================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2019085 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=128 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 996.0 2.2 -17.8 335.0 4.9 221.0 275.7 0.946 SIGT 991.0 1.4 -18.6 334.0 5.4 261.6 275.3 0.889 SIGW 948.7 -2.1 -21.4 325.0 9.9 609.0 275.2 0.726 MAND 925.0 -4.1 -23.1 310.0 8.9 810.7 275.1 0.644 SIGW 912.9 -4.9 -23.4 310.0 9.9 914.0 275.4 0.633 SIGW 878.0 -7.2 -24.5 325.0 15.9 1219.0 276.1 0.601 SIGT 870.0 -7.7 -24.7 326.4 15.4 1290.9 276.2 0.593 SIGT 859.0 -8.1 -45.1 328.4 14.6 1389.8 276.8 0.079 MAND 850.0 -7.9 -52.9 330.0 14.0 1471.7 277.9 0.036 SIGT 840.0 -8.3 -50.3 333.9 13.4 1563.6 278.4 0.047 SIGT 825.0 -7.7 -55.7 339.7 12.6 1703.6 280.5 0.027 SIGW 811.7 -8.3 -56.0 345.0 11.8 1829.0 281.2 0.027 SIGW 780.4 -9.7 -56.8 325.0 11.8 2134.0 282.8 0.026 SIGT 776.0 -9.9 -56.9 323.6 14.2 2177.9 283.1 0.026 SIGT 758.0 -9.3 -56.3 317.6 23.7 2359.1 285.6 0.028 SIGW 750.2 -8.3 -55.9 315.0 28.0 2439.0 287.5 0.029 SIGT 745.0 -7.7 -55.7 314.1 28.1 2493.2 288.8 0.030 SIGT 729.0 -7.9 -55.9 311.3 28.7 2662.0 290.4 0.030 SIGW 721.4 -8.3 -55.3 310.0 28.9 2743.0 290.8 0.032 MAND 700.0 -9.5 -53.5 300.0 31.9 2976.6 292.0 0.041 SIGT 689.0 -9.9 -53.9 295.1 31.9 3098.9 292.9 0.040 SIGW 666.6 -11.8 -49.0 285.0 31.9 3353.0 293.5 0.067 SIGT 656.0 -12.7 -46.7 287.0 31.9 3475.5 293.8 0.087 SIGW 640.5 -12.5 -47.4 290.0 31.9 3658.0 296.1 0.082 SIGT 639.0 -12.5 -47.5 290.0 32.1 3675.9 296.3 0.082 SIGT 607.0 -14.1 -42.1 290.0 37.2 4067.1 298.8 0.155 SIGW 591.0 -15.4 -39.3 290.0 39.8 4268.0 299.6 0.214 SIGW 567.5 -17.5 -35.1 295.0 40.8 4573.0 300.7 0.341 SIGT 547.0 -19.3 -31.3 285.9 49.1 4849.4 301.7 0.513 SIGW 544.9 -19.6 -31.6 285.0 49.9 4878.0 301.7 0.502 SIGT 521.0 -22.5 -34.5 282.4 48.8 5209.4 302.0 0.395 SIGT 503.0 -24.9 -31.9 280.3 47.9 5466.5 302.2 0.527 MAND 500.0 -25.1 -33.1 280.0 47.8 5510.0 302.4 0.472 SIGT 491.0 -25.5 -39.5 280.0 47.8 5641.9 303.5 0.253 SIGW 461.0 -28.4 -46.7 280.0 47.8 6097.0 305.4 0.124 SIGT 456.0 -28.9 -47.9 279.2 48.6 6174.9 305.8 0.110 SIGT 444.0 -30.5 -44.5 277.3 50.7 6365.2 306.1 0.163 MAND 400.0 -35.9 -52.9 270.0 58.9 7099.0 308.3 0.077 SIGW 387.6 -37.4 -56.0 270.0 50.9 7317.0 309.2 0.056 SIGT 385.0 -37.7 -56.7 270.8 50.7 7363.7 309.4 0.053 SIGW 370.5 -39.8 -58.5 275.0 49.9 7621.0 310.0 0.045 MAND 300.0 -51.3 -68.3 280.0 54.8 9035.0 313.1 ----- SIGW 294.9 -52.2 -68.3 285.0 56.9 9146.0 313.3 ----- SIGT 289.0 -53.3 -68.3 285.0 57.7 9276.7 313.6 ----- SIGW 281.2 -54.4 -69.2 285.0 58.9 9451.0 314.4 ----- MAND 250.0 -59.3 -73.3 275.0 57.9 10197.9 317.9 ----- SIGW 243.4 -60.4 -73.9 270.0 59.8 10365.0 318.7 ----- SIGT 237.0 -61.5 -74.5 272.6 60.3 10530.8 319.5 ----- TRO1 231.0 -61.9 -74.9 275.0 60.8 10689.6 321.2 ----- SIGT 224.0 -58.9 -72.9 276.1 61.9 10881.5 328.7 ----- SIGT 220.0 -59.1 -75.1 276.7 62.5 10994.5 330.1 ----- SIGT 211.0 -57.7 -77.7 278.2 64.0 11257.4 336.2 ----- SIGW 200.4 -53.7 -84.8 280.0 65.9 11585.0 347.6 ----- MAND 200.0 -53.5 -85.1 275.0 59.8 11598.6 348.1 ----- SIGT 199.0 -52.9 -85.1 273.3 59.6 11631.0 349.5 ----- SIGT 196.0 -52.7 -85.1 268.3 59.0 11729.0 351.4 ----- SIGW 191.1 -53.9 -85.1 260.0 57.9 11890.0 352.0 ----- SIGT 183.0 -55.9 -85.1 262.7 58.1 12169.1 353.1 ----- SIGT 177.0 -55.7 -85.1 264.7 58.2 12381.4 356.8 ----- SIGT 174.0 -54.7 -85.1 265.8 58.3 12490.6 360.2 ----- SIGT 169.0 -54.9 -85.1 267.6 58.4 12677.1 362.9 ----- SIGT 164.0 -53.3 -85.1 269.5 58.5 12869.9 368.7 ----- SIGT 158.0 -53.5 -85.1 271.8 58.7 13109.9 372.3 ----- MAND 150.0 -55.7 -85.1 275.0 58.9 13442.6 374.1 ----- SIGT 147.0 -56.3 -85.1 275.4 60.0 13571.2 375.3 ----- SIGT 138.0 -55.1 -85.1 276.8 63.5 13973.7 384.2 ----- SIGT 133.0 -56.7 -85.1 277.6 65.5 14208.6 385.4 ----- SIGT 128.0 -55.9 -85.1 278.4 67.6 14452.1 391.1 ----- SIGT 126.0 -54.5 -85.1 278.7 68.5 14552.7 395.4 ----- SIGT 124.0 -54.3 -85.1 279.1 69.4 14655.3 397.6 ----- SIGW 118.6 -55.2 -85.1 280.0 71.9 14939.0 401.0 ----- MAXW 117.0 -55.5 -85.1 280.0 71.9 15026.7 402.0 ----- SIGT 116.0 -55.7 -85.1 281.3 70.1 15081.5 402.7 ----- SIGW 113.1 -55.5 -85.1 285.0 64.9 15243.0 406.0 ----- SIGT 113.0 -55.5 -85.1 284.9 64.8 15248.6 406.1 ----- SIGT 112.0 -54.7 -85.1 284.2 63.9 15305.4 408.6 ----- SIGT 106.0 -56.1 -85.1 279.7 58.5 15656.7 412.4 ----- MAND 100.0 -58.5 -85.1 275.0 52.8 16025.2 414.7 ----- SIGT 93.1 -60.9 -85.1 276.3 56.1 16472.4 418.6 ----- SIGW 76.6 -61.0 -85.1 280.0 64.9 17682.0 442.2 ----- MAND 70.0 -61.1 -85.1 285.0 59.8 18245.1 453.7 ----- SIGT 67.1 -61.3 -85.1 288.7 53.2 18507.9 458.8 ----- SIGW 66.1 -61.5 -85.1 290.0 50.9 18597.0 460.2 ----- SIGW 59.9 -63.1 -85.1 280.0 39.8 19207.0 469.9 ----- SIGW 57.0 -63.9 -85.1 265.0 45.8 19512.0 474.9 ----- SIGT 54.7 -64.5 -85.1 273.3 50.9 19766.6 479.0 ----- SIGW 54.3 -63.7 -85.1 275.0 51.9 19817.0 481.9 ----- SIGT 52.2 -60.1 -85.1 272.7 49.5 20055.7 495.7 ----- MAND 50.0 -59.5 -85.1 270.0 46.8 20324.8 503.3 ----- SIGW 46.8 -60.7 -85.1 265.0 45.8 20731.0 509.8 ----- SIGT 45.9 -61.1 -85.1 269.2 45.0 20858.4 511.9 ----- SIGW 44.6 -58.4 -85.1 275.0 43.9 21036.0 522.8 ----- SIGT 44.5 -58.1 -85.1 274.2 44.0 21052.3 523.8 ----- SIGW 42.5 -58.5 -85.1 260.0 44.9 21341.0 529.7 ----- SIGW 40.5 -58.9 -85.1 250.0 47.8 21646.0 536.0 ----- SIGW 38.6 -59.4 -85.1 265.0 44.9 21951.0 542.4 ----- SIGT 36.4 -59.9 -85.1 262.6 45.6 22313.0 550.1 ----- SIGT 34.8 -62.1 -85.1 260.8 46.1 22592.5 551.5 ----- SIGT 33.0 -60.3 -85.1 258.6 46.7 22922.3 564.7 ----- SIGT 30.8 -60.5 -85.1 255.8 47.6 23352.4 575.4 ----- SIGW 30.2 -60.8 -85.1 255.0 47.8 23475.0 577.8 ----- MAND 30.0 -60.9 -85.1 255.0 47.8 23516.2 578.6 ----- SIGT 26.6 -62.9 -85.1 267.8 47.0 24260.8 593.3 ----- SIGW 26.1 -62.5 -85.1 270.0 46.8 24390.0 597.9 ----- SIGW 23.6 -60.7 -85.1 270.0 61.8 25000.0 620.3 ----- SIGT 22.2 -59.5 -85.1 261.6 58.0 25383.7 634.8 ----- SIGT 20.5 -55.7 -85.1 250.6 53.1 25886.9 661.0 ----- SIGW 20.4 -55.8 -85.1 250.0 52.8 25914.0 661.4 ----- MAND 20.0 -56.5 -85.1 250.0 52.8 26043.9 663.3 ----- SIGT 18.8 -57.1 -85.1 248.6 57.6 26436.2 673.2 ----- SIGT 17.4 -60.3 -85.1 246.9 63.6 26922.5 678.1 ----- SIGT 16.3 -57.9 -85.1 245.4 68.6 27332.1 698.7 ----- SIGW 16.0 -58.2 -85.1 245.0 69.9 27439.0 701.2 ----- SIGT 14.1 -60.3 -85.1 249.4 80.4 28241.4 720.1 ----- SIGT 13.0 -58.9 -85.1 252.2 87.1 28749.7 741.9 ----- SIGT 12.2 -60.1 -85.1 254.3 92.2 29147.3 751.3 ----- SIGW 12.0 -60.0 -85.1 255.0 93.8 29268.0 755.7 ----- SIGT 11.1 -59.7 -85.1 252.9 93.4 29737.7 773.3 ----- SIGT 10.7 -56.5 -85.1 251.9 93.2 29969.0 793.2 ----- MAND 10.0 -56.9 -85.1 250.0 92.9 30398.1 807.2 ----- SIGT 8.8 -55.3 -85.1 ----- ----- 31211.1 843.4 ----- SIGT 8.5 -54.1 -85.1 ----- ----- 31433.1 856.5 ----- SIGT 8.4 -51.1 -85.1 ----- ----- 31509.6 871.2 ----- SIGT 8.2 -50.9 -84.9 ----- ----- 31666.5 878.0 ----- SIGT 7.9 -48.3 -82.3 ----- ----- 31910.6 897.8 ----- SIGT 7.6 -50.1 -84.1 ----- ----- 32164.6 900.6 ----- SIGT 7.5 -48.5 -82.5 ----- ----- 32251.5 910.5 ----- SIGT 6.8 -47.3 -82.3 ----- ----- 32898.2 941.3 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 26 Mar 2019085 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -21.5 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 275.3 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 277.3 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 0.7 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 699 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -24.7 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 699 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 4.2 C K Index (KI) = -79.7 Lifted Index (LI) = 20.9 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 75.8 Showalter Index (ShI) = 20.5 Total Totals Index (TTI) = -10.6 Precipitable Water (PW) = 1.6 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -151 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 280 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 310 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 370 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done