================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018288 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=130 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 993.0 12.2 5.2 250.0 4.9 221.0 285.9 5.595 SIGT 989.0 12.8 3.8 241.3 4.9 254.9 286.9 5.089 SIGW 948.1 10.9 1.9 150.0 5.8 609.0 288.4 4.634 SIGT 946.0 10.8 1.8 151.8 5.9 627.1 288.5 4.612 MAND 925.0 9.2 -0.8 170.0 7.0 813.9 288.7 3.903 SIGW 913.8 8.3 -1.2 170.0 8.9 914.0 288.8 3.848 SIGT 882.0 5.8 -2.2 170.0 9.9 1206.2 289.2 3.691 SIGW 880.6 5.7 -2.5 170.0 9.9 1219.0 289.2 3.605 MAND 850.0 3.8 -10.2 220.0 12.8 1507.7 290.1 2.070 SIGT 834.0 3.0 -13.0 239.2 12.8 1661.9 290.9 1.684 SIGW 816.9 2.0 -15.9 260.0 12.8 1829.0 291.5 1.355 SIGT 807.0 1.4 -17.6 258.4 12.8 1927.6 291.9 1.188 SIGT 798.0 0.8 -14.2 256.9 12.8 2017.8 292.2 1.596 SIGT 787.0 0.6 -11.4 255.1 12.8 2129.3 293.2 2.032 SIGW 786.5 0.6 -11.6 255.0 12.8 2134.0 293.2 2.008 SIGT 781.0 0.6 -13.4 255.0 13.2 2190.8 293.8 1.741 SIGT 776.0 1.2 -21.8 255.0 13.6 2242.4 295.0 0.861 SIGT 761.0 2.0 -43.0 255.0 14.7 2399.6 297.5 0.112 SIGW 757.3 2.0 -41.0 255.0 15.0 2439.0 297.9 0.139 SIGT 746.0 2.0 -35.0 253.0 15.3 2560.1 299.2 0.263 SIGW 729.2 0.9 -10.1 250.0 15.9 2743.0 299.9 2.438 SIGT 728.0 0.8 -8.2 249.6 16.0 2756.8 300.0 2.831 SIGT 706.0 -0.7 -9.7 242.1 16.7 3002.8 301.0 2.595 MAND 700.0 -0.9 -9.9 240.0 16.9 3071.0 301.5 2.576 SIGT 664.0 -2.1 -12.1 257.9 22.6 3491.9 304.7 2.277 SIGT 654.0 -2.7 -13.7 263.1 24.2 3612.5 305.4 2.030 SIGW 650.3 -3.1 -13.0 265.0 24.9 3658.0 305.5 2.170 SIGT 644.0 -3.7 -11.7 265.6 26.4 3734.5 305.6 2.425 SIGT 636.0 -3.9 -15.9 266.4 28.3 3833.3 306.5 1.740 SIGT 606.0 -6.1 -16.1 269.6 35.8 4213.3 308.2 1.796 SIGW 601.8 -6.2 -20.5 270.0 36.9 4268.0 308.6 1.249 SIGT 600.0 -6.3 -22.3 270.0 36.8 4291.2 308.8 1.066 SIGT 567.0 -7.9 -34.9 270.0 34.5 4732.4 312.0 0.349 SIGW 556.4 -8.8 -36.0 270.0 33.8 4878.0 312.7 0.319 SIGT 524.0 -11.5 -39.5 267.2 39.0 5341.3 314.8 0.237 SIGT 501.0 -14.3 -37.3 265.1 42.8 5683.7 315.4 0.311 MAND 500.0 -14.3 -37.3 265.0 42.9 5698.8 315.6 0.311 SIGW 493.9 -14.6 -41.0 270.0 46.8 5792.0 316.4 0.216 SIGT 491.0 -14.7 -42.7 270.0 46.7 5836.5 316.8 0.180 SIGW 474.3 -17.2 -41.5 270.0 45.8 6097.0 316.9 0.211 SIGT 468.0 -18.1 -41.1 272.5 45.4 6197.5 316.9 0.224 SIGT 462.0 -18.1 -52.1 274.8 44.9 6293.9 318.1 0.072 SIGW 437.0 -20.8 -58.6 285.0 42.9 6707.0 319.8 0.038 SIGT 429.0 -21.7 -60.7 281.8 44.6 6843.9 320.3 0.030 MAND 400.0 -26.1 -63.1 270.0 50.9 7355.0 321.1 0.026 SIGT 399.0 -26.3 -62.3 270.0 51.2 7373.2 321.0 0.028 SIGW 385.4 -28.1 -62.0 270.0 55.9 7621.0 321.9 0.030 SIGW 369.2 -30.4 -61.6 265.0 56.9 7926.0 322.9 0.033 SIGT 345.0 -33.9 -60.9 267.0 57.3 8408.8 324.4 0.037 SIGT 319.0 -38.9 -52.9 269.2 57.7 8952.4 324.8 0.096 SIGT 313.0 -39.9 -49.9 269.7 57.8 9082.4 325.2 0.130 SIGW 310.1 -40.4 -50.7 270.0 57.9 9146.0 325.3 0.123 SIGT 303.0 -41.7 -52.7 270.0 57.9 9303.5 325.7 0.103 MAND 300.0 -42.5 -52.5 270.0 57.9 9370.9 325.5 0.107 SIGW 283.2 -46.0 -55.2 265.0 59.8 9756.0 325.9 0.081 SIGT 277.0 -47.3 -56.3 265.0 62.7 9904.4 326.1 0.076 SIGT 269.0 -48.7 -53.7 265.0 66.5 10097.7 326.8 0.104 SIGT 258.0 -51.1 -55.1 265.0 71.8 10370.8 327.2 0.091 MAND 250.0 -52.7 -56.9 265.0 75.8 10575.1 327.7 0.079 TRO1 242.0 -54.1 -59.1 270.0 77.9 10784.5 328.7 0.064 SIGT 238.0 -53.7 -59.7 272.8 83.0 10891.6 330.9 0.061 MAXW 235.0 -52.9 -63.9 275.0 86.8 10973.4 333.3 ----- SIGT 232.0 -52.1 -68.1 274.6 86.2 11056.3 335.7 ----- SIGT 227.0 -51.7 -81.7 273.9 85.1 11197.6 338.4 ----- SIGT 222.0 -49.7 -83.7 273.2 84.0 11342.8 343.7 ----- SIGT 214.0 -49.7 -83.7 272.1 82.2 11583.1 347.3 ----- SIGT 206.0 -51.1 -85.1 270.9 80.3 11831.7 348.9 ----- MAND 200.0 -51.3 -84.3 270.0 78.9 12024.0 351.5 ----- SIGT 178.0 -53.1 -85.1 272.0 74.7 12778.4 360.5 ----- SIGT 170.0 -54.7 -84.9 272.8 73.1 13073.8 362.6 ----- SIGT 166.0 -53.9 -84.8 273.2 72.3 13226.5 366.4 ----- SIGT 162.0 -54.3 -84.8 273.7 71.4 13383.1 368.3 ----- MAND 150.0 -56.3 -84.7 275.0 68.8 13874.4 373.1 ----- SIGW 146.5 -57.1 -84.7 275.0 74.8 14024.0 374.3 ----- SIGT 134.0 -60.1 -84.7 262.7 62.5 14584.8 378.6 ----- SIGW 126.6 -61.2 -84.7 255.0 54.8 14939.0 382.9 ----- SIGW 120.5 -62.1 -84.7 255.0 61.8 15243.0 386.6 ----- SIGT 119.0 -62.3 -84.7 256.6 61.9 15322.1 387.6 ----- SIGT 114.0 -62.1 -84.7 262.0 62.3 15587.4 392.8 ----- TRO2 107.0 -64.3 -84.7 270.0 62.9 15977.2 395.8 ----- SIGT 105.0 -63.1 -84.7 270.0 62.9 16093.0 400.2 ----- MAND 100.0 -63.3 -84.7 270.0 62.9 16393.2 405.4 ----- SIGT 95.9 -61.3 -84.7 270.0 54.8 16651.8 414.2 ----- SIGT 91.5 -62.9 -84.7 270.0 45.6 16942.3 416.7 ----- SIGW 85.2 -63.0 -84.7 270.0 31.9 17378.0 424.9 ----- SIGT 82.2 -63.1 -84.7 259.0 32.6 17602.3 429.2 ----- SIGT 79.3 -60.9 -84.7 248.0 33.3 17824.5 438.2 ----- SIGW 77.2 -61.5 -84.7 240.0 33.8 17987.0 440.2 ----- SIGT 76.1 -61.9 -84.7 247.6 35.9 18080.1 441.3 ----- SIGW 73.5 -61.7 -84.7 265.0 40.8 18292.0 446.0 ----- MAND 70.0 -61.5 -84.7 270.0 35.9 18597.7 452.8 ----- SIGT 68.0 -60.3 -84.7 274.4 33.6 18778.0 459.2 ----- SIGW 63.5 -61.7 -84.7 285.0 28.0 19207.0 465.2 ----- SIGT 61.8 -62.3 -84.7 263.4 26.3 19371.5 467.5 ----- SIGT 60.5 -60.5 -84.7 246.1 25.0 19503.4 474.4 ----- SIGW 60.4 -60.5 -84.7 245.0 24.9 19512.0 474.5 ----- SIGT 58.4 -61.5 -84.7 245.0 27.3 19723.0 476.9 ----- SIGW 54.8 -59.7 -84.7 245.0 31.9 20121.0 489.7 ----- SIGW 52.2 -58.4 -84.7 280.0 24.9 20426.0 499.7 ----- SIGT 52.0 -58.3 -84.7 276.7 24.8 20448.3 500.5 ----- MAND 50.0 -59.1 -84.7 240.0 23.9 20694.7 504.2 ----- SIGT 47.5 -59.9 -84.7 249.4 24.8 21015.8 509.8 ----- SIGW 47.3 -59.8 -84.7 250.0 24.9 21036.0 510.4 ----- SIGW 45.1 -58.8 -84.7 240.0 22.0 21341.0 520.1 ----- SIGW 43.0 -57.7 -84.7 230.0 22.0 21646.0 530.0 ----- SIGT 42.6 -57.5 -84.7 233.1 22.3 21700.0 531.8 ----- SIGW 39.0 -57.7 -84.7 265.0 25.8 22256.0 544.8 ----- SIGW 33.7 -58.1 -84.7 245.0 17.9 23170.0 566.9 ----- SIGT 33.5 -58.1 -84.7 243.5 18.3 23216.3 568.1 ----- SIGT 32.5 -56.5 -84.7 237.2 20.3 23408.0 577.3 ----- SIGW 32.2 -56.8 -84.7 235.0 21.0 23475.0 578.3 ----- SIGT 31.5 -57.3 -84.7 243.6 24.4 23606.0 580.3 ----- SIGW 30.7 -55.8 -84.7 255.0 28.9 23780.0 588.8 ----- MAND 30.0 -54.7 -84.7 255.0 21.0 23916.5 595.5 ----- SIGW 27.9 -55.1 -84.7 270.0 18.8 24390.0 607.2 ----- SIGW 26.6 -55.4 -84.7 240.0 15.0 24695.0 614.7 ----- SIGW 25.3 -55.7 -84.7 265.0 19.8 25000.0 622.4 ----- SIGT 25.1 -55.7 -84.7 261.4 20.0 25055.3 623.8 ----- SIGW 24.1 -54.0 -84.7 245.0 21.0 25304.0 635.9 ----- SIGT 23.9 -53.5 -84.7 246.1 21.3 25369.0 639.0 ----- MAND 20.0 -51.7 -84.7 265.0 26.8 26520.3 678.0 ----- SIGT 17.5 -53.1 -84.5 260.3 21.3 27384.0 699.9 ----- SIGW 17.4 -52.6 -84.5 260.0 21.0 27439.0 703.1 ----- SIGT 17.0 -51.5 -84.5 259.5 21.0 27571.6 710.9 ----- SIGT 14.7 -50.5 -84.5 255.5 21.0 28517.8 744.4 ----- SIGT 13.9 -46.7 -81.7 254.0 21.0 28886.0 769.3 ----- SIGT 11.5 -49.5 -83.5 248.8 21.0 30135.9 802.1 ----- SIGT 10.4 -47.1 -82.1 246.1 21.0 30798.3 834.4 ----- MAND 10.0 -47.3 -82.3 245.0 21.0 31058.0 843.0 ----- SIGT 8.0 -46.7 -81.7 ----- ----- 32536.6 901.0 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 15 Oct 2018288 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 1.1 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 288.2 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 299.9 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 4.4 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 821 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -0.8 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 821 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 17.3 C K Index (KI) = -1.1 Lifted Index (LI) = 14.7 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 68.6 Showalter Index (ShI) = 17.5 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 22.2 Precipitable Water (PW) = 10.7 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = 78 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 303 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 326 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 303 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done