================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2018055 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS= 96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 997.0 3.8 1.5 310.0 4.9 221.0 277.2 4.281 SIGT 988.0 3.2 -1.5 305.7 5.2 294.7 277.3 3.469 MAND 925.0 -1.5 -3.9 275.0 8.0 824.7 277.8 3.098 SIGT 922.0 -1.7 -3.8 275.4 8.7 850.6 277.8 3.131 SIGT 877.0 -3.7 -4.2 281.3 19.8 1247.9 279.8 3.195 SIGT 868.0 -4.1 -10.1 282.5 22.1 1329.4 280.2 2.043 SIGT 863.0 -3.1 -13.1 283.2 23.4 1375.1 281.7 1.614 SIGT 859.0 0.8 -21.2 283.7 24.4 1412.2 286.1 0.819 SIGT 856.0 2.0 -26.0 284.2 25.2 1440.3 287.7 0.536 MAND 850.0 2.6 -29.4 285.0 26.8 1497.1 288.9 0.395 SIGT 844.0 2.6 -26.4 284.6 27.8 1554.4 289.5 0.525 SIGT 823.0 1.6 -18.4 283.3 31.2 1757.7 290.5 1.089 SIGT 812.0 1.0 -20.0 282.6 33.0 1865.9 291.0 0.962 SIGT 776.0 -1.9 -25.9 280.3 39.1 2228.5 291.7 0.597 SIGT 759.0 -3.3 -21.3 279.1 42.1 2404.1 292.0 0.919 SIGT 756.0 -3.3 -18.3 278.9 42.6 2435.5 292.3 1.195 SIGT 733.0 -3.1 -23.1 277.4 46.7 2680.0 295.1 0.813 SIGT 722.0 -2.5 -31.5 276.6 48.7 2799.8 297.1 0.381 MAND 700.0 -3.1 -35.1 275.0 52.8 3045.0 299.1 0.277 SIGT 696.0 -3.1 -36.1 274.7 53.0 3090.4 299.6 0.252 SIGT 692.0 -3.3 -31.3 274.5 53.3 3136.0 299.8 0.405 SIGT 688.0 -3.7 -19.7 274.2 53.5 3181.8 299.9 1.165 SIGT 668.0 -5.3 -11.3 272.9 54.5 3414.3 300.6 2.414 SIGT 660.0 -5.5 -7.7 272.3 55.0 3508.9 301.4 3.249 SIGT 646.0 -6.7 -9.1 271.4 55.8 3677.0 301.9 2.975 SIGT 637.0 -6.9 -11.0 270.7 56.3 3786.7 302.9 2.594 SIGT 615.0 -9.1 -10.6 269.1 57.5 4060.2 303.4 2.775 SIGT 599.0 -10.5 -11.5 268.0 58.5 4264.0 304.1 2.651 SIGT 597.0 -10.3 -12.4 267.8 58.6 4289.8 304.6 2.473 SIGT 593.0 -8.9 -17.9 267.5 58.8 4341.7 306.9 1.578 SIGT 590.0 -8.9 -20.9 267.3 59.0 4381.0 307.3 1.225 SIGT 577.0 -8.7 -29.7 266.3 59.8 4553.7 309.5 0.566 SIGT 569.0 -9.5 -30.5 265.7 60.3 4661.8 309.8 0.532 SIGT 544.0 -12.1 -21.1 263.7 61.9 5007.4 310.7 1.306 SIGT 511.0 -16.3 -22.3 260.9 64.1 5482.5 311.2 1.252 MAND 500.0 -17.9 -21.9 260.0 64.9 5645.9 311.2 1.325 SIGT 499.0 -17.9 -21.7 260.0 65.1 5660.9 311.4 1.351 SIGT 469.0 -20.7 -25.2 260.0 70.4 6122.5 313.5 1.053 SIGT 436.0 -24.3 -27.5 260.0 76.7 6658.6 315.5 0.919 SIGT 421.0 -26.5 -28.8 260.0 79.6 6912.9 315.9 0.843 SIGT 405.0 -28.5 -32.9 260.0 82.9 7191.9 316.8 0.594 MAND 400.0 -29.3 -33.4 260.0 83.9 7280.8 316.9 0.573 SIGT 385.0 -31.5 -34.7 259.3 86.4 7552.8 317.5 0.524 SIGT 358.0 -35.7 -39.9 258.0 90.9 8063.3 318.6 0.333 SIGT 340.0 -38.3 -42.0 257.1 94.2 8420.3 319.7 0.280 SIGT 303.0 -44.1 -52.1 255.2 101.2 9203.5 322.3 0.110 MAND 300.0 -44.7 -52.7 255.0 101.8 9270.1 322.4 0.104 SIGT 292.0 -46.1 -55.1 257.3 103.9 9450.5 322.9 0.080 SIGT 274.0 -49.9 -56.9 262.5 108.8 9870.3 323.3 0.073 MAND 250.0 -55.3 -64.3 270.0 115.8 10462.7 323.9 ----- SIGT 246.0 -56.3 -65.3 270.0 118.7 10565.4 323.9 ----- TRO1 235.0 -58.1 -65.1 270.0 126.8 10854.9 325.4 ----- SIGT 219.0 -56.5 -69.5 267.8 124.7 11300.9 334.5 ----- SIGT 209.0 -52.5 -72.5 266.4 123.2 11600.3 345.3 ----- MAND 200.0 -52.1 -81.1 265.0 121.8 11885.1 350.3 ----- SIGT 196.0 -51.7 -84.7 264.3 122.1 12016.1 352.9 ----- SIGT 177.0 -53.9 -84.7 260.7 123.5 12674.5 359.8 ----- SIGT 172.0 -53.5 -84.7 259.7 123.9 12858.7 363.4 ----- SIGT 166.0 -54.9 -84.7 258.5 124.4 13086.5 364.8 ----- SIGT 155.0 -54.1 -84.7 256.1 125.4 13525.8 373.4 ----- MAND 150.0 -55.5 -84.7 255.0 125.9 13735.6 374.5 ----- MAXW 147.0 -56.3 -84.0 255.0 128.8 13864.0 375.2 ----- SIGT 145.0 -56.9 -83.7 255.5 128.2 13951.1 375.7 ----- SIGT 140.0 -57.1 -83.6 256.8 126.8 14173.3 379.1 ----- SIGT 134.0 -59.7 -83.5 258.5 125.0 14449.0 379.3 ----- SIGT 132.0 -59.7 -83.5 259.0 124.3 14543.0 380.9 ----- SIGT 125.0 -62.9 -83.5 261.0 122.1 14881.2 381.1 ----- TRO2 112.0 -67.1 -83.5 265.0 117.7 15551.0 385.4 ----- MAND 100.0 -64.3 -83.5 260.0 102.8 16239.9 403.5 ----- SIGT 94.1 -65.9 -83.5 262.5 95.2 16610.6 407.4 ----- SIGT 85.8 -63.7 -83.5 266.4 83.7 17174.3 422.8 ----- SIGT 83.3 -64.7 -83.5 267.6 80.0 17355.4 424.3 ----- SIGT 81.9 -63.3 -83.5 268.3 77.8 17459.3 429.3 ----- SIGT 78.7 -63.3 -83.5 270.0 72.8 17704.3 434.2 ----- SIGT 73.0 -57.9 -83.5 273.2 63.3 18172.6 455.0 ----- MAND 70.0 -59.5 -83.5 275.0 57.9 18436.3 457.1 ----- SIGT 64.0 -63.7 -83.5 264.2 57.1 18991.7 459.8 ----- SIGT 53.3 -65.5 -83.5 242.6 55.4 20109.7 480.3 ----- MAND 50.0 -63.7 -83.5 235.0 54.8 20500.3 493.4 ----- SIGT 48.3 -59.1 -83.5 233.0 53.0 20714.9 509.2 ----- SIGT 44.5 -59.3 -83.5 228.2 48.7 21228.6 520.8 ----- SIGT 43.0 -57.1 -83.5 226.2 46.9 21444.5 531.4 ----- SIGT 34.6 -59.7 -83.5 213.4 35.5 22812.2 558.7 ----- SIGT 33.1 -58.1 -83.5 210.8 33.1 23090.4 570.0 ----- SIGT 31.0 -59.3 -83.5 206.9 29.7 23502.3 577.6 ----- MAND 30.0 -57.3 -83.5 205.0 28.0 23708.7 588.5 ----- SIGT 27.8 -57.3 -83.5 194.7 29.6 24190.4 601.4 ----- SIGT 25.1 -53.9 -83.5 180.9 31.9 24841.7 629.0 ----- SIGT 22.7 -56.5 -83.5 167.2 34.1 25483.5 639.7 ----- MAND 20.0 -55.1 -83.5 150.0 36.9 26290.0 667.5 ----- SIGT 17.7 -54.1 -83.5 143.8 41.8 27072.3 694.5 ----- SIGT 11.0 -55.9 -83.5 119.9 61.0 30112.9 789.1 ----- SIGT 10.5 -53.1 -83.5 117.5 62.9 30410.9 810.0 ----- SIGT 10.3 -53.5 -83.5 116.5 63.7 30534.8 813.0 ----- SIGT 10.2 -49.5 -83.5 116.0 64.1 30598.1 830.1 ----- MAND 10.0 -49.1 -83.1 115.0 64.9 30728.0 836.3 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 24 Feb 2018055 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -2.8 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 277.7 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 286.3 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 3.3 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 904 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -3.3 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 904 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 7.5 C K Index (KI) = -40.9 Lifted Index (LI) = 21.1 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 118.6 Showalter Index (ShI) = 18.3 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 9.0 Precipitable Water (PW) = 10.3 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -241 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 290 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 323 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 303 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done