================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2020028 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=117 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 983.0 0.6 -1.8 280.0 7.0 221.0 275.1 3.410 SIGT 966.0 -0.7 -4.5 285.4 9.1 360.9 275.2 2.834 SIGW 936.3 -2.9 -5.4 295.0 12.8 609.0 275.4 2.738 MAND 925.0 -3.7 -5.7 300.0 15.9 705.8 275.5 2.701 SIGT 911.0 -4.9 -6.3 302.9 15.9 826.1 275.5 2.620 SIGW 900.8 -5.5 -6.8 305.0 15.9 914.0 275.8 2.554 SIGW 866.4 -7.5 -8.4 310.0 16.9 1219.0 276.8 2.335 SIGT 863.0 -7.7 -8.6 314.1 17.9 1250.0 276.9 2.313 MAND 850.0 -7.1 -8.5 330.0 22.0 1368.3 278.7 2.367 SIGT 844.0 -7.5 -8.6 331.2 22.7 1423.6 278.9 2.365 SIGT 838.0 -6.1 -7.3 332.4 23.4 1479.3 280.9 2.637 SIGT 832.0 -6.5 -8.8 333.6 24.1 1535.6 281.1 2.362 SIGW 801.2 -7.9 -9.8 340.0 28.0 1829.0 282.6 2.273 SIGW 770.3 -9.3 -10.8 340.0 25.8 2134.0 284.3 2.182 SIGT 746.0 -10.5 -11.6 348.2 32.3 2382.8 285.6 2.110 SIGW 740.6 -10.6 -11.8 350.0 33.8 2439.0 286.1 2.092 SIGT 732.0 -10.7 -12.1 344.1 28.8 2528.8 287.0 2.065 SIGW 711.9 -10.7 -15.4 330.0 16.9 2743.0 289.2 1.614 SIGT 711.0 -10.7 -15.6 331.9 16.8 2752.9 289.4 1.596 MAND 700.0 -10.3 -15.3 355.0 15.9 2873.0 291.1 1.662 SIGT 697.0 -10.3 -16.3 355.0 16.5 2906.1 291.4 1.535 SIGT 688.0 -10.7 -17.7 355.0 18.3 3006.2 292.1 1.383 SIGT 679.0 -11.3 -23.3 355.0 20.1 3107.4 292.5 0.862 SIGT 674.0 -11.3 -24.3 355.0 21.1 3164.2 293.1 0.794 SIGT 653.0 -11.9 -18.9 355.0 25.4 3406.9 295.1 1.315 SIGW 631.8 -13.4 -20.9 355.0 29.9 3658.0 296.2 1.146 SIGT 611.0 -14.9 -22.9 355.0 28.2 3913.2 297.3 0.993 SIGT 587.0 -15.9 -28.9 355.0 26.2 4216.0 299.6 0.599 SIGW 583.0 -16.3 -31.4 355.0 25.8 4268.0 299.8 0.476 SIGT 572.0 -17.3 -38.3 357.3 26.8 4410.6 300.2 0.246 SIGW 559.5 -18.7 -39.2 360.0 28.0 4573.0 300.5 0.229 SIGW 536.9 -21.3 -40.8 350.0 26.8 4878.0 300.9 0.201 MAND 500.0 -25.7 -43.7 345.0 29.9 5402.8 301.7 0.158 SIGT 498.0 -26.1 -44.1 344.6 30.1 5431.8 301.6 0.152 SIGW 473.2 -29.2 -45.1 340.0 32.8 5792.0 302.2 0.143 SIGW 453.2 -31.8 -46.0 345.0 28.0 6097.0 302.6 0.136 SIGT 409.0 -38.1 -48.1 345.0 33.7 6822.5 303.5 0.120 MAND 400.0 -39.5 -48.5 345.0 35.0 6975.3 303.7 0.117 SIGT 396.0 -40.1 -48.1 346.0 36.4 7044.0 303.8 0.124 SIGW 380.4 -41.6 -51.4 350.0 42.0 7317.0 305.3 0.094 SIGT 371.0 -42.5 -53.5 344.4 39.7 7487.1 306.3 0.077 SIGW 363.6 -43.6 -53.8 340.0 37.9 7621.0 306.6 0.076 SIGT 326.0 -49.5 -55.5 332.1 30.0 8347.8 308.2 0.069 SIGW 316.7 -50.4 -57.0 330.0 28.0 8536.0 309.5 0.062 TRO1 310.0 -51.1 -58.1 325.0 30.9 8676.4 310.4 0.057 SIGW 302.3 -51.3 -60.8 330.0 40.8 8841.0 312.4 0.043 SIGT 301.0 -51.3 -61.3 327.2 40.8 8868.0 312.8 0.041 MAND 300.0 -51.1 -61.1 325.0 40.8 8889.6 313.3 0.042 SIGT 289.0 -49.7 -67.7 339.3 30.4 9133.4 318.7 ----- SIGW 288.4 -49.7 -67.9 340.0 29.9 9146.0 318.8 ----- SIGT 278.0 -50.5 -72.5 320.2 25.2 9387.1 321.1 ----- SIGW 275.3 -50.1 -72.9 315.0 23.9 9451.0 322.6 ----- SIGW 262.8 -48.0 -74.6 305.0 40.8 9756.0 329.9 ----- SIGT 255.0 -46.7 -75.7 308.0 35.4 9955.3 334.8 ----- MAND 250.0 -47.1 -78.1 310.0 31.9 10086.5 336.1 ----- SIGT 245.0 -47.1 -80.1 312.4 32.3 10220.4 338.0 ----- SIGW 239.7 -46.3 -80.6 315.0 32.8 10365.0 341.3 ----- SIGT 237.0 -45.9 -80.9 313.8 32.1 10440.8 343.0 ----- SIGT 226.0 -45.9 -80.9 308.6 29.0 10757.3 347.7 ----- SIGW 218.8 -45.2 -80.7 305.0 26.8 10975.0 352.0 ----- SIGT 209.0 -44.3 -80.3 297.4 30.4 11279.8 358.1 ----- MAND 200.0 -44.3 -80.3 290.0 33.8 11575.0 362.6 ----- SIGT 188.0 -44.1 -80.1 290.0 36.0 11990.1 369.4 ----- SIGT 183.0 -42.9 -78.9 290.0 37.0 12171.5 374.2 ----- SIGT 161.0 -45.5 -80.5 290.0 41.5 13030.7 383.8 ----- SIGW 159.1 -45.4 -80.4 290.0 42.0 13109.0 385.3 ----- SIGT 152.0 -45.1 -80.1 293.9 37.3 13414.8 390.9 ----- MAND 150.0 -45.5 -80.5 295.0 35.9 13503.2 391.7 ----- SIGT 137.0 -48.5 -82.5 298.6 28.6 14103.9 396.7 ----- SIGW 132.4 -48.7 -82.7 300.0 25.8 14329.0 400.2 ----- SIGT 124.0 -49.1 -83.1 297.6 30.6 14759.3 407.0 ----- SIGW 115.1 -51.5 -84.7 295.0 35.9 15243.0 411.3 ----- TRO2 113.0 -52.1 -85.1 295.0 32.8 15365.1 412.4 ----- SIGW 109.9 -52.1 -85.1 300.0 19.8 15548.0 415.8 ----- SIGT 105.0 -52.1 -85.1 290.4 25.1 15840.7 421.2 ----- MAND 100.0 -52.9 ----- 280.0 30.9 16156.1 425.5 ----- SIGT 89.1 -52.7 ----- 295.7 28.4 16901.3 440.2 ----- SIGT 81.1 -55.3 ----- 308.4 26.5 17505.4 446.9 ----- SIGT 74.8 -54.1 ----- 319.3 24.8 18023.0 459.9 ----- SIGW 71.7 -54.7 ----- 325.0 23.9 18292.0 464.1 ----- MAND 70.0 -55.1 ----- 320.0 19.8 18447.7 466.5 ----- SIGT 68.7 -55.7 ----- 321.7 18.2 18567.3 467.7 ----- SIGW 59.2 -55.8 ----- 335.0 5.8 19512.0 487.8 ----- SIGT 53.3 -55.9 ----- 320.3 11.0 20183.7 502.5 ----- SIGW 51.3 -56.7 ----- 315.0 12.8 20426.0 506.1 ----- MAND 50.0 -57.3 ----- 320.0 14.0 20589.3 508.5 ----- SIGT 48.3 -57.7 ----- 324.9 12.9 20807.9 512.6 ----- SIGW 46.6 -57.3 ----- 330.0 11.8 21036.0 518.8 ----- SIGW 44.4 -56.8 ----- 315.0 8.0 21341.0 527.2 ----- SIGT 39.3 -55.5 ----- 346.8 11.1 22116.3 549.3 ----- SIGT 35.9 -58.7 ----- 10.3 13.4 22689.1 555.4 ----- SIGT 32.1 -55.1 ----- 39.3 16.3 23398.1 583.1 ----- SIGW 30.2 -56.2 ----- 55.0 17.9 23780.0 590.3 ----- MAND 30.0 -56.3 ----- 55.0 16.9 23829.1 591.2 ----- SIGW 28.8 -57.1 ----- 45.0 16.9 24085.0 595.9 ----- SIGW 27.5 -58.0 ----- 75.0 11.8 24390.0 601.6 ----- SIGT 27.3 -58.1 ----- 70.9 11.8 24425.9 602.3 ----- SIGW 26.2 -56.0 ----- 40.0 11.8 24695.0 615.6 ----- SIGT 25.6 -54.9 ----- 53.7 12.3 24834.1 622.6 ----- SIGW 24.9 -55.0 ----- 70.0 12.8 25000.0 626.8 ----- SIGW 23.8 -55.3 ----- 85.0 19.8 25304.0 634.7 ----- SIGW 21.6 -55.9 ----- 75.0 4.9 25914.0 650.6 ----- MAND 20.0 -56.3 ----- 70.0 7.0 26407.7 663.9 ----- SIGW 18.7 -56.8 ----- 10.0 12.8 26829.0 675.2 ----- SIGW 17.8 -57.1 ----- 40.0 10.9 27134.0 683.5 ----- SIGT 17.3 -57.3 ----- 52.7 15.3 27327.0 688.8 ----- SIGW 17.0 -57.0 ----- 60.0 17.9 27439.0 693.1 ----- SIGW 16.2 -56.3 ----- 65.0 10.9 27743.0 704.9 ----- SIGT 15.5 -55.7 ----- 68.1 11.5 28024.5 716.1 ----- SIGW 14.0 -56.8 ----- 75.0 12.8 28658.0 733.2 ----- SIGT 13.6 -57.1 ----- 73.9 10.7 28855.0 738.6 ----- SIGT 12.8 -53.5 ----- 71.8 6.5 29242.0 764.0 ----- SIGW 12.2 -53.5 ----- 70.0 2.9 29573.0 775.3 ----- SIGT 12.0 -53.5 ----- 73.0 3.3 29657.4 778.2 ----- SIGT 10.2 -57.3 ----- 110.5 7.5 30694.3 801.1 ----- MAND 10.0 -56.9 ----- 115.0 8.0 30819.7 807.2 ----- SIGT 8.2 -55.3 ----- ----- ----- 32081.8 860.7 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 28 Jan 2020028 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -5.4 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 275.5 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 282.6 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 2.7 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 900 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -5.8 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 900 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 3.8 C K Index (KI) = 5.1 Lifted Index (LI) = 16.1 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 73.9 Showalter Index (ShI) = 14.2 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 35.8 Precipitable Water (PW) = 8.4 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -5 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 285 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 313 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 301 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done