================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2017148 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS= 86 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 985.0 12.4 11.1 85.0 3.9 221.0 286.8 8.464 SIGT 973.0 15.2 7.2 91.7 5.5 324.5 290.6 6.566 SIGT 955.0 15.4 5.4 101.9 8.0 483.0 292.4 5.902 SIGW 940.9 14.6 5.0 110.0 9.9 609.0 292.8 5.836 MAND 925.0 13.6 4.6 110.0 10.9 752.9 293.2 5.761 SIGW 907.4 12.5 4.6 125.0 12.8 914.0 293.7 5.874 SIGT 893.0 11.6 4.6 138.3 12.4 1048.8 294.1 5.970 SIGT 877.0 10.2 5.6 153.1 11.9 1199.8 294.2 6.523 SIGW 875.0 10.0 5.5 155.0 11.8 1219.0 294.2 6.493 SIGT 861.0 9.0 4.8 143.9 11.3 1352.9 294.5 6.282 MAND 850.0 8.8 2.8 135.0 10.9 1459.6 295.4 5.520 SIGT 846.0 8.8 1.8 120.2 10.0 1498.7 295.8 5.162 SIGT 819.0 8.4 1.4 18.4 4.2 1767.3 298.1 5.181 SIGW 812.9 9.5 -1.3 355.0 2.9 1829.0 299.9 4.268 SIGT 808.0 10.4 -3.6 348.4 4.2 1879.6 301.4 3.630 SIGT 800.0 10.6 -5.4 337.5 6.4 1962.4 302.5 3.198 SIGW 783.7 9.7 -6.3 315.0 10.9 2134.0 303.3 3.057 SIGT 781.0 9.6 -6.4 311.3 11.2 2162.3 303.5 3.034 SIGT 773.0 9.2 -1.8 300.1 12.0 2247.7 303.9 4.343 SIGT 764.0 9.2 -5.8 287.3 13.0 2344.8 305.0 3.249 SIGW 755.3 8.4 -5.9 275.0 14.0 2439.0 305.0 3.273 SIGW 727.8 5.6 -6.0 260.0 15.0 2743.0 305.3 3.354 MAND 700.0 2.8 -6.2 250.0 21.0 3061.9 305.6 3.440 SIGW 675.2 0.2 -7.0 240.0 23.9 3353.0 305.9 3.354 SIGT 672.0 -0.1 -7.1 238.8 22.8 3390.9 305.9 3.343 SIGT 665.0 0.8 -17.2 236.0 20.3 3474.9 307.9 1.492 SIGW 650.0 -0.6 -23.5 230.0 15.0 3658.0 308.4 0.881 SIGT 644.0 -1.1 -26.1 230.6 15.7 3731.8 308.5 0.707 SIGT 639.0 -0.3 -37.3 231.1 16.3 3794.0 310.1 0.243 SIGT 620.0 -1.5 -43.5 233.1 18.7 4034.9 311.5 0.131 SIGT 603.0 -1.3 -50.3 234.9 20.9 4256.2 314.2 0.065 SIGW 602.1 -1.4 -50.4 235.0 21.0 4268.0 314.2 0.065 SIGW 556.8 -6.0 -53.7 240.0 22.9 4878.0 315.9 0.050 SIGW 535.6 -8.3 -55.4 230.0 18.8 5182.0 316.7 0.043 SIGW 515.0 -10.6 -57.0 245.0 19.8 5487.0 317.5 0.038 MAND 500.0 -12.3 -58.3 235.0 22.9 5718.1 318.1 0.034 SIGW 475.2 -15.3 -56.5 235.0 24.9 6097.0 319.0 0.043 SIGW 456.1 -17.7 -55.1 235.0 30.9 6402.0 319.7 0.051 MAND 400.0 -25.5 -50.5 240.0 39.8 7380.6 321.9 0.097 SIGT 392.0 -26.9 -50.9 240.0 41.1 7526.8 321.9 0.095 SIGW 386.8 -27.5 -52.4 240.0 42.0 7621.0 322.3 0.083 SIGT 344.0 -33.1 -66.1 240.0 44.6 8457.4 325.7 ----- SIGW 340.2 -33.1 -65.1 240.0 44.9 8536.0 326.8 ----- SIGT 333.0 -33.1 -63.1 242.5 47.1 8686.0 328.8 0.0 SIGT 328.0 -33.7 -51.7 244.2 48.6 8792.3 329.4 0.1 SIGW 311.7 -36.4 -49.9 250.0 53.8 9146.0 330.4 0.1 MAND 300.0 -38.5 -48.5 255.0 52.8 9412.1 331.1 0.2 SIGT 291.0 -40.5 -48.5 257.5 56.1 9620.7 331.2 0.2 SIGT 270.0 -43.5 -50.5 263.7 63.9 10128.0 334.0 0.1 MAND 250.0 -47.7 -55.7 270.0 71.9 10641.2 335.2 0.1 SIGW 248.9 -48.0 -56.0 275.0 79.8 10670.0 335.2 0.1 SIGT 247.0 -48.5 -56.5 275.2 80.7 10720.8 335.1 0.1 SIGT 237.0 -49.3 -59.3 276.1 85.5 10992.4 337.9 0.1 SIGT 214.0 -53.5 -68.5 278.5 97.3 11655.7 341.4 ----- MAND 200.0 -57.3 -70.3 280.0 104.9 12087.4 342.0 ----- MAXW 188.0 -58.6 -73.3 285.0 110.7 12473.3 346.1 ----- SIGW 154.0 -62.8 -82.8 290.0 59.8 13719.0 359.3 ----- MAND 150.0 -63.3 -84.0 275.0 58.9 13881.6 361.1 ----- TRO1 147.0 -64.3 -84.1 275.0 63.9 14005.5 361.4 ----- SIGW 132.8 -63.3 -84.1 280.0 44.9 14634.0 373.9 ----- SIGW 126.4 -62.8 -84.1 280.0 49.0 14939.0 380.1 ----- SIGW 120.3 -62.3 -84.1 285.0 39.8 15243.0 386.4 ----- MAND 100.0 -60.5 -84.1 275.0 39.8 16384.6 410.9 ----- SIGT 86.6 -61.1 -84.1 291.2 28.9 17279.8 426.9 ----- SIGT 80.5 -63.3 -84.1 299.3 23.4 17731.3 431.4 ----- MAND 70.0 -59.1 -84.1 315.0 12.8 18599.3 458.0 ----- SIGT 63.6 -59.9 -84.1 333.4 11.4 19199.5 468.9 ----- SIGT 55.2 -56.7 -84.1 0.7 9.4 20091.3 495.7 ----- MAND 50.0 -56.3 -84.1 20.0 8.0 20719.3 510.8 ----- SIGT 48.7 -56.9 -84.1 20.0 7.6 20886.5 513.3 ----- SIGT 44.3 -53.3 -84.1 20.0 6.3 21491.5 536.1 ----- SIGT 34.2 -52.7 -84.1 20.0 2.8 23160.7 578.9 ----- MAND 30.0 -50.1 -84.1 20.0 1.0 24012.1 608.1 ----- SIGT 25.4 -47.9 -82.9 322.6 3.0 25105.3 644.0 ----- SIGT 23.1 -49.5 -83.5 289.9 4.1 25729.5 657.0 ----- SIGT 21.4 -47.1 -82.1 263.4 5.0 26233.1 678.8 ----- MAND 20.0 -48.5 -82.5 240.0 5.8 26679.9 687.8 ----- SIGT 18.3 -46.9 -81.9 228.0 6.7 27266.7 710.5 ----- SIGT 17.2 -47.5 -82.5 219.6 7.3 27677.1 721.3 ----- SIGT 16.2 -45.5 -80.5 211.5 7.9 28074.9 740.2 ----- SIGT 15.2 -46.5 -81.5 202.8 8.6 28499.0 750.5 ----- SIGT 13.6 -43.5 -79.5 187.6 9.7 29242.5 785.0 ----- SIGT 12.1 -43.7 -79.7 171.5 10.9 30028.6 811.0 ----- SIGT 11.3 -40.5 -77.5 162.1 11.6 30491.7 838.6 ----- MAND 10.0 -39.5 -76.5 145.0 12.8 31326.6 872.1 ----- SIGT 8.8 -37.5 -75.5 ----- ----- 32205.5 912.4 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 28 May 2017148 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 5.6 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 292.5 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 308.7 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 6.1 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 827 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 3.9 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = ----- Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 21.7 C K Index (KI) = 14.9 Lifted Index (LI) = 10.8 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 78.4 Showalter Index (ShI) = 9.7 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 36.2 Precipitable Water (PW) = 15.5 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -75 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 313 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 331 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 312 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done