================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018199 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS=112
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 991.0 17.8 15.2 30.0 7.0 221.0 291.7 11.042
SIGT 984.0 17.0 12.2 32.3 8.8 281.7 291.5 9.121
SIGW 946.9 15.0 11.1 45.0 18.8 609.0 292.7 8.837
SIGT 935.0 14.4 10.8 47.7 15.6 716.4 293.1 8.744
MAND 925.0 14.2 8.2 50.0 12.8 807.4 293.8 7.405
SIGT 920.0 14.0 8.0 47.9 12.8 853.2 294.1 7.344
SIGW 913.4 13.6 8.0 45.0 12.8 914.0 294.3 7.406
SIGT 881.0 11.8 8.1 10.1 9.9 1217.9 295.5 7.726
SIGW 880.9 11.8 8.1 10.0 9.9 1219.0 295.5 7.724
MAND 850.0 9.4 6.8 355.0 11.8 1517.1 296.0 7.322
SIGW 818.6 7.0 5.4 325.0 14.0 1829.0 296.7 6.877
SIGT 813.0 6.6 5.1 326.8 14.0 1885.3 296.8 6.799
SIGW 788.7 4.9 2.3 335.0 14.0 2134.0 297.6 5.732
SIGT 778.0 4.2 1.0 327.7 14.7 2245.8 298.0 5.300
SIGT 776.0 4.2 0.2 326.3 14.8 2266.8 298.2 5.013
SIGT 771.0 5.4 -4.6 322.8 15.2 2319.6 300.1 3.528
SIGT 766.0 6.2 -8.8 319.3 15.5 2372.9 301.5 2.567
SIGW 759.8 6.2 -10.3 315.0 15.9 2439.0 302.2 2.291
SIGT 758.0 6.2 -10.8 316.3 16.1 2458.9 302.4 2.214
SIGT 752.0 7.0 -21.0 320.6 16.7 2524.1 304.0 0.953
SIGW 732.1 6.0 -23.5 335.0 18.8 2743.0 305.2 0.788
SIGW 705.3 4.7 -26.9 350.0 18.8 3048.0 307.0 0.600
MAND 700.0 4.4 -27.6 345.0 21.0 3109.9 307.4 0.567
SIGT 699.0 4.4 -27.6 344.5 21.0 3121.5 307.5 0.567
SIGW 679.4 4.4 -37.4 335.0 21.0 3353.0 310.0 0.227
SIGT 677.0 4.4 -38.6 335.9 21.0 3381.6 310.3 0.201
SIGW 654.3 3.4 -41.4 345.0 21.0 3658.0 312.2 0.156
SIGT 651.0 3.2 -41.8 341.6 20.8 3699.5 312.5 0.149
SIGW 630.0 1.0 -40.6 320.0 19.8 3963.0 312.9 0.176
SIGT 621.0 0.0 -40.0 327.6 18.7 4079.3 313.0 0.190
SIGW 606.5 -1.1 -42.4 340.0 16.9 4268.0 313.9 0.151
SIGT 588.0 -2.5 -45.5 319.8 16.1 4514.4 315.1 0.111
SIGW 583.6 -3.0 -45.5 315.0 15.9 4573.0 315.2 0.111
SIGW 561.2 -5.4 -45.6 320.0 18.8 4878.0 315.8 0.115
MAND 500.0 -12.7 -45.7 305.0 18.8 5775.9 317.6 0.127
SIGW 479.2 -15.3 -45.7 300.0 18.8 6097.0 318.2 0.133
SIGT 469.0 -16.7 -45.7 296.0 18.8 6260.7 318.5 0.136
SIGT 432.0 -20.5 -51.5 280.9 18.8 6873.6 321.2 0.082
SIGW 406.6 -24.6 -53.2 270.0 18.8 7317.0 321.5 0.073
MAND 400.0 -25.7 -53.7 275.0 19.8 7437.5 321.6 0.070
SIGW 389.8 -27.4 -54.6 280.0 22.0 7621.0 321.8 0.064
SIGT 350.0 -34.3 -58.3 286.3 24.4 8388.9 322.5 0.049
SIGW 328.0 -37.3 -55.1 290.0 25.8 8841.0 324.5 0.071
SIGT 325.0 -37.7 -54.7 289.0 25.6 8903.9 324.7 0.076
SIGT 319.0 -38.9 -50.9 286.9 25.2 9032.1 324.8 0.117
SIGW 313.7 -39.9 -51.1 285.0 24.9 9146.0 324.9 0.117
MAND 300.0 -42.7 -51.7 285.0 28.9 9450.2 325.2 0.116
SIGT 291.0 -44.5 -51.5 283.3 28.6 9655.1 325.5 0.121
SIGW 273.8 -48.1 -54.3 280.0 28.0 10060.0 326.0 0.095
TRO1 269.0 -49.1 -55.1 280.0 28.9 10176.5 326.2 0.087
SIGT 255.0 -48.5 -64.5 272.7 36.9 10527.9 332.1 -----
MAND 250.0 -49.3 -70.3 270.0 39.8 10658.0 332.8 -----
SIGT 249.0 -49.3 -71.3 270.1 40.2 10684.3 333.2 -----
SIGT 229.0 -49.1 -78.1 273.1 47.3 11233.8 341.5 -----
SIGW 217.0 -50.9 -71.9 275.0 51.9 11585.0 344.1 -----
SIGT 217.0 -50.9 -71.9 275.0 51.9 11585.7 344.1 -----
SIGT 206.0 -50.5 -78.5 275.0 45.5 11924.8 349.8 -----
MAND 200.0 -50.9 -84.9 275.0 42.0 12117.4 352.2 -----
SIGT 193.0 -51.7 -84.7 274.4 41.6 12349.0 354.5 -----
SIGT 186.0 -51.1 -85.1 273.7 41.2 12589.1 359.2 -----
SIGT 176.0 -52.9 -84.7 272.8 40.6 12947.2 362.0 -----
SIGT 172.0 -52.3 -84.7 272.4 40.3 13095.7 365.4 -----
MAND 150.0 -53.1 -84.7 270.0 38.9 13979.8 378.6 -----
SIGT 136.0 -53.1 -84.7 267.5 36.3 14611.5 389.4 -----
SIGT 127.0 -55.9 -84.7 265.8 34.6 15050.2 392.0 -----
SIGW 123.2 -55.8 -84.7 265.0 33.8 15243.0 395.7 -----
SIGT 116.0 -55.5 -84.7 263.6 32.1 15627.4 403.0 -----
SIGT 112.0 -56.5 -84.7 262.7 31.1 15850.7 405.2 -----
SIGT 110.0 -56.5 -84.7 262.3 30.6 15965.1 407.3 -----
MAND 100.0 -57.3 -84.7 260.0 28.0 16569.0 417.0 -----
SIGT 91.7 -55.5 -84.7 280.8 22.8 17119.3 431.1 -----
SIGW 76.3 -55.6 -84.7 325.0 11.8 18292.0 454.0 -----
SIGW 72.7 -55.7 -84.7 280.0 15.0 18597.0 460.2 -----
SIGT 71.4 -55.7 -84.7 292.0 14.5 18714.4 462.6 -----
MAND 70.0 -54.5 -84.7 305.0 14.0 18840.9 467.8 -----
SIGT 63.6 -55.3 -84.7 32.9 11.4 19454.1 479.1 -----
SIGW 60.1 -54.2 -84.7 85.0 9.9 19817.0 489.4 -----
SIGT 56.9 -53.1 -84.7 82.1 11.6 20168.2 499.6 -----
SIGT 55.2 -54.1 -84.7 80.5 12.5 20363.4 501.6 -----
SIGW 54.7 -53.3 -84.7 80.0 12.8 20426.0 504.9 -----
SIGT 54.3 -52.7 -84.7 81.4 13.5 20469.2 507.2 -----
SIGW 52.1 -53.5 -84.7 90.0 17.9 20731.0 511.3 -----
MAND 50.0 -54.3 -84.7 85.0 12.8 21000.2 515.5 -----
SIGT 47.5 -54.7 -84.7 94.6 15.8 21328.8 522.2 -----
SIGW 47.4 -54.7 -84.7 95.0 15.9 21341.0 522.5 -----
SIGW 45.2 -54.0 -84.7 105.0 14.0 21646.0 531.3 -----
SIGW 43.1 -53.3 -84.7 80.0 12.8 21951.0 540.3 -----
SIGW 39.3 -51.9 -84.7 75.0 4.9 22560.0 558.5 -----
SIGT 36.2 -50.7 -84.7 57.8 11.7 23083.7 574.7 -----
SIGW 35.7 -50.6 -84.6 55.0 12.8 23170.0 577.0 -----
SIGW 34.1 -50.4 -84.4 95.0 18.8 23475.0 585.3 -----
SIGW 32.5 -50.2 -84.2 90.0 14.0 23780.0 593.7 -----
SIGW 31.1 -50.0 -84.0 65.0 12.8 24085.0 602.3 -----
MAND 30.0 -49.9 -83.9 85.0 21.0 24310.4 608.6 -----
SIGW 27.0 -49.8 -83.8 95.0 26.8 25000.0 627.6 -----
SIGT 25.8 -49.7 -83.7 99.9 20.0 25297.4 636.0 -----
SIGW 25.8 -49.7 -83.7 100.0 19.8 25304.0 636.3 -----
SIGW 24.6 -48.1 -82.8 65.0 17.9 25609.0 649.4 -----
SIGT 24.2 -47.5 -82.5 68.0 19.5 25718.7 654.2 -----
SIGW 21.4 -47.4 -82.4 90.0 31.9 26524.0 677.7 -----
SIGW 20.5 -47.3 -82.3 110.0 28.0 26829.0 686.9 -----
MAND 20.0 -47.3 -82.3 110.0 22.9 26979.6 691.4 -----
SIGW 18.7 -45.5 -81.1 95.0 19.8 27439.0 710.8 -----
SIGW 17.8 -44.3 -80.2 80.0 25.8 27743.0 723.9 -----
SIGT 17.7 -44.1 -80.1 81.7 27.2 27793.8 726.2 -----
SIGW 17.0 -43.9 -79.9 90.0 33.8 28048.0 734.7 -----
SIGT 15.2 -43.3 -79.3 96.3 28.8 28817.5 761.1 -----
SIGW 14.2 -42.0 -78.5 100.0 25.8 29268.0 780.3 -----
SIGW 13.6 -41.0 -78.0 80.0 24.9 29573.0 793.5 -----
SIGT 13.5 -40.9 -77.9 80.0 24.6 29620.5 795.6 -----
SIGW 13.0 -40.7 -77.7 80.0 22.9 29878.0 804.8 -----
MAND 10.0 -39.5 -76.5 90.0 38.9 31668.9 872.1 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 18 Jul 2018199
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 10.3 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 293.1 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 315.3 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 8.4 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 878 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 9.2 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 878 mb
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 23.2 C
K Index (KI) = -3.1
Lifted Index (LI) = 6.3
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 124.3
Showalter Index (ShI) = 6.0
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 41.6
Precipitable Water (PW) = 17.9 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = -48 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 319 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 29 J/kg
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 325 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 314 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
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UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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