================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018321 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=127
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 984.0 2.0 0.2 265.0 14.0 221.0 276.4 3.947
SIGT 982.0 1.8 0.0 264.8 15.0 237.4 276.4 3.897
SIGT 943.0 -1.3 -3.1 260.6 35.0 562.8 276.5 3.227
SIGW 937.6 -1.2 -2.9 260.0 37.9 609.0 277.0 3.294
SIGT 932.0 -1.1 -2.7 260.0 37.9 656.5 277.6 3.364
MAND 925.0 -1.5 -2.8 260.0 37.9 716.6 277.8 3.365
SIGW 902.2 -2.8 -4.0 255.0 35.0 914.0 278.4 3.157
SIGW 868.1 -4.8 -5.8 255.0 33.8 1219.0 279.4 2.856
MAND 850.0 -5.9 -6.8 255.0 32.8 1385.5 280.0 2.702
SIGW 835.1 -6.8 -7.6 260.0 32.8 1524.0 280.5 2.587
SIGT 820.0 -7.7 -8.4 267.0 33.3 1666.3 281.0 2.473
SIGT 810.0 -6.9 -7.6 271.7 33.6 1762.1 282.8 2.666
SIGW 803.1 -7.0 -7.7 275.0 33.8 1829.0 283.4 2.659
SIGW 772.3 -7.5 -8.4 275.0 39.8 2134.0 286.1 2.630
SIGT 744.0 -7.9 -9.0 289.3 44.6 2425.0 288.7 2.602
SIGW 742.7 -8.0 -9.1 290.0 44.9 2439.0 288.7 2.591
SIGT 724.0 -8.9 -10.1 286.7 41.6 2636.7 289.8 2.451
SIGW 714.1 -9.6 -11.0 285.0 39.8 2743.0 290.2 2.320
SIGT 708.0 -10.1 -11.5 285.0 39.8 2809.6 290.4 2.241
MAND 700.0 -11.3 -14.5 285.0 39.8 2897.0 290.0 1.775
SIGT 696.0 -11.7 -15.2 285.0 39.8 2941.0 290.0 1.685
SIGW 686.3 -12.5 -15.6 285.0 39.8 3048.0 290.2 1.658
SIGT 662.0 -14.7 -16.5 287.3 45.7 3322.9 290.8 1.590
SIGT 657.0 -15.1 -16.7 287.7 46.9 3380.3 291.0 1.575
SIGT 653.0 -15.1 -16.8 288.1 47.9 3426.5 291.5 1.572
SIGW 633.3 -15.6 -19.9 290.0 52.8 3658.0 293.5 1.242
SIGT 631.0 -15.7 -20.3 290.0 52.8 3685.6 293.7 1.207
SIGT 630.0 -15.7 -20.4 290.0 52.8 3697.6 293.8 1.198
SIGT 586.0 -19.3 -27.3 290.0 51.9 4240.2 295.8 0.696
SIGW 583.8 -19.5 -27.5 290.0 51.9 4268.0 295.9 0.686
SIGT 571.0 -20.7 -28.7 290.0 53.8 4432.6 296.3 0.627
SIGT 563.0 -21.3 -33.3 290.0 54.9 4536.9 296.8 0.411
SIGT 558.0 -21.5 -30.5 290.0 55.7 4602.7 297.4 0.542
SIGT 551.0 -21.9 -29.9 290.0 56.8 4695.8 298.0 0.581
SIGT 547.0 -22.3 -31.3 290.0 57.4 4749.4 298.1 0.513
SIGW 537.5 -23.1 -32.6 290.0 58.9 4878.0 298.6 0.460
SIGT 527.0 -24.1 -34.1 290.0 60.2 5022.3 299.1 0.406
SIGT 526.0 -24.3 -34.3 290.0 60.4 5036.1 299.1 0.399
SIGT 517.0 -25.1 -39.1 290.0 61.6 5161.8 299.6 0.250
SIGW 515.6 -25.1 -39.1 290.0 61.8 5182.0 299.8 0.251
SIGT 515.0 -25.1 -39.1 290.0 61.7 5190.0 299.9 0.251
MAND 500.0 -26.9 -38.9 290.0 58.9 5404.1 300.3 0.264
SIGT 497.0 -27.3 -39.3 289.7 58.5 5447.4 300.3 0.255
SIGT 472.0 -30.1 -44.1 287.0 55.3 5817.2 301.3 0.161
SIGT 464.0 -31.1 -43.1 286.1 54.2 5938.7 301.5 0.182
SIGW 453.7 -32.3 -47.5 285.0 52.8 6097.0 301.9 0.115
SIGT 442.0 -33.7 -52.7 286.0 58.1 6281.4 302.4 0.071
SIGT 425.0 -34.7 -59.7 287.6 65.9 6556.0 304.6 0.034
SIGT 424.0 -34.9 -60.9 287.7 66.4 6572.4 304.5 0.030
MAND 400.0 -37.3 -59.3 290.0 77.9 6977.2 306.5 0.038
SIGW 364.0 -40.7 -62.7 290.0 90.9 7621.0 310.4 0.030
SIGW 348.2 -42.3 -64.3 290.0 93.8 7926.0 312.2 -----
SIGT 346.0 -42.5 -64.5 289.3 92.9 7968.3 312.5 -----
SIGW 318.0 -44.9 -67.9 280.0 79.8 8536.0 316.7 -----
SIGT 316.0 -45.1 -68.1 280.0 80.8 8577.9 317.1 -----
SIGT 311.0 -44.9 -67.9 280.0 83.3 8684.5 318.8 -----
MAND 300.0 -46.7 -70.7 280.0 88.8 8924.4 319.5 -----
SIGW 290.1 -47.2 -73.5 280.0 102.8 9146.0 321.9 -----
TRO1 267.0 -48.5 -80.5 285.0 94.8 9694.5 327.8 -----
SIGT 261.0 -47.3 -81.3 280.9 90.3 9844.5 331.7 -----
SIGT 256.0 -47.5 -82.5 277.4 86.5 9972.5 333.2 -----
SIGW 252.6 -46.7 -81.2 275.0 83.9 10060.0 335.6 -----
MAND 250.0 -46.1 -80.1 270.0 85.9 10129.8 337.5 -----
SIGT 243.0 -47.3 -81.3 268.9 90.8 10318.2 338.5 -----
SIGT 239.0 -46.5 -79.5 268.2 93.6 10428.3 341.3 -----
SIGT 223.0 -49.1 -80.1 265.5 105.5 10885.8 344.2 -----
MAXW 220.0 -49.2 -80.6 265.0 107.8 10974.6 345.3 -----
SIGT 208.0 -49.7 -82.7 265.0 91.9 11342.3 350.1 -----
SIGT 203.0 -48.5 -82.5 265.0 85.0 11502.1 354.5 -----
MAND 200.0 -49.3 -83.3 265.0 80.8 11599.9 354.7 -----
SIGW 191.3 -50.6 -84.0 260.0 76.9 11890.0 357.2 -----
TRO2 180.0 -52.3 -84.4 250.0 99.8 12286.3 360.7 -----
SIGT 175.0 -52.3 -84.6 254.3 100.7 12468.6 363.6 -----
SIGW 174.2 -51.7 -84.7 255.0 100.8 12500.0 365.1 -----
SIGT 173.0 -50.9 -84.9 255.2 100.3 12543.2 367.1 -----
SIGT 164.0 -50.5 -84.5 257.0 95.9 12891.5 373.4 -----
MAND 150.0 -54.5 -84.8 260.0 88.8 13468.4 376.2 -----
SIGT 145.0 -54.1 -84.9 255.7 78.5 13685.8 380.6 -----
SIGW 144.3 -54.2 -84.9 255.0 76.9 13719.0 381.0 -----
SIGT 138.0 -54.9 -84.9 255.0 78.8 14002.8 384.6 -----
SIGT 136.0 -54.5 -85.0 255.0 79.4 14096.2 386.9 -----
SIGT 128.0 -56.5 -85.0 255.0 81.9 14482.9 390.0 -----
SIGT 122.0 -55.3 -85.0 255.0 83.9 14788.5 397.6 -----
SIGW 113.6 -56.9 -85.0 255.0 86.8 15243.0 402.8 -----
SIGT 105.0 -58.7 -85.1 248.8 87.4 15738.9 408.6 -----
SIGT 103.0 -58.1 -85.1 247.3 87.6 15859.9 412.0 -----
SIGT 102.0 -56.7 -85.1 246.6 87.7 15921.6 415.8 -----
MAND 100.0 -56.1 -85.1 245.0 87.8 16047.3 419.4 -----
SIGT 87.2 -59.5 -85.1 243.1 75.1 16911.6 429.3 -----
SIGT 75.5 -57.3 -85.1 241.1 61.8 17818.2 451.9 -----
SIGW 70.0 -58.3 -85.1 240.0 54.8 18292.0 459.6 -----
MAND 70.0 -58.3 -85.1 240.0 54.8 18295.4 459.7 -----
SIGT 64.5 -59.7 -85.1 234.4 47.6 18808.9 467.5 -----
SIGT 63.0 -58.1 -85.1 232.7 45.5 18956.6 474.2 -----
SIGW 60.5 -59.4 -85.1 230.0 42.0 19207.0 476.8 -----
SIGT 56.3 -61.7 -85.1 241.1 53.0 19659.2 481.5 -----
SIGW 54.9 -62.0 -85.1 245.0 56.9 19817.0 484.4 -----
MAND 50.0 -62.9 -85.1 255.0 52.8 20392.4 495.3 -----
SIGT 49.0 -62.1 -85.1 253.2 51.4 20517.1 500.0 -----
SIGW 47.3 -63.3 -85.1 250.0 49.0 20731.0 502.1 -----
SIGT 47.1 -63.5 -85.1 250.0 49.8 20760.8 502.4 -----
SIGT 44.6 -61.9 -85.1 250.0 59.1 21097.2 514.2 -----
SIGW 42.9 -62.4 -85.1 250.0 65.9 21341.0 518.9 -----
SIGT 41.6 -62.7 -85.1 250.0 68.3 21527.4 522.5 -----
SIGW 40.8 -61.2 -85.1 250.0 69.9 21646.0 529.2 -----
SIGT 39.4 -58.3 -85.1 252.4 67.3 21865.9 541.8 -----
SIGT 36.5 -58.3 -85.1 257.7 61.4 22347.2 553.8 -----
SIGW 35.3 -59.7 -85.1 260.0 58.9 22560.0 555.6 -----
SIGT 35.1 -59.9 -85.1 258.4 57.4 22592.5 555.8 -----
SIGW 33.6 -58.3 -85.1 245.0 44.9 22865.0 567.0 -----
SIGT 32.9 -57.5 -85.1 244.1 44.9 22999.3 572.6 -----
MAND 30.0 -59.7 -85.1 240.0 44.9 23579.4 581.9 -----
SIGW 26.3 -63.4 -85.1 235.0 43.9 24390.0 593.8 -----
SIGT 23.7 -66.3 -85.1 259.5 61.3 25030.9 603.3 -----
SIGT 22.8 -64.3 -85.1 268.6 67.7 25266.7 615.9 -----
SIGW 22.7 -64.4 -85.1 270.0 68.8 25304.0 616.7 -----
SIGW 21.6 -65.0 -85.1 275.0 56.9 25609.0 623.8 -----
SIGT 21.0 -65.3 -85.1 264.5 62.1 25768.7 627.5 -----
SIGW 20.5 -63.7 -85.1 255.0 66.8 25914.0 636.5 -----
MAND 20.0 -62.1 -85.1 255.0 69.9 26068.1 646.1 -----
SIGT 18.6 -60.1 -85.1 255.0 68.9 26519.1 665.9 -----
SIGT 16.5 -54.7 -85.1 255.0 67.2 27276.4 706.6 -----
SIGW 16.1 -54.2 -85.1 255.0 66.8 27439.0 713.4 -----
SIGT 14.5 -52.1 -85.1 ----- ----- 28108.4 741.9 -----
SIGT 12.3 -53.9 -85.1 ----- ----- 29169.9 771.3 -----
SIGT 11.5 -51.1 -85.1 ----- ----- 29604.7 796.4 -----
SIGT 10.0 -50.9 -84.9 ----- ----- 30514.4 829.6 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 17 Nov 2018321
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -2.7 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 277.4 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 286.1 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 3.4 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 912 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -3.0 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 912 mb
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 6.5 C
K Index (KI) = 11.0
Lifted Index (LI) = 12.3
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 124.6
Showalter Index (ShI) = 11.5
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 41.1
Precipitable Water (PW) = 10.2 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = 23 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 290 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 24 J/kg
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 319 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 311 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
================================================================================
UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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