.3 5.3 18202.7 439.8 ----- SIGW 74.4 -62.9 -82.3 310.0 5.8 18292.0 441.9 ----- MAND 70.0 -62.3 -82.3 310.0 8.9 18669.1 451.1 ----- SIGW 64.2 -60.1 -82.3 300.0 15.0 19207.0 467.3 ----- SIGT 61.8 -59.1 -82.3 317.5 15.0 19444.7 474.6 ----- SIGW 58.2 -60.2 -82.3 345.0 15.0 19817.0 480.2 ----- SIGT 56.7 -60.7 -82.3 345.0 16.0 19982.9 482.8 ----- SIGW 55.5 -60.5 -82.3 345.0 16.9 20121.0 486.3 ----- SIGW 52.8 -60.0 -82.3 360.0 15.0 20426.0 494.3 ----- SIGT 50.1 -59.5 -82.3 311.8 7.3 20755.4 503.0 ----- MAND 50.0 -59.5 -82.3 310.0 7.0 20768.0 503.3 ----- SIGW 47.9 -57.6 -82.3 20.0 10.9 21036.0 514.0 ----- SIGT 47.0 -56.7 -82.3 20.0 8.1 21157.8 519.0 ----- SIGW 45.7 -57.2 -82.3 20.0 3.9 21341.0 522.0 ----- SIGT 44.1 -57.9 -82.3 16.4 8.9 21560.7 525.6 ----- SIGW 43.5 -57.2 -82.3 15.0 10.9 21646.0 529.4 ----- SIGT 41.2 -54.3 -82.3 326.6 10.9 21993.3 544.9 ----- SIGW 39.5 -54.9 -82.3 290.0 10.9 22256.0 549.7 ----- SIGT 38.1 -55.5 -82.3 327.0 12.1 22493.5 554.2 ----- SIGW 36.0 -54.0 -82.3 25.0 14.0 22865.0 567.2 ----- SIGT 34.4 -52.9 -82.3 43.6 12.0 23148.9 577.4 ----- SIGW 34.3 -52.9 -82.3 45.0 11.8 23170.0 577.9 ----- MAND 30.0 -53.1 -82.3 315.0 2.9 24031.7 599.9 ----- SIGW 28.4 -52.3 -82.3 95.0 4.9 24390.0 611.5 ----- SIGW 27.1 -51.7 -82.3 150.0 12.8 24695.0 621.6 ----- SIGW 24.7 -50.4 -82.3 0.0 0.0 25304.0 642.2 ----- SIGW 22.5 -49.1 -82.3 75.0 12.8 25914.0 663.5 ----- SIGW 21.4 -48.4 -82.3 115.0 12.8 26219.0 674.4 ----- SIGT 21.3 -48.3 -82.3 115.5 12.3 26264.1 676.1 ----- MAND 20.0 -48.5 -82.5 120.0 8.0 26678.8 687.8 ----- SIGT 18.7 -48.3 -82.3 102.5 11.5 27121.4 701.7 ----- SIGW 17.8 -46.2 -80.8 90.0 14.0 27439.0 718.0 ----- SIGW 17.0 -44.2 -79.4 180.0 15.9 27743.0 733.9 ----- SIGW 16.3 -42.1 -78.0 190.0 10.9 28048.0 750.2 ----- SIGT 16.2 -41.9 -77.9 183.6 11.1 28080.4 751.9 ----- SIGW 15.6 -42.3 -78.3 130.0 12.8 28353.0 759.2 ----- SIGW 14.9 -42.8 -78.8 350.0 1.0 28658.0 767.4 ----- SIGW 13.6 -43.8 -79.8 115.0 19.8 29268.0 784.2 ----- SIGT 13.5 -43.9 -79.9 109.4 17.5 29310.5 785.3 ----- SIGW 13.0 -42.1 -78.5 75.0 2.9 29573.0 800.2 ----- SIGW 12.4 -40.1 -76.8 30.0 12.8 29878.0 817.7 ----- SIGT 12.1 -38.9 -75.9 56.0 12.8 30053.9 828.0 ----- SIGW 11.9 -39.7 -76.4 75.0 12.8 30182.0 829.5 ----- SIGT 11.4 -41.5 -77.5 72.6 15.0 30460.7 832.9 ----- SIGT 10.8 -38.1 -76.1 69.5 17.8 30830.4 858.3 ----- MAND 10.0 -38.9 -75.9 65.0 22.0 31359.5 874.4 ----- SIGT 7.7 -36.9 -74.9 ----- ----- 33161.1 950.3 ----- SIGT 7.3 -37.9 -75.9 ----- ----- 33529.6 960.8 ----- SIGT 6.3 -34.1 -73.1 ----- ----- 34553.4 1018.3 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 27 May 2018147 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 8.2 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 300.9 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 320.8 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 7.3 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 763 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 5.3 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 763 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 30.6 C K Index (KI) = 18.7 Lifted Index (LI) = 5.6 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 48.6 Showalter Index (ShI) = 7.8 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 37.8 Precipitable Water (PW) = 23.6 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -136 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 325 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 27 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 335 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 307 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done