================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2020228 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=148 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 991.0 26.8 11.8 50.0 5.8 221.0 300.7 8.817 SIGT 986.0 25.6 10.6 50.0 6.5 265.6 300.0 8.175 SIGW 947.9 22.3 9.1 50.0 11.8 609.0 300.0 7.693 MAND 925.0 20.2 8.2 60.0 15.9 822.2 300.0 7.405 SIGW 915.2 19.3 7.3 65.0 15.9 914.0 300.0 7.039 SIGT 914.0 19.2 7.2 64.8 16.0 925.3 300.0 6.995 SIGT 900.0 18.4 4.4 62.6 16.8 1057.9 300.5 5.840 SIGT 896.0 18.6 -0.4 62.0 17.1 1096.1 301.1 4.150 SIGT 889.0 18.4 -3.6 60.9 17.5 1163.2 301.5 3.297 SIGW 883.2 18.0 -3.6 60.0 17.9 1219.0 301.6 3.319 MAND 850.0 15.4 -3.6 70.0 10.9 1545.3 302.3 3.450 SIGW 821.9 13.1 -3.4 90.0 7.0 1829.0 302.8 3.613 SIGT 816.0 12.6 -3.4 115.8 5.8 1889.5 302.9 3.649 SIGT 809.0 12.6 -3.4 146.6 4.4 1961.8 303.6 3.680 SIGT 798.0 13.0 -13.0 195.6 2.1 2076.7 305.2 1.760 SIGW 792.6 12.6 -11.4 220.0 1.0 2134.0 305.4 2.013 SIGT 768.0 10.8 -4.2 319.3 5.2 2397.2 306.2 3.651 SIGW 764.2 10.5 -4.7 335.0 5.8 2439.0 306.3 3.545 SIGT 743.0 8.8 -7.2 315.8 5.1 2672.2 307.0 2.999 SIGW 736.7 9.0 -4.7 310.0 4.9 2743.0 307.9 3.673 SIGT 735.0 9.0 -4.0 310.7 4.9 2761.8 308.1 3.874 SIGT 730.0 9.6 -9.4 312.7 5.0 2818.4 309.4 2.569 SIGT 727.0 9.4 -8.6 313.9 5.1 2852.6 309.5 2.748 SIGT 721.0 9.0 -6.0 316.3 5.3 2921.3 309.8 3.391 MAND 700.0 7.2 -6.8 325.0 5.8 3165.4 310.5 3.284 SIGT 685.0 5.8 -9.2 321.4 6.6 3343.2 310.8 2.782 SIGT 665.0 4.6 -14.4 316.5 7.6 3585.2 312.1 1.885 SIGW 659.1 4.6 -7.7 315.0 8.0 3658.0 312.9 3.266 SIGT 658.0 4.6 -6.4 314.7 8.0 3671.5 313.1 3.605 SIGT 652.0 4.4 -7.6 312.8 8.4 3746.2 313.7 3.315 SIGT 616.0 0.4 -9.6 301.5 10.6 4205.6 314.2 2.999 SIGW 611.2 -0.1 -8.7 300.0 10.9 4268.0 314.3 3.246 SIGT 606.0 -0.7 -7.7 303.9 11.2 4336.8 314.4 3.540 SIGT 596.0 -1.5 -10.5 311.6 11.9 4469.7 315.0 2.886 SIGT 577.0 -3.5 -12.5 326.3 13.2 4727.1 315.6 2.538 SIGT 571.0 -3.9 -12.9 331.1 13.6 4809.7 316.1 2.483 SIGW 566.1 -4.1 -16.2 335.0 14.0 4878.0 316.6 1.906 SIGT 563.0 -4.3 -18.3 333.6 14.4 4921.1 316.9 1.606 SIGT 558.0 -4.7 -17.7 331.3 15.1 4991.4 317.2 1.706 SIGT 555.0 -4.3 -27.3 329.9 15.5 5033.8 318.2 0.735 SIGT 551.0 -4.5 -31.5 328.0 16.0 5090.8 318.6 0.499 SIGT 531.0 -6.7 -18.7 318.5 18.8 5380.9 319.3 1.646 SIGW 523.8 -7.6 -20.5 315.0 19.8 5487.0 319.5 1.430 SIGT 523.0 -7.7 -20.7 315.0 19.7 5499.3 319.5 1.407 SIGT 519.0 -7.5 -32.5 315.0 19.0 5559.0 320.5 0.482 SIGT 517.0 -7.9 -24.9 315.0 18.7 5589.1 320.3 0.981 SIGT 512.0 -8.3 -25.3 315.0 17.9 5664.6 320.7 0.956 SIGT 502.0 -9.3 -37.3 315.0 16.3 5817.4 321.3 0.310 MAND 500.0 -9.5 -35.5 315.0 15.9 5848.3 321.5 0.373 SIGT 491.0 -10.5 -34.5 323.4 15.4 5988.4 321.9 0.419 SIGT 485.0 -10.9 -52.9 329.2 15.0 6083.0 322.6 0.063 SIGW 484.1 -11.0 -53.0 330.0 15.0 6097.0 322.6 0.062 SIGW 464.9 -13.4 -55.7 330.0 14.0 6402.0 323.4 0.048 SIGT 414.0 -20.3 -63.3 302.9 21.7 7277.5 325.4 ----- MAND 400.0 -21.3 -64.3 295.0 23.9 7531.8 327.3 ----- SIGT 398.0 -21.3 -64.3 295.0 23.5 7568.8 327.8 ----- SIGW 395.2 -21.8 -64.6 295.0 22.9 7621.0 327.8 ----- SIGT 365.0 -27.1 -68.1 293.1 26.3 8200.2 328.3 ----- SIGW 319.5 -33.8 -73.1 290.0 31.9 9146.0 331.7 ----- SIGT 314.0 -34.7 -73.7 287.2 36.3 9268.5 332.1 ----- SIGT 304.0 -35.9 -66.9 282.1 44.5 9494.1 333.5 ----- MAND 300.0 -36.3 -43.3 280.0 47.8 9586.1 334.2 0.3 SIGT 299.0 -36.5 -42.5 280.0 48.1 9609.2 334.3 0.3 SIGT 296.0 -36.9 -41.6 280.0 49.0 9679.1 334.7 0.3 SIGW 292.7 -37.6 -45.7 280.0 49.9 9756.0 334.8 0.2 SIGT 279.0 -40.5 -63.5 281.5 45.9 10085.5 335.2 ----- SIGT 276.0 -40.9 -76.9 281.9 45.0 10159.1 335.6 ----- SIGT 258.0 -43.3 -79.3 284.0 39.5 10615.7 338.6 ----- MAND 250.0 -45.3 -80.3 285.0 36.9 10826.9 338.7 ----- SIGT 245.0 -46.5 -81.5 286.5 34.5 10961.4 338.9 ----- SIGW 233.5 -47.7 -82.1 290.0 28.9 11280.0 341.8 ----- SIGT 226.0 -48.5 -82.5 285.7 35.3 11495.2 343.8 ----- SIGT 208.0 -51.9 -84.9 275.0 51.3 12037.4 346.7 ----- SIGT 204.0 -52.1 -85.1 272.5 55.1 12163.2 348.3 ----- SIGT 201.0 -50.9 -84.9 270.6 57.9 12259.4 351.7 ----- MAND 200.0 -50.7 -84.7 270.0 58.9 12291.9 352.5 ----- SIGT 198.0 -50.7 -84.7 270.4 59.2 12357.4 353.5 ----- SIGT 187.0 -52.3 ----- 272.9 61.2 12728.6 356.8 ----- MAXW 178.0 -52.3 ----- 275.0 62.9 13047.8 361.8 ----- SIGW 176.3 -52.3 ----- 275.0 62.9 13109.0 362.8 ----- SIGT 173.0 -52.3 ----- 277.4 61.1 13232.2 364.8 ----- MAND 150.0 -56.5 ----- 295.0 47.8 14146.6 372.7 ----- SIGW 145.7 -57.3 ----- 295.0 37.9 14329.0 374.5 ----- SIGT 137.0 -58.9 ----- 291.8 43.0 14718.9 378.3 ----- SIGW 132.3 -59.4 ----- 290.0 45.8 14939.0 381.2 ----- SIGT 130.0 -59.7 ----- 293.6 40.9 15047.5 382.6 ----- SIGT 127.0 -58.9 ----- 298.4 34.1 15193.8 386.6 ----- SIGW 126.0 -59.2 ----- 300.0 31.9 15243.0 387.0 ----- SIGW 120.0 -60.8 ----- 300.0 24.9 15548.0 389.5 ----- TRO1 114.0 -62.5 ----- 295.0 29.9 15866.1 392.0 ----- SIGT 111.0 -61.9 ----- 294.0 28.7 16030.9 396.1 ----- SIGT 108.0 -62.5 ----- 292.9 27.4 16200.3 398.1 ----- SIGT 105.0 -60.9 ----- 291.9 26.1 16374.8 404.4 ----- SIGT 103.0 -61.5 ----- 291.1 25.3 16494.2 405.5 ----- SIGT 101.0 -61.1 ----- 290.4 24.4 16616.0 408.5 ----- MAND 100.0 -61.9 ----- 290.0 23.9 16677.7 408.1 ----- SIGW 89.2 -63.7 ----- 315.0 29.9 17378.0 418.0 ----- SIGW 84.9 -64.5 ----- 285.0 23.9 17682.0 422.3 ----- SIGT 83.1 -64.9 ----- 306.9 21.9 17815.4 424.2 ----- SIGT 77.7 -61.9 ----- 14.6 15.9 18228.4 438.7 ----- SIGW 76.9 -62.2 ----- 25.0 15.0 18292.0 439.3 ----- SIGT 73.2 -63.7 ----- 0.1 0.0 18596.1 442.4 ----- SIGW 73.2 -63.7 ----- 0.0 0.0 18597.0 442.5 ----- MAND 70.0 -61.9 ----- 310.0 15.0 18871.6 452.0 ----- SIGW 66.3 -61.2 ----- 340.0 15.9 19207.0 460.5 ----- SIGT 65.7 -61.1 ----- 346.6 15.0 19264.8 462.0 ----- SIGT 63.1 -58.5 ----- 15.6 10.9 19517.2 473.1 ----- SIGT 59.6 -59.5 ----- 56.8 5.0 19875.3 478.6 ----- SIGW 57.3 -58.1 ----- 85.0 1.0 20121.0 487.2 ----- SIGT 55.1 -56.7 ----- 70.6 2.7 20370.0 495.9 ----- SIGT 50.1 -58.7 ----- 35.7 6.9 20970.5 504.9 ----- MAND 50.0 -58.5 ----- 35.0 7.0 20983.1 505.6 ----- SIGW 47.2 -57.4 ----- 340.0 2.9 21341.0 516.6 ----- SIGW 45.0 -56.4 ----- 35.0 10.9 21646.0 526.1 ----- SIGT 44.3 -56.1 ----- 40.0 11.9 21748.6 529.3 ----- SIGW 42.9 -57.2 ----- 50.0 14.0 21951.0 531.4 ----- SIGT 42.8 -57.3 ----- 51.1 14.0 21967.1 531.6 ----- SIGW 40.9 -56.8 ----- 70.0 15.0 22256.0 539.7 ----- SIGW 39.0 -56.4 ----- 55.0 14.0 22560.0 548.3 ----- SIGW 37.2 -55.9 ----- 80.0 12.8 22865.0 557.1 ----- SIGW 35.4 -55.4 ----- 40.0 15.9 23170.0 566.1 ----- SIGW 32.2 -54.4 ----- 85.0 16.9 23780.0 584.4 ----- SIGT 31.2 -54.1 ----- 71.7 17.3 23981.2 590.5 ----- MAND 30.0 -54.5 ----- 55.0 17.9 24232.8 596.1 ----- SIGW 27.9 -54.6 ----- 110.0 22.9 24695.0 608.1 ----- SIGT 27.1 -54.7 ----- 113.1 16.7 24883.8 613.1 ----- SIGW 26.6 -54.1 ----- 115.0 12.8 25000.0 617.9 ----- SIGW 25.4 -52.7 ----- 60.0 21.0 25304.0 630.4 ----- SIGT 24.9 -52.1 ----- 67.2 19.7 25429.0 635.6 ----- SIGW 23.1 -51.9 ----- 95.0 15.0 25914.0 649.8 ----- SIGT 22.6 -51.9 ----- 80.9 18.2 26057.0 654.1 ----- SIGW 22.0 -51.4 ----- 65.0 22.0 26219.0 660.3 ----- SIGW 20.1 -49.4 ----- 85.0 19.8 26829.0 684.3 ----- MAND 20.0 -49.3 ----- 80.0 23.9 26854.0 685.3 ----- SIGT 18.7 -47.7 ----- 80.0 22.4 27296.4 703.6 ----- SIGW 18.3 -47.6 ----- 80.0 22.0 27439.0 708.4 ----- SIGW 17.5 -47.2 ----- 105.0 17.9 27743.0 718.7 ----- SIGT 16.1 -46.7 ----- 99.0 25.0 28287.5 737.6 ----- SIGT 15.3 -47.9 ----- 95.4 29.5 28624.8 744.5 ----- SIGW 15.2 -47.8 ----- 95.0 29.9 28658.0 745.9 ----- SIGW 14.5 -46.7 ----- 90.0 17.9 28963.0 759.3 ----- SIGW 13.3 -44.6 ----- 50.0 17.9 29573.0 786.8 ----- SIGT 13.2 -44.5 ----- 52.2 17.7 29606.6 788.3 ----- SIGT 12.2 -45.5 ----- 86.8 14.3 30133.2 802.8 ----- SIGW 12.1 -45.3 ----- 90.0 14.0 30182.0 805.2 ----- SIGT 10.4 -40.7 ----- 82.1 15.5 31209.2 858.0 ----- MAND 10.0 -40.3 ----- 80.0 15.9 31476.6 869.2 ----- SIGT 6.9 -35.9 ----- ----- ----- 34032.2 984.7 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 15 Aug 2020228 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 8.0 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 300.1 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 319.5 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 7.2 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 767 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 5.1 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 767 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 29.5 C K Index (KI) = 7.3 Lifted Index (LI) = 7.0 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 37.7 Showalter Index (ShI) = 11.4 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 30.8 Precipitable Water (PW) = 18.1 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = 56 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 323 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 333 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 304 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done