================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2017028 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS= 90
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 977.0 -2.3 -6.0 270.0 14.0 221.0 272.7 2.499
SIGT 972.0 -2.9 -6.3 269.5 15.2 261.7 272.5 2.455
SIGW 930.1 -6.1 -8.0 265.0 25.8 609.0 272.6 2.247
SIGT 928.0 -6.3 -8.1 265.0 26.7 626.8 272.6 2.236
MAND 925.0 -6.5 -8.2 265.0 28.0 652.1 272.7 2.226
SIGT 909.0 -7.3 -10.4 265.0 29.5 788.4 273.2 1.905
SIGW 894.4 -8.3 -11.0 265.0 30.9 914.0 273.5 1.840
SIGW 859.8 -10.7 -12.6 265.0 26.8 1219.0 274.0 1.691
SIGT 857.0 -10.9 -12.7 265.0 26.2 1244.7 274.1 1.679
MAND 850.0 -11.3 -13.7 265.0 24.9 1307.7 274.3 1.561
SIGT 840.0 -12.1 -14.7 265.9 24.9 1398.5 274.4 1.455
SIGW 793.7 -15.6 -16.8 270.0 24.9 1829.0 275.1 1.293
SIGT 785.0 -16.3 -17.2 270.0 24.6 1912.7 275.3 1.264
SIGT 766.0 -16.5 -17.8 270.0 24.0 2097.2 277.0 1.231
SIGW 762.3 -14.1 -17.2 270.0 23.9 2134.0 279.9 1.301
SIGT 761.0 -13.3 -17.0 271.3 24.1 2146.8 281.0 1.326
SIGT 758.0 -13.1 -19.1 274.2 24.5 2176.9 281.5 1.114
SIGT 750.0 -13.5 -24.5 282.2 25.5 2257.7 281.9 0.701
SIGT 738.0 -13.3 -20.3 294.2 27.2 2380.5 283.4 1.032
SIGW 732.4 -13.4 -19.7 300.0 28.0 2439.0 283.9 1.091
SIGT 730.0 -13.5 -19.5 299.6 27.8 2463.5 284.1 1.117
SIGT 704.0 -14.7 -25.7 295.1 25.9 2738.9 285.8 0.670
SIGW 703.6 -14.7 -26.0 295.0 25.8 2743.0 285.8 0.653
MAND 700.0 -14.9 -28.9 295.0 24.9 2782.1 286.0 0.502
SIGT 695.0 -14.7 -33.7 295.3 25.2 2836.4 286.8 0.320
SIGT 680.0 -15.3 -32.3 296.3 26.1 3001.5 287.9 0.375
SIGT 674.0 -15.3 -36.3 296.6 26.5 3068.4 288.7 0.255
SIGT 661.0 -16.3 -36.3 297.5 27.4 3215.3 289.1 0.260
SIGT 652.0 -17.1 -23.1 298.1 28.0 3318.4 289.4 0.914
SIGT 639.0 -18.1 -21.0 298.9 28.8 3469.3 289.9 1.121
SIGW 623.0 -19.3 -22.9 300.0 29.9 3658.0 290.6 0.977
SIGT 610.0 -20.3 -24.4 300.0 27.1 3815.1 291.3 0.870
SIGT 595.0 -20.3 -31.3 300.0 23.7 3999.6 293.3 0.471
SIGW 573.7 -22.3 -32.7 300.0 18.8 4268.0 294.1 0.427
SIGT 559.0 -23.7 -33.7 287.5 19.5 4459.0 294.6 0.398
SIGW 550.3 -24.7 -33.6 280.0 19.8 4573.0 294.7 0.409
SIGT 544.0 -25.5 -33.5 280.0 18.7 4657.2 294.8 0.417
SIGW 527.7 -26.4 -41.8 280.0 15.9 4878.0 296.3 0.185
SIGT 522.0 -26.7 -44.7 282.6 15.7 4956.1 296.8 0.136
SIGW 505.9 -28.0 -46.0 290.0 15.0 5182.0 297.9 0.121
SIGT 505.0 -28.1 -46.1 287.8 14.4 5194.5 297.9 0.121
MAND 500.0 -28.7 -46.7 275.0 10.9 5265.8 298.1 0.114
SIGT 467.0 -32.1 -43.1 256.5 8.2 5751.5 299.7 0.181
SIGW 464.3 -32.4 -43.7 255.0 8.0 5792.0 299.8 0.170
SIGT 449.0 -34.3 -47.3 266.6 8.7 6027.9 300.3 0.119
SIGW 444.6 -34.6 -46.9 270.0 8.9 6097.0 300.8 0.125
SIGW 425.5 -36.0 -45.2 255.0 10.9 6402.0 302.9 0.157
MAND 400.0 -37.9 -42.9 265.0 28.9 6830.7 305.7 0.216
SIGW 389.3 -39.3 -44.4 265.0 29.9 7012.0 306.3 0.188
SIGW 355.4 -43.8 -49.6 265.0 29.9 7621.0 308.3 0.118
MAND 300.0 -52.3 -59.3 260.0 26.8 8753.2 311.6 0.051
SIGW 295.9 -52.8 -59.8 260.0 26.8 8841.0 312.1 0.048
SIGW 282.2 -54.6 -61.6 270.0 26.8 9146.0 313.9 0.043
TRO1 274.0 -55.7 -62.7 275.0 25.8 9335.3 314.9 0.039
SIGW 269.1 -55.0 -63.6 275.0 25.8 9451.0 317.6 -----
MAND 250.0 -52.1 -67.1 275.0 30.9 9924.2 328.6 -----
SIGW 213.2 -46.4 ----- 275.0 42.9 10975.0 352.8 -----
MAND 200.0 -44.1 ----- 270.0 36.9 11395.7 363.0 -----
SIGW 177.5 -44.5 ----- 270.0 33.8 12195.0 374.9 -----
MAND 150.0 -45.1 ----- 260.0 35.9 13322.2 392.4 -----
SIGW 141.2 -46.2 ----- 255.0 39.8 13719.0 397.2 -----
SIGW 128.7 -48.0 ----- 265.0 47.8 14329.0 404.8 -----
SIGW 122.9 -48.8 ----- 280.0 35.9 14634.0 408.6 -----
SIGW 117.3 -49.7 ----- 265.0 26.8 14939.0 412.5 -----
MAND 100.0 -52.7 ----- 260.0 39.8 15986.5 425.9 -----
SIGT 92.0 -55.3 ----- 257.7 33.8 16521.9 431.1 -----
SIGT 87.7 -53.3 ----- 256.3 30.3 16828.8 441.0 -----
SIGT 79.0 -54.7 ----- 253.4 22.7 17499.7 451.5 -----
MAND 70.0 -53.9 ----- 250.0 14.0 18275.3 469.1 -----
SIGT 63.1 -52.9 ----- 277.9 11.2 18943.5 485.4 -----
SIGT 53.0 -56.7 ----- 324.5 6.4 20059.5 501.5 -----
MAND 50.0 -56.1 ----- 340.0 4.9 20429.6 511.3 -----
SIGT 48.5 -55.3 ----- 345.3 5.4 20623.7 517.7 -----
SIGT 46.2 -56.5 ----- 353.9 6.3 20932.9 522.0 -----
SIGT 44.6 -54.1 ----- 0.1 6.9 21157.9 533.2 -----
SIGT 40.5 -55.5 ----- 17.1 8.6 21774.9 544.6 -----
SIGT 39.1 -53.7 ----- 23.3 9.2 22000.2 554.6 -----
SIGT 33.9 -54.1 ----- 48.5 11.8 22917.0 576.7 -----
SIGT 32.3 -55.9 ----- 57.0 12.7 23226.0 579.9 -----
MAND 30.0 -55.1 ----- 70.0 14.0 23697.1 594.5 -----
SIGT 26.7 -53.1 ----- 67.1 19.1 24445.1 620.2 -----
SIGT 24.1 -54.5 ----- 64.6 23.6 25103.6 634.6 -----
SIGT 20.8 -52.1 ----- 61.0 30.1 26052.2 669.2 -----
MAND 20.0 -53.1 ----- 60.0 31.9 26305.6 673.7 -----
SIGT 16.3 -53.7 ----- ----- ----- 27622.8 712.3 -----
SIGT 16.0 -52.1 ----- ----- ----- 27742.7 721.3 -----
SIGT 15.1 -51.5 ----- ----- ----- 28118.2 735.4 -----
SIGT 12.2 -56.5 ----- ----- ----- 29487.6 764.0 -----
SIGT 11.7 -55.3 ----- ----- ----- 29754.0 777.5 -----
SIGT 10.2 -56.3 ----- ----- ----- 30627.8 804.9 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 28 Jan 2017028
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -8.8 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 272.9 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 278.5 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 2.1 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 889 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -9.2 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = -----
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 0.8 C
K Index (KI) = -10.3
Lifted Index (LI) = 16.4
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 60.7
Showalter Index (ShI) = 16.4
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 32.4
Precipitable Water (PW) = 5.4 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = 41 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 281 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -15 J/kg
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 309 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 355 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
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UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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