================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018140 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS= 80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 989.0 13.6 13.4 215.0 5.8 221.0 287.7 9.828 SIGT 985.0 12.8 12.5 222.5 6.4 255.2 287.2 9.296 SIGT 975.0 13.4 12.9 241.4 7.7 341.3 288.6 9.646 SIGW 944.4 11.9 11.2 300.0 11.8 609.0 289.8 8.896 MAND 925.0 11.0 10.1 330.0 15.0 783.9 290.6 8.431 SIGW 910.7 10.2 9.1 340.0 18.8 914.0 291.1 8.017 SIGT 903.0 9.8 8.6 337.7 18.6 984.8 291.3 7.799 SIGW 878.0 10.4 9.5 330.0 17.9 1219.0 294.3 8.525 SIGT 853.0 11.0 10.4 281.0 25.0 1460.6 297.4 9.341 MAND 850.0 11.0 10.3 275.0 25.8 1490.1 297.7 9.311 SIGW 846.5 10.8 10.1 275.0 21.0 1524.0 297.9 9.243 SIGW 816.0 9.5 8.6 265.0 31.9 1829.0 299.6 8.644 SIGW 786.6 8.1 7.1 275.0 26.8 2134.0 301.3 8.074 SIGW 758.2 6.8 5.6 280.0 26.8 2439.0 303.0 7.532 SIGT 750.0 6.4 5.1 280.0 27.2 2529.0 303.5 7.377 SIGW 730.7 5.4 4.3 280.0 28.0 2743.0 304.7 7.139 SIGT 727.0 5.2 4.1 281.2 28.0 2784.7 304.9 7.093 SIGT 702.0 2.8 -0.5 289.3 28.0 3069.9 305.3 5.268 MAND 700.0 2.8 -0.5 290.0 28.0 3093.1 305.6 5.283 SIGW 677.7 1.2 -1.7 295.0 29.9 3353.0 306.6 4.987 SIGW 652.5 -0.8 -3.2 295.0 28.9 3658.0 307.8 4.655 SIGT 633.0 -2.3 -4.3 285.0 29.7 3901.4 308.7 4.401 SIGT 628.0 -2.5 -5.3 282.4 29.9 3964.5 309.2 4.111 SIGT 624.0 -3.3 -10.3 280.4 30.1 4015.2 308.8 2.801 SIGT 620.0 -2.7 -7.7 278.3 30.2 4066.2 310.1 3.460 SIGT 612.0 -3.3 -11.3 274.0 30.6 4169.2 310.5 2.636 SIGT 606.0 -4.3 -18.3 270.9 30.8 4247.1 310.3 1.492 SIGW 604.4 -4.0 -20.1 270.0 30.9 4268.0 310.9 1.281 SIGT 600.0 -3.1 -25.1 270.0 31.1 4325.7 312.5 0.830 SIGT 591.0 -1.7 -23.7 270.0 31.5 4445.6 315.5 0.956 SIGT 581.0 -1.7 -27.7 270.0 31.9 4581.4 317.1 0.677 SIGW 559.7 -4.0 -30.0 270.0 32.8 4878.0 317.7 0.565 SIGT 559.0 -4.1 -30.1 270.0 32.8 4887.2 317.8 0.562 SIGT 542.0 -6.1 -22.1 270.0 32.8 5129.9 318.2 1.201 SIGT 522.0 -8.9 -22.9 270.0 32.8 5422.8 318.3 1.162 SIGT 508.0 -9.3 -32.3 270.0 32.8 5633.2 320.3 0.502 MAND 500.0 -9.9 -30.9 270.0 32.8 5755.9 321.0 0.583 SIGT 483.0 -11.1 -34.1 266.1 39.0 6022.2 322.7 0.443 SIGW 478.3 -11.6 -35.6 265.0 40.8 6097.0 323.0 0.386 SIGT 451.0 -14.5 -44.5 263.3 40.8 6545.2 324.8 0.161 SIGT 417.0 -19.3 -38.3 261.1 40.8 7133.8 326.0 0.337 MAND 400.0 -20.7 -50.7 260.0 40.8 7442.6 328.1 0.095 SIGW 91.7 -64.5 -83.7 285.0 42.9 17378.0 413.4 ----- SIGT 89.1 -65.3 -84.3 285.0 37.9 17569.9 415.1 ----- SIGT 82.6 -64.1 -84.3 285.0 25.7 18032.6 426.6 ----- SIGW 79.2 -64.7 -84.3 285.0 18.8 18292.0 430.5 ----- SIGW 75.3 -65.4 -84.3 275.0 22.9 18597.0 435.2 ----- SIGW 71.6 -66.2 -84.3 305.0 17.9 18902.0 440.0 ----- MAND 70.0 -66.5 -84.3 280.0 22.9 19040.6 442.1 ----- SIGW 68.1 -66.9 -84.3 285.0 30.9 19207.0 444.8 ----- SIGT 63.5 -67.9 -84.3 294.2 20.8 19628.7 451.6 ----- SIGW 58.6 -64.1 -84.3 305.0 8.9 20121.0 470.7 ----- SIGW 55.7 -61.7 -84.3 330.0 12.8 20426.0 482.9 ----- SIGT 55.3 -61.3 -84.3 328.6 12.5 20473.7 484.9 ----- MAND 50.0 -62.3 -84.3 310.0 8.9 21097.6 496.7 ----- SIGW 48.1 -61.8 -84.3 325.0 8.9 21341.0 503.6 ----- SIGT 44.4 -60.7 -84.3 282.5 6.1 21834.2 517.8 ----- SIGT 43.7 -58.9 -84.3 274.0 5.5 21933.6 524.5 ----- SIGT 41.1 -58.5 -84.3 240.8 3.3 22319.0 534.8 ----- SIGT 40.1 -56.5 -84.3 227.4 2.4 22474.7 543.6 ----- SIGW 39.6 -56.7 -84.3 220.0 1.9 22560.0 545.1 ----- SIGT 36.6 -58.1 -84.3 349.1 10.7 23052.3 553.9 ----- SIGW 35.9 -57.9 -84.3 20.0 12.8 23170.0 557.3 ----- SIGW 34.2 -57.4 -84.3 0.0 0.0 23475.0 566.4 ----- SIGT 33.9 -57.3 -84.3 359.6 0.1 23536.1 568.2 ----- SIGT 30.7 -55.3 -84.3 355.9 1.6 24166.1 590.0 ----- MAND 30.0 -54.3 -84.3 355.0 1.9 24313.7 596.6 ----- SIGT 27.5 -50.3 -84.3 302.2 1.9 24876.7 622.8 ----- SIGW 23.5 -51.3 -82.5 205.0 1.9 25914.0 649.0 ----- SIGT 23.4 -51.3 -82.5 206.0 2.2 25928.6 649.4 ----- SIGW 20.4 -48.0 -82.5 270.0 15.0 26829.0 685.5 ----- MAND 20.0 -47.5 -82.5 240.0 16.9 26957.9 690.8 ----- SIGT 18.6 -47.7 -82.7 274.9 18.8 27437.5 704.7 ----- SIGW 18.6 -47.7 -82.7 275.0 18.8 27439.0 704.7 ----- SIGW 17.0 -47.2 -82.2 310.0 10.9 28048.0 725.1 ----- SIGW 16.2 -46.9 -81.9 310.0 19.8 28353.0 735.5 ----- SIGT 14.4 -46.3 -81.3 349.8 17.4 29133.5 762.9 ----- SIGT 12.9 -43.3 -79.3 27.4 15.2 29869.5 797.7 ----- SIGT 10.5 -43.1 -79.1 98.1 10.9 31256.5 846.8 ----- MAND 10.0 -40.7 -77.7 115.0 9.9 31587.1 867.7 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 20 May 2018140 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 10.8 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 290.0 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 312.8 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 8.7 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 927 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 10.6 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 927 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 20.9 C K Index (KI) = 27.9 Lifted Index (LI) = 10.5 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 208.3 Showalter Index (ShI) = 4.7 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 41.1 Precipitable Water (PW) = 29.1 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -169 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 318 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 328 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 400 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done