================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018148 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=142 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 987.0 26.6 18.6 245.0 9.9 221.0 300.9 13.817 SIGT 985.0 26.2 17.2 245.5 9.7 238.9 300.7 12.654 SIGT 965.0 23.8 14.8 250.1 7.3 419.4 300.0 11.052 SIGW 944.2 22.2 14.7 255.0 4.9 609.0 300.2 11.223 MAND 925.0 20.6 14.6 280.0 4.9 788.3 300.4 11.388 SIGW 911.6 19.4 14.3 295.0 3.9 914.0 300.4 11.322 SIGT 887.0 17.2 13.7 298.9 7.0 1149.8 300.5 11.199 SIGW 879.9 17.2 12.7 300.0 8.0 1219.0 301.2 10.578 SIGT 879.0 17.2 12.6 298.9 7.9 1227.3 301.3 10.506 SIGT 857.0 15.4 11.4 269.5 7.2 1443.7 301.6 9.947 MAND 850.0 15.2 10.2 260.0 7.0 1513.4 302.1 9.248 SIGW 818.9 13.8 6.4 260.0 12.8 1829.0 303.8 7.388 SIGT 811.0 13.4 5.4 273.4 13.1 1910.9 304.3 6.962 SIGW 789.8 11.8 5.6 310.0 14.0 2134.0 304.9 7.240 SIGT 787.0 11.6 5.6 310.0 14.1 2163.4 305.0 7.278 SIGW 761.4 9.8 3.3 310.0 15.0 2439.0 305.9 6.382 SIGT 735.0 7.8 0.8 295.5 12.9 2732.2 306.8 5.532 SIGW 734.0 7.7 0.6 295.0 12.8 2743.0 306.9 5.468 SIGT 720.0 7.0 -2.0 299.1 15.3 2902.2 307.8 4.596 MAND 700.0 5.4 -3.6 305.0 18.8 3133.4 308.5 4.194 SIGT 688.0 4.6 -5.4 309.0 19.7 3274.7 309.1 3.722 SIGT 664.0 3.0 -7.0 317.3 21.4 3563.4 310.5 3.410 SIGW 656.3 2.2 -5.5 320.0 22.0 3658.0 310.6 3.885 SIGT 654.0 2.0 -5.0 317.7 21.7 3686.3 310.7 4.038 SIGT 636.0 0.8 -9.2 299.2 19.4 3911.3 311.8 2.998 SIGW 631.9 0.4 -9.6 295.0 18.8 3963.0 312.0 2.932 SIGT 617.0 -0.9 -10.9 298.1 18.2 4154.4 312.6 2.700 SIGW 608.3 -2.1 -10.3 300.0 17.9 4268.0 312.5 2.869 SIGT 602.0 -2.9 -9.9 300.0 17.9 4350.4 312.5 2.997 SIGT 600.0 -2.9 -10.9 300.0 17.9 4376.8 312.8 2.777 SIGT 597.0 -2.5 -20.5 300.0 17.9 4416.5 313.7 1.254 SIGT 595.0 -2.5 -24.5 300.0 17.9 4443.2 314.0 0.884 SIGT 573.0 -3.9 -32.9 300.0 17.9 4741.3 315.7 0.420 SIGT 567.0 -4.7 -17.7 300.0 17.9 4824.3 315.8 1.678 SIGW 563.1 -4.9 -24.1 300.0 17.9 4878.0 316.1 0.964 SIGT 559.0 -5.1 -31.1 303.8 18.5 4936.0 316.6 0.511 SIGT 551.0 -5.9 -23.9 311.3 19.6 5049.1 316.9 1.007 SIGT 543.0 -5.7 -35.7 318.8 20.8 5163.7 318.5 0.337 SIGW 541.7 -5.8 -33.7 320.0 21.0 5182.0 318.6 0.410 SIGT 537.0 -6.3 -26.3 317.7 20.3 5250.7 318.8 0.832 SIGW 521.0 -7.6 -27.6 310.0 17.9 5487.0 320.0 0.762 SIGT 510.0 -8.5 -28.5 315.4 18.9 5652.6 320.9 0.716 SIGT 502.0 -8.1 -47.1 319.5 19.7 5775.4 322.8 0.109 SIGW 500.9 -8.2 -49.9 320.0 19.8 5792.0 322.9 0.081 MAND 500.0 -8.3 -52.3 320.0 19.8 5806.4 322.9 0.065 SIGT 496.0 -8.7 -54.7 320.0 19.8 5868.6 323.2 0.050 SIGW 481.3 -10.8 -53.2 320.0 19.8 6097.0 323.4 0.062 SIGW 444.2 -16.4 -49.0 320.0 22.0 6707.0 323.8 0.100 SIGT 431.0 -18.5 -47.5 312.5 23.8 6937.0 324.0 0.121 SIGW 409.4 -21.3 -55.8 300.0 26.8 7317.0 325.2 0.054 MAND 400.0 -22.5 -59.5 300.0 26.8 7489.6 325.8 0.037 SIGW 392.9 -23.5 -59.9 300.0 26.8 7621.0 326.2 0.036 SIGT 387.0 -24.3 -60.3 300.0 27.0 7731.4 326.5 0.035 SIGW 360.9 -28.7 -61.4 300.0 28.0 8231.0 327.2 0.034 SIGT 333.0 -33.7 -62.7 276.4 26.9 8806.5 328.0 0.032 SIGW 331.3 -33.9 -62.9 275.0 26.8 8841.0 328.1 0.032 SIGW 317.1 -36.0 -65.0 275.0 30.9 9146.0 329.3 ----- MAND 300.0 -38.7 -67.7 265.0 36.9 9531.1 330.8 ----- SIGW 290.3 -40.4 -68.7 265.0 37.9 9756.0 331.6 ----- SIGT 286.0 -41.1 -69.1 264.5 40.5 9857.7 332.0 ----- SIGT 277.0 -41.3 -70.3 263.4 46.1 10075.0 334.7 ----- SIGT 267.0 -42.5 -72.5 262.2 52.5 10324.1 336.5 ----- MAND 250.0 -46.7 -74.7 260.0 63.9 10764.7 336.7 ----- SIGT 245.0 -47.7 -74.7 261.4 65.5 10898.5 337.1 ----- MAXW 232.0 -49.9 -67.5 265.0 69.9 11256.5 339.0 ----- SIGT 230.0 -50.3 -66.3 265.0 69.3 11313.4 339.3 ----- SIGT 208.0 -55.5 -70.5 265.0 62.5 11962.3 341.0 ----- MAND 200.0 -56.5 -73.5 265.0 59.8 12211.8 343.3 ----- SIGW 191.1 -57.0 -74.5 260.0 54.8 12500.0 346.9 ----- SIGT 181.0 -57.7 -75.7 265.6 47.7 12843.7 351.3 ----- SIGT 176.0 -57.3 -76.3 268.5 44.0 13020.8 354.8 ----- SIGW 165.4 -58.6 -77.6 275.0 35.9 13414.0 359.0 ----- SIGT 163.0 -58.9 -77.9 273.5 35.6 13504.3 360.0 ----- SIGT 159.0 -58.1 -78.1 271.0 35.2 13660.5 363.9 ----- SIGW 157.5 -58.4 -78.4 270.0 35.0 13719.0 364.3 ----- SIGT 152.0 -59.7 -79.7 259.0 37.8 13943.2 365.9 ----- SIGW 150.1 -58.9 -78.9 255.0 38.9 14024.0 368.5 ----- MAND 150.0 -58.9 -78.9 255.0 39.8 14026.2 368.6 ----- SIGT 149.0 -58.9 -78.9 257.4 39.4 14068.2 369.3 ----- SIGW 136.0 -61.9 -81.3 290.0 33.8 14634.0 373.8 ----- SIGW 129.5 -63.5 -82.6 270.0 28.0 14939.0 376.3 ----- TRO2 127.0 -64.1 -83.1 275.0 30.9 15058.9 377.2 ----- SIGT 125.0 -63.3 -83.3 277.6 28.2 15156.4 380.4 ----- SIGW 123.2 -63.8 -83.8 280.0 25.8 15243.0 381.1 ----- SIGT 122.0 -64.1 -84.1 279.0 26.3 15305.5 381.6 ----- SIGW 117.3 -63.0 -83.7 275.0 28.0 15548.0 387.9 ----- SIGT 115.0 -62.5 -83.5 277.0 26.4 15668.8 391.0 ----- SIGT 112.0 -63.3 -83.3 279.6 24.2 15831.6 392.5 ----- SIGW 111.6 -63.3 -83.4 280.0 23.9 15853.0 392.9 ----- SIGT 108.0 -63.1 -84.1 290.5 24.5 16055.4 397.0 ----- SIGT 104.0 -64.5 -84.5 302.5 25.1 16286.9 398.6 ----- MAND 100.0 -64.3 -84.4 315.0 25.8 16526.8 403.5 ----- SIGT 93.6 -62.7 -83.7 326.9 18.2 16933.1 414.4 ----- SIGW 87.0 -64.6 -84.1 340.0 9.9 17378.0 419.2 ----- SIGT 84.1 -65.5 -84.2 298.4 16.1 17588.6 421.6 ----- SIGW 82.8 -65.5 -84.2 280.0 18.8 17682.0 423.5 ----- SIGW 74.9 -65.2 -84.3 330.0 14.0 18292.0 436.4 ----- SIGT 73.5 -65.1 -84.3 335.8 12.8 18409.1 439.0 ----- SIGW 71.3 -64.1 -84.3 345.0 10.9 18597.0 445.0 ----- MAND 70.0 -63.5 -84.3 335.0 11.8 18707.7 448.6 ----- SIGW 67.8 -62.5 -84.3 335.0 14.0 18902.0 454.8 ----- SIGT 65.3 -61.3 -84.3 346.6 17.0 19136.9 462.4 ----- SIGW 64.6 -61.2 -84.3 350.0 17.9 19207.0 464.0 ----- SIGW 61.5 -61.0 -84.3 15.0 16.9 19512.0 471.2 ----- SIGW 58.5 -60.7 -84.3 15.0 12.8 19817.0 478.4 ----- SIGT 54.6 -60.3 -84.3 12.6 7.2 20250.4 488.9 ----- SIGT 51.7 -57.9 -83.9 10.8 2.8 20592.7 502.2 ----- SIGW 50.6 -58.7 -84.7 10.0 1.0 20731.0 503.5 ----- MAND 50.0 -59.1 -85.1 5.0 1.9 20803.0 504.2 ----- SIGT 46.5 -58.9 -85.0 335.4 7.0 21258.4 515.3 ----- SIGW 45.9 -58.4 -85.0 330.0 8.0 21341.0 518.4 ----- SIGT 44.1 -56.9 -84.9 31.9 13.7 21592.6 528.0 ----- SIGW 43.7 -56.9 -84.9 45.0 15.0 21646.0 529.3 ----- SIGT 41.1 -56.9 -84.9 65.3 12.8 22039.0 538.8 ----- SIGT 38.7 -53.7 -84.7 85.2 10.8 22423.1 556.3 ----- SIGT 36.3 -55.3 -84.5 106.4 8.6 22833.3 562.4 ----- SIGT 34.2 -52.7 -84.3 126.2 6.5 23215.9 578.9 ----- MAND 30.0 -52.7 -84.1 170.0 1.9 24062.3 601.0 ----- SIGW 28.5 -52.0 -83.9 315.0 8.9 24390.0 611.8 ----- SIGW 27.2 -51.3 -83.7 320.0 15.0 24695.0 621.9 ----- SIGW 23.7 -49.2 -83.0 0.0 0.0 25609.0 653.5 ----- SIGT 23.2 -48.9 -82.9 11.0 1.1 25737.0 658.0 ----- SIGT 21.4 -49.5 -83.5 56.7 5.9 26266.9 671.6 ----- MAND 20.0 -48.1 -82.1 95.0 9.9 26711.7 689.0 ----- SIGW 18.8 -47.6 -81.9 125.0 11.8 27134.0 703.2 ----- SIGW 17.9 -47.3 -81.7 125.0 21.0 27439.0 713.6 ----- SIGW 16.3 -46.6 -81.4 85.0 16.9 28048.0 734.9 ----- SIGT 15.8 -46.3 -81.3 96.0 16.2 28272.3 742.9 ----- SIGW 15.6 -45.3 -80.3 100.0 15.9 28353.0 748.8 ----- SIGT 15.5 -44.7 -79.7 103.5 15.9 28400.2 752.3 ----- SIGT 14.7 -46.1 -81.1 129.6 15.3 28753.8 759.1 ----- SIGW 14.2 -45.4 -80.7 145.0 15.0 28963.0 768.4 ----- SIGW 13.6 -44.3 -80.0 140.0 12.8 29268.0 782.3 ----- SIGT 13.3 -43.7 -79.7 109.5 16.4 29423.2 789.4 ----- SIGW 13.0 -43.8 -79.8 80.0 19.8 29573.0 794.0 ----- SIGT 12.0 -44.3 -80.3 102.2 13.6 30113.8 810.8 ----- SIGW 11.9 -44.0 -80.0 105.0 12.8 30182.0 814.4 ----- SIGT 11.1 -41.7 -77.7 93.2 12.1 30639.6 838.5 ----- SIGT 10.2 -42.7 -78.7 78.5 11.1 31211.8 855.3 ----- MAND 10.0 -41.7 -77.7 75.0 10.9 31345.8 863.9 ----- SIGT 8.6 -37.7 -75.7 ----- ----- 32377.5 917.6 ----- SIGT 7.1 -35.7 -73.7 ----- ----- 33705.4 977.5 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 28 May 2018148 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 14.8 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 300.3 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 330.9 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 11.4 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 847 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 13.2 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 667 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = 338 mb Convective Temperature (CVT) = 37.7 C Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 28.2 C K Index (KI) = 24.7 Lifted Index (LI) = 2.3 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 156.3 Showalter Index (ShI) = 4.0 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 42.0 Precipitable Water (PW) = 29.3 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -31 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = 84 J/kg Convective Inhibition (CIN) = 226 J/kg Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 333 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 337 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 338 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 987 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = 1079 J/kg ================================================================================ UALIST: Done