================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018117 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=105
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 986.0 7.8 2.8 235.0 9.9 221.0 282.1 4.753
SIGT 982.0 7.0 2.0 235.0 11.2 254.5 281.6 4.506
SIGT 965.0 5.6 -0.4 235.0 16.7 397.9 281.6 3.852
SIGT 953.0 7.0 -1.0 235.0 20.7 500.6 284.0 3.732
SIGW 940.5 6.6 -0.9 235.0 24.9 609.0 284.8 3.807
MAND 925.0 6.2 -0.8 250.0 18.8 745.6 285.7 3.903
SIGT 911.0 6.0 0.0 264.9 16.7 870.7 286.7 4.203
SIGW 906.2 5.6 -0.2 270.0 15.9 914.0 286.8 4.166
SIGW 872.8 3.2 -1.6 285.0 15.9 1219.0 287.3 3.914
SIGT 855.0 1.8 -2.3 292.8 15.2 1386.9 287.6 3.780
SIGT 851.0 2.0 -3.0 294.6 15.0 1424.8 288.2 3.604
MAND 850.0 2.0 -4.0 295.0 15.0 1434.3 288.3 3.347
SIGT 843.0 2.8 -15.2 295.8 14.6 1501.2 289.8 1.391
SIGT 837.0 3.2 -18.8 296.6 14.3 1559.0 290.8 1.035
SIGW 809.5 2.0 -26.0 300.0 12.8 1829.0 292.3 0.567
SIGT 805.0 1.8 -27.2 303.0 12.4 1874.0 292.6 0.511
SIGT 799.0 1.4 -20.6 306.9 11.8 1934.3 292.8 0.928
SIGT 793.0 1.2 -20.8 310.9 11.2 1994.9 293.2 0.919
SIGT 785.0 0.6 -13.4 316.2 10.5 2076.4 293.4 1.732
SIGW 779.4 1.2 -24.0 320.0 9.9 2134.0 294.6 0.703
SIGT 777.0 1.4 -28.6 321.6 9.7 2158.7 295.1 0.465
SIGT 753.0 0.2 -31.8 338.1 8.1 2410.6 296.5 0.355
SIGW 750.3 0.4 -33.2 340.0 8.0 2439.0 297.0 0.312
SIGT 741.0 1.0 -38.0 336.7 8.9 2539.5 298.7 0.195
SIGT 725.0 0.4 -20.6 330.9 10.6 2714.7 299.9 1.023
SIGW 722.4 0.3 -21.8 330.0 10.9 2743.0 300.1 0.924
SIGT 711.0 -0.3 -27.3 322.4 11.4 2870.9 300.8 0.573
SIGT 702.0 -1.1 -18.1 316.4 11.8 2972.7 301.0 1.310
MAND 700.0 -1.1 -18.1 315.0 11.8 2995.4 301.3 1.313
SIGW 695.4 -1.4 -18.8 310.0 11.8 3048.0 301.5 1.243
SIGT 670.0 -2.9 -22.9 324.5 10.9 3343.7 303.1 0.905
SIGW 669.2 -3.0 -23.0 325.0 10.9 3353.0 303.1 0.901
SIGW 643.5 -4.9 -24.9 305.0 14.0 3658.0 304.3 0.787
SIGW 594.9 -8.9 -28.9 290.0 15.0 4268.0 306.6 0.594
SIGT 551.0 -12.7 -32.7 275.3 16.9 4864.7 308.9 0.445
SIGW 550.0 -12.8 -32.8 275.0 16.9 4878.0 308.9 0.442
SIGT 525.0 -15.9 -34.9 270.1 19.4 5231.4 309.3 0.377
SIGT 508.0 -17.3 -38.3 266.7 21.1 5478.9 310.5 0.277
MAND 500.0 -18.1 -37.1 265.0 22.0 5597.7 311.0 0.318
SIGT 490.0 -18.9 -33.9 260.5 24.6 5748.5 311.8 0.445
SIGW 467.5 -21.1 -38.8 250.0 30.9 6097.0 313.3 0.287
SIGT 457.0 -22.1 -41.1 250.7 31.3 6264.7 314.1 0.229
SIGT 432.0 -25.7 -41.7 252.6 32.4 6675.7 314.6 0.228
MAND 400.0 -30.1 -53.1 255.0 33.8 7228.8 315.9 0.075
SIGT 384.0 -32.3 -60.3 258.7 33.1 7518.2 316.7 0.035
SIGW 378.4 -33.1 -59.6 260.0 32.8 7621.0 316.9 0.039
SIGW 346.6 -38.1 -55.2 265.0 32.8 8231.0 318.3 0.067
SIGT 343.0 -38.7 -54.7 263.8 33.0 8304.5 318.4 0.072
SIGT 338.0 -39.3 -52.3 262.1 33.2 8405.2 318.9 0.097
SIGT 332.0 -39.7 -55.7 260.1 33.5 8527.8 320.0 0.067
SIGW 302.9 -45.3 -58.6 250.0 35.0 9146.0 320.6 0.055
MAND 300.0 -45.9 -58.9 255.0 35.9 9211.9 320.7 0.053
SIGW 289.4 -47.4 -62.0 245.0 38.9 9451.0 321.9 0.040
SIGT 287.0 -47.7 -62.7 245.0 38.7 9505.8 322.2 0.038
SIGT 276.0 -50.1 -65.1 245.0 38.2 9762.6 322.3 -----
SIGT 257.0 -54.5 -64.5 245.0 37.3 10224.1 322.5 -----
SIGT 251.0 -55.7 -62.7 245.0 37.0 10375.1 322.9 0.0
MAND 250.0 -55.9 -62.9 245.0 36.9 10400.5 323.0 0.0
SIGT 240.0 -58.1 -64.1 243.2 39.4 10659.0 323.5 -----
SIGT 234.0 -59.1 -67.1 242.1 41.0 10818.2 324.3 -----
TRO1 223.0 -61.9 -69.9 240.0 43.9 11118.2 324.5 -----
SIGT 215.0 -61.9 -69.9 242.4 47.3 11344.3 327.9 -----
SIGW 206.9 -59.7 -72.1 245.0 50.9 11585.0 335.0 -----
SIGT 204.0 -58.9 -72.9 245.0 49.2 11671.7 337.6 -----
MAND 200.0 -59.5 -74.5 245.0 46.8 11795.9 338.6 -----
SIGT 198.0 -59.9 -74.9 245.3 46.7 11858.7 338.9 -----
SIGT 194.0 -59.1 -75.1 246.0 46.5 11986.5 342.2 -----
SIGT 191.0 -56.9 -75.9 246.6 46.4 12084.8 347.2 -----
SIGT 181.0 -57.5 -81.5 248.5 45.8 12425.0 351.6 -----
SIGT 179.0 -56.7 -81.7 248.8 45.7 12495.4 354.0 -----
SIGT 174.0 -56.3 -81.3 249.8 45.4 12675.2 357.6 -----
SIGT 164.0 -57.3 -82.3 251.9 44.8 13050.4 362.0 -----
SIGT 160.0 -55.3 -81.3 252.7 44.6 13207.3 368.0 -----
SIGT 154.0 -56.9 -81.9 254.1 44.2 13450.4 369.3 -----
MAND 150.0 -56.3 -81.3 255.0 43.9 13617.4 373.1 -----
SIGT 148.0 -56.5 -81.5 254.7 43.4 13702.7 374.2 -----
SIGT 145.0 -54.9 -80.9 254.2 42.6 13833.1 379.2 -----
SIGT 137.0 -56.3 -81.3 252.8 40.3 14194.9 382.9 -----
SIGT 134.0 -55.3 -81.3 252.2 39.5 14335.9 387.1 -----
SIGT 129.0 -55.1 -81.1 251.3 38.0 14578.8 391.7 -----
SIGT 123.0 -56.5 -81.5 250.1 36.1 14882.1 394.5 -----
SIGT 116.0 -54.7 -80.7 248.7 33.8 15255.6 404.5 -----
SIGT 110.0 -55.5 -81.5 247.3 31.7 15594.9 409.2 -----
MAND 100.0 -57.1 -82.1 245.0 28.0 16200.5 417.4 -----
SIGT 77.5 -57.1 -82.1 252.2 26.4 17814.1 449.0 -----
SIGT 74.7 -58.7 -83.7 253.2 26.2 18046.2 450.4 -----
MAND 70.0 -57.1 -82.1 255.0 25.8 18456.1 462.2 -----
SIGT 58.7 -57.7 -82.7 252.4 21.7 19569.1 484.8 -----
SIGT 56.8 -55.5 -81.5 251.9 20.9 19777.9 494.4 -----
SIGT 54.0 -57.1 -83.1 251.1 19.7 20099.1 497.9 -----
MAND 50.0 -55.9 -82.9 250.0 17.9 20587.6 511.8 -----
SIGT 46.4 -55.1 -82.1 253.7 18.2 21064.2 524.7 -----
SIGT 35.7 -57.5 -83.5 266.5 19.2 22729.9 559.4 -----
MAND 30.0 -54.5 -82.5 275.0 19.8 23836.7 596.1 -----
SIGT 28.1 -53.3 -82.3 271.0 19.8 24257.0 610.7 -----
SIGT 23.9 -53.1 -82.1 261.0 19.8 25300.4 640.2 -----
SIGT 22.6 -50.9 -80.9 257.6 19.8 25662.8 657.0 -----
MAND 20.0 -50.5 -81.5 250.0 19.8 26459.4 681.6 -----
SIGT 16.3 -52.1 -82.1 258.7 18.7 27789.2 717.5 -----
SIGT 14.8 -50.5 -81.5 262.8 18.2 28416.8 742.9 -----
SIGT 13.4 -45.1 -80.1 267.1 17.6 29072.9 782.9 -----
SIGT 11.8 -44.7 -79.7 272.7 16.9 29923.3 813.3 -----
SIGT 10.2 -40.9 -77.9 279.1 16.0 30906.8 862.0 -----
MAND 10.0 -41.1 -78.1 280.0 15.9 31041.5 866.2 -----
SIGT 8.2 -38.7 -75.7 ----- ----- 32397.8 926.2 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 27 Apr 2018117
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -0.3 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 284.6 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 295.2 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 4.0 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 848 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -1.6 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 848 mb
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 14.8 C
K Index (KI) = -0.9
Lifted Index (LI) = 14.2
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 51.9
Showalter Index (ShI) = 12.8
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 34.2
Precipitable Water (PW) = 8.2 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = -1 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 300 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -----
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 321 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 303 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
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UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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