================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018020 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=113 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 984.0 0.6 -3.9 235.0 15.9 221.0 275.0 2.911 SIGT 968.0 1.0 -8.0 231.6 23.1 352.8 276.7 2.160 SIGT 960.0 2.0 -9.0 229.9 26.7 419.7 278.4 2.014 SIGW 937.7 0.9 -9.5 225.0 36.9 609.0 279.1 1.982 MAND 925.0 0.2 -9.8 235.0 42.9 718.5 279.5 1.963 SIGW 902.6 -1.0 -10.4 255.0 52.8 914.0 280.2 1.920 SIGT 891.0 -1.7 -10.7 258.4 50.8 1017.7 280.6 1.897 SIGT 874.0 0.6 -11.4 263.5 47.7 1171.8 284.5 1.829 SIGW 868.9 0.9 -10.9 265.0 46.8 1219.0 285.3 1.916 MAND 850.0 2.0 -9.0 270.0 44.9 1396.0 288.3 2.276 SIGT 848.0 2.2 -8.8 270.7 44.0 1415.0 288.7 2.318 SIGW 836.7 4.3 -10.7 275.0 38.9 1524.0 292.0 2.015 SIGT 834.0 4.8 -11.2 275.0 39.2 1550.1 292.8 1.948 SIGT 826.0 4.6 -16.4 275.0 40.3 1628.7 293.4 1.284 SIGT 817.0 4.0 -14.0 275.0 41.4 1717.8 293.7 1.584 SIGW 805.9 4.1 -21.2 275.0 42.9 1829.0 294.9 0.870 SIGT 799.0 4.2 -25.8 276.1 43.8 1898.9 295.7 0.585 SIGW 776.2 3.1 -14.9 280.0 46.8 2134.0 297.0 1.552 SIGT 767.0 2.6 -10.4 283.2 47.1 2230.4 297.5 2.258 SIGW 747.4 1.5 -10.4 290.0 47.8 2439.0 298.5 2.311 SIGW 719.7 -0.1 -10.5 285.0 46.8 2743.0 300.0 2.391 SIGT 713.0 -0.5 -10.5 285.0 45.8 2817.8 300.4 2.411 MAND 700.0 -1.3 -8.3 285.0 43.9 2964.8 301.1 2.922 SIGT 699.0 -1.5 -8.5 285.1 44.0 2976.2 301.0 2.881 SIGT 654.0 -4.7 -11.7 288.9 48.6 3503.6 303.1 2.388 SIGW 641.3 -5.4 -14.1 290.0 49.9 3658.0 304.0 1.999 SIGT 625.0 -6.3 -17.3 290.0 45.6 3859.7 305.3 1.575 SIGT 601.0 -7.9 -14.9 290.0 39.1 4165.3 306.8 2.002 SIGW 593.1 -8.2 -18.7 290.0 36.9 4268.0 307.6 1.470 SIGT 583.0 -8.7 -23.7 291.1 38.4 4401.5 308.6 0.969 SIGT 569.0 -9.5 -25.5 292.6 40.6 4589.7 309.8 0.845 SIGT 556.0 -11.3 -20.3 294.1 42.6 4767.7 309.7 1.370 SIGT 550.0 -11.9 -21.9 294.8 43.6 4850.9 310.0 1.205 SIGW 548.1 -12.0 -24.4 295.0 43.9 4878.0 310.2 0.967 SIGT 546.0 -12.1 -27.1 295.0 44.3 4906.8 310.4 0.761 SIGT 541.0 -12.5 -31.5 295.0 45.2 4977.2 310.7 0.509 SIGT 521.0 -14.7 -34.7 295.0 48.9 5263.7 311.4 0.387 MAND 500.0 -16.9 -26.9 295.0 52.8 5574.1 312.4 0.846 SIGT 496.0 -17.3 -25.3 294.4 53.9 5634.4 312.7 0.987 SIGT 475.0 -19.5 -35.5 291.3 59.4 5957.4 313.8 0.392 SIGW 466.1 -20.6 -31.8 290.0 61.8 6097.0 314.1 0.574 SIGT 464.0 -20.9 -30.9 290.0 61.9 6131.2 314.2 0.628 SIGT 417.0 -27.9 -32.0 290.0 64.8 6909.9 315.0 0.629 SIGT 401.0 -29.9 -34.0 290.0 65.8 7190.0 315.9 0.539 MAND 400.0 -29.9 -34.2 290.0 65.9 7207.8 316.1 0.530 SIGT 391.0 -30.9 -37.9 290.0 66.2 7369.7 316.9 0.374 SIGT 379.0 -32.9 -38.9 290.0 66.8 7590.1 317.1 0.349 SIGW 377.3 -33.1 -39.5 290.0 66.8 7621.0 317.2 0.330 SIGT 365.0 -34.7 -43.7 290.8 67.0 7854.1 318.1 0.217 SIGT 349.0 -37.7 -44.7 291.8 67.2 8165.4 318.2 0.203 SIGT 334.0 -40.3 -49.3 292.8 67.4 8466.8 318.6 0.129 SIGW 301.9 -46.1 -55.1 295.0 67.8 9146.0 319.8 0.077 MAND 300.0 -46.5 -55.5 295.0 67.8 9189.6 319.8 0.075 SIGW 288.3 -49.0 -57.2 300.0 66.8 9451.0 319.9 0.067 SIGT 286.0 -49.5 -57.5 300.3 67.6 9504.9 319.9 0.065 SIGT 265.0 -52.7 -62.7 303.0 74.6 10001.1 322.3 0.041 MAND 250.0 -55.9 -63.9 305.0 79.8 10374.7 323.0 ----- SIGT 245.0 -56.9 -63.9 306.4 81.8 10503.0 323.4 ----- SIGW 216.3 -62.6 -70.5 315.0 93.8 11280.0 326.3 ----- MAXW 215.0 -62.9 -70.8 315.0 93.8 11318.5 326.4 ----- SIGT 213.0 -63.3 -71.3 315.0 92.5 11376.8 326.6 ----- TRO1 203.0 -64.1 -71.1 315.0 85.9 11671.9 329.9 ----- MAND 200.0 -62.5 -70.5 315.0 79.8 11763.5 333.8 ----- SIGT 189.0 -61.9 -71.9 290.7 55.6 12113.1 340.2 ----- SIGW 186.5 -62.2 -72.3 285.0 49.9 12195.0 341.1 ----- SIGT 174.0 -63.5 -74.5 292.0 61.1 12623.1 345.7 ----- SIGT 172.0 -63.1 -75.1 293.2 63.0 12694.1 347.5 ----- SIGT 166.0 -63.5 -75.5 296.8 68.7 12912.5 350.4 ----- SIGT 162.0 -64.5 -76.5 299.2 72.6 13061.9 351.2 ----- SIGW 160.8 -64.2 -76.5 300.0 73.8 13109.0 352.5 ----- SIGT 158.0 -63.5 -76.5 298.3 70.4 13215.2 355.4 ----- SIGW 152.9 -64.5 -77.5 295.0 63.9 13414.0 357.0 ----- MAND 150.0 -65.1 -78.1 285.0 64.9 13533.1 358.0 ----- SIGT 142.0 -66.9 -79.9 291.8 71.6 13865.8 360.5 ----- SIGW 138.4 -65.2 -79.4 295.0 74.8 14024.0 366.1 ----- SIGT 136.0 -64.1 -79.1 295.0 71.8 14128.5 369.9 ----- SIGT 133.0 -63.7 -78.7 295.0 68.0 14265.3 373.0 ----- SIGT 131.0 -62.1 -78.1 295.0 65.3 14358.6 377.5 ----- SIGT 124.0 -63.1 -80.1 295.0 55.8 14697.4 381.6 ----- SIGW 119.2 -62.0 -80.9 295.0 49.0 14939.0 388.0 ----- SIGT 119.0 -61.9 -80.9 295.0 49.0 14951.4 388.3 ----- SIGT 111.0 -64.5 -83.5 295.0 49.7 15379.6 391.3 ----- SIGT 110.0 -64.3 -84.3 295.0 49.8 15434.9 392.7 ----- SIGT 109.0 -63.1 -83.1 295.0 49.9 15491.0 395.9 ----- SIGT 105.0 -63.7 -83.7 295.0 50.4 15720.8 399.1 ----- MAND 100.0 -62.3 -83.3 295.0 50.9 16021.2 407.4 ----- SIGT 93.0 -63.5 ----- 294.0 48.6 16468.3 413.6 ----- SIGT 86.0 -61.1 ----- 292.9 46.2 16951.7 427.8 ----- MAND 70.0 -64.3 ----- 290.0 39.8 18221.1 446.8 ----- SIGT 62.4 -67.1 ----- 291.7 44.3 18919.7 455.6 ----- MAND 50.0 -66.9 ----- 295.0 52.8 20257.9 485.9 ----- SIGT 48.5 -65.9 ----- 294.7 53.0 20442.5 492.5 ----- SIGT 43.1 -67.7 ----- 293.5 53.4 21156.2 505.0 ----- SIGT 38.7 -66.5 ----- 292.5 53.8 21806.3 523.8 ----- SIGT 33.6 -68.9 ----- 291.1 54.4 22657.0 539.1 ----- SIGT 30.2 -72.7 ----- 290.1 54.8 23289.6 545.4 ----- MAND 30.0 -72.7 ----- 290.0 54.8 23328.6 546.5 ----- SIGT 28.9 -71.7 ----- 290.0 56.1 23548.6 555.1 ----- SIGT 25.8 -73.1 ----- 290.0 60.0 24216.0 569.4 ----- SIGT 22.3 -71.7 ----- 290.0 65.0 25073.6 597.8 ----- SIGT 20.2 -73.9 ----- 290.0 68.4 25654.2 608.3 ----- MAND 20.0 -73.7 ----- 290.0 68.8 25712.3 610.6 ----- SIGT 17.6 -71.9 ----- 285.5 73.1 26462.8 639.1 ----- SIGT 16.0 -74.3 ----- 282.1 76.4 27021.4 648.9 ----- SIGT 15.3 -70.5 ----- 280.5 77.9 27284.6 669.8 ----- SIGT 14.9 -71.1 ----- 279.6 78.8 27441.7 672.9 ----- SIGT 14.3 -69.1 ----- 278.1 80.2 27686.2 687.6 ----- SIGT 13.9 -70.1 ----- 277.1 81.2 27855.4 689.8 ----- SIGT 13.4 -66.5 ----- 275.8 82.5 28075.3 709.4 ----- SIGT 12.6 -66.9 ----- 273.5 84.6 28447.7 720.6 ----- SIGT 11.4 -61.9 ----- 269.9 88.2 29059.9 759.5 ----- MAND 10.0 -62.9 ----- 265.0 92.9 29869.0 784.8 ----- SIGT 8.9 -62.9 ----- ----- ----- 30586.9 811.4 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 20 Jan 2018020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -9.2 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 278.9 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 284.3 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 2.0 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 808 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -10.8 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 808 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 9.7 C K Index (KI) = 2.9 Lifted Index (LI) = 23.7 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 142.7 Showalter Index (ShI) = 16.0 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 26.8 Precipitable Water (PW) = 9.5 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = 420 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 290 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 320 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 302 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done