================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2020270 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS=145 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 990.0 14.0 11.9 145.0 4.9 221.0 288.0 8.885 SIGT 978.0 17.4 10.4 162.4 8.9 324.8 292.4 8.132 SIGT 950.0 18.2 8.2 204.1 18.4 573.5 295.7 7.207 SIGW 946.1 18.0 8.0 210.0 19.8 609.0 295.8 7.141 SIGT 942.0 17.8 7.8 211.9 18.5 646.0 296.0 7.072 SIGT 936.0 17.6 10.6 214.8 16.5 700.7 296.3 8.617 MAND 925.0 17.2 10.2 220.0 12.8 801.9 296.9 8.488 SIGT 915.0 16.8 8.8 220.0 10.4 894.8 297.4 7.801 SIGW 912.9 16.6 8.8 220.0 9.9 914.0 297.4 7.833 SIGT 883.0 14.2 9.2 220.0 5.2 1197.3 297.8 8.312 SIGW 880.7 14.0 8.9 220.0 4.9 1219.0 297.8 8.153 SIGT 869.0 13.2 7.2 214.3 5.7 1332.3 298.1 7.361 SIGT 865.0 13.2 6.2 212.4 5.9 1371.2 298.5 6.898 SIGT 855.0 13.8 -2.2 207.5 6.6 1469.1 300.1 3.808 MAND 850.0 13.8 -5.2 205.0 7.0 1518.6 300.6 3.055 SIGT 849.0 13.8 -5.2 204.0 7.1 1528.5 300.7 3.059 SIGW 819.1 12.6 -6.9 175.0 9.9 1829.0 302.5 2.792 SIGW 789.8 11.3 -8.5 185.0 14.0 2134.0 304.4 2.540 SIGT 782.0 11.0 -9.0 180.9 15.0 2217.4 304.9 2.475 SIGW 761.4 9.5 -7.1 170.0 17.9 2439.0 305.6 2.955 SIGT 746.0 8.4 -5.6 172.8 15.7 2608.7 306.2 3.379 SIGW 734.0 7.8 -6.2 175.0 14.0 2743.0 306.9 3.281 SIGT 722.0 7.2 -6.8 181.7 13.5 2878.5 307.7 3.184 SIGW 707.2 5.7 -6.9 190.0 12.8 3048.0 307.9 3.217 MAND 700.0 5.0 -7.0 190.0 14.0 3132.2 308.0 3.234 SIGT 690.0 4.0 -7.0 190.0 12.9 3249.4 308.2 3.281 SIGW 681.2 3.3 -10.5 190.0 11.8 3353.0 308.5 2.531 SIGT 665.0 2.0 -17.0 209.2 10.6 3548.5 309.2 1.518 SIGT 660.0 2.2 -20.8 215.2 10.2 3609.4 310.1 1.105 SIGW 656.0 2.1 -19.6 220.0 9.9 3658.0 310.5 1.231 SIGT 654.0 2.0 -19.0 219.2 10.1 3683.1 310.7 1.302 SIGT 633.0 0.0 -19.0 210.6 12.7 3945.5 311.3 1.345 SIGW 631.6 0.0 -20.1 210.0 12.8 3963.0 311.5 1.225 SIGT 621.0 0.2 -28.8 218.9 15.5 4098.8 313.3 0.572 SIGW 608.0 -0.2 -28.4 230.0 18.8 4268.0 314.7 0.608 SIGT 606.0 -0.3 -28.3 232.6 18.8 4294.6 314.9 0.614 SIGW 585.0 -2.9 -30.0 260.0 17.9 4573.0 315.1 0.543 SIGW 562.9 -5.7 -31.8 265.0 15.9 4878.0 315.2 0.473 SIGT 560.0 -6.1 -32.1 266.4 15.8 4919.2 315.2 0.464 SIGT 527.0 -9.3 -37.3 281.9 14.3 5391.7 316.9 0.295 SIGW 520.5 -10.0 -33.3 285.0 14.0 5487.0 317.2 0.444 SIGT 516.0 -10.5 -30.5 282.8 14.4 5554.5 317.4 0.587 SIGT 512.0 -10.5 -28.5 280.9 14.8 5614.4 318.1 0.713 MAND 500.0 -11.3 -34.3 275.0 15.9 5796.7 319.3 0.420 SIGT 496.0 -11.7 -39.7 275.0 16.1 5858.3 319.5 0.245 SIGT 487.0 -11.3 -39.3 275.0 16.6 5998.7 321.7 0.260 SIGT 483.0 -11.9 -28.9 275.0 16.8 6061.9 321.7 0.728 SIGW 480.8 -12.2 -29.0 275.0 16.9 6097.0 321.7 0.723 SIGT 472.0 -13.5 -29.5 272.7 18.3 6237.8 321.9 0.705 SIGT 461.0 -14.3 -35.3 269.8 20.1 6417.0 323.0 0.413 SIGT 455.0 -14.7 -32.7 268.1 21.0 6516.3 323.7 0.539 SIGW 443.7 -15.8 -35.3 265.0 22.9 6707.0 324.8 0.430 SIGT 440.0 -16.1 -36.1 266.2 23.4 6769.6 325.1 0.399 MAND 400.0 -22.1 -44.1 280.0 28.9 7479.2 326.3 0.190 SIGW 392.3 -23.4 -47.7 285.0 29.9 7621.0 326.5 0.130 SIGW 376.1 -26.1 -55.5 295.0 31.9 7926.0 326.8 0.060 SIGT 359.0 -29.1 -64.1 292.2 36.8 8263.6 327.1 ----- SIGW 345.3 -31.3 -64.5 290.0 40.8 8536.0 327.9 ----- SIGW 316.5 -36.1 -65.3 285.0 38.9 9146.0 329.4 ----- SIGT 302.0 -38.7 -65.7 289.4 38.0 9475.7 330.2 ----- MAND 300.0 -39.3 -64.3 290.0 37.9 9521.3 330.0 ----- SIGW 277.1 -44.3 -57.3 300.0 38.9 10060.0 330.4 0.1 SIGT 277.0 -44.3 -57.3 299.9 38.9 10062.0 330.4 0.1 SIGW 264.7 -46.0 -68.4 280.0 40.8 10365.0 332.2 ----- SIGT 264.0 -46.1 -69.1 279.8 40.8 10383.1 332.3 ----- MAND 250.0 -49.5 -70.5 275.0 40.8 10742.8 332.5 ----- SIGT 222.0 -56.3 -69.3 264.2 43.5 11509.4 333.5 ----- SIGT 214.0 -57.5 -69.5 261.0 44.3 11742.0 335.2 ----- MAND 200.0 -58.1 -74.1 255.0 45.8 12168.9 340.8 ----- SIGT 198.0 -57.9 -73.9 256.5 47.5 12232.3 342.1 ----- TRO1 187.0 -60.3 -77.3 265.0 56.9 12590.8 343.8 ----- SIGW 180.7 -60.2 -78.9 270.0 58.9 12804.0 347.4 ----- SIGT 164.0 -59.9 -80.0 264.8 47.9 13410.1 357.7 ----- SIGT 158.0 -59.1 -80.9 262.8 43.7 13643.4 362.8 ----- MAND 150.0 -60.3 -81.5 260.0 37.9 13968.4 366.2 ----- SIGW 148.7 -60.6 -81.7 260.0 37.9 14024.0 366.6 ----- SIGT 139.0 -63.1 -81.9 256.6 43.3 14440.2 369.4 ----- SIGT 137.0 -62.3 -82.1 255.9 44.5 14529.6 372.3 ----- SIGT 134.0 -62.9 -82.2 254.7 46.3 14666.2 373.6 ----- SIGT 130.0 -62.7 -82.3 253.2 48.7 14853.0 377.2 ----- SIGT 128.0 -61.7 -82.5 252.4 50.0 14948.8 380.7 ----- SIGT 123.0 -63.3 -82.6 250.4 53.2 15194.8 382.1 ----- SIGW 122.0 -63.5 -82.6 250.0 53.8 15243.0 382.7 ----- SIGW 116.1 -64.5 -83.1 270.0 56.9 15548.0 386.2 ----- SIGT 114.0 -64.9 -83.3 270.6 54.6 15660.2 387.6 ----- SIGT 112.0 -63.9 -83.3 271.2 52.3 15768.5 391.4 ----- SIGT 110.0 -64.3 -83.3 271.8 50.1 15878.9 392.7 ----- SIGT 108.0 -62.9 -83.3 272.4 47.7 15991.5 397.4 ----- SIGT 106.0 -63.3 -83.3 273.0 45.3 16106.6 398.7 ----- SIGT 103.0 -62.1 -83.3 274.0 41.7 16283.6 404.3 ----- SIGT 101.0 -62.5 -83.3 274.7 39.2 16404.8 405.8 ----- MAND 100.0 -61.9 -83.3 275.0 37.9 16466.3 408.1 ----- SIGT 88.9 -62.5 -83.3 267.0 33.1 17193.5 420.9 ----- SIGT 86.0 -60.3 -83.3 264.8 31.7 17399.3 429.4 ----- SIGT 76.0 -64.1 -83.3 256.4 26.7 18163.4 436.9 ----- SIGW 74.4 -63.4 -83.3 255.0 25.8 18292.0 441.0 ----- SIGT 71.0 -61.7 -83.3 251.2 25.1 18582.6 450.6 ----- MAND 70.0 -61.9 -83.3 250.0 24.9 18670.5 452.0 ----- SIGW 67.4 -62.0 -83.3 255.0 26.8 18902.0 456.6 ----- SIGW 64.2 -62.2 -83.3 270.0 22.9 19207.0 462.7 ----- SIGW 61.1 -62.4 -83.3 315.0 14.0 19512.0 468.9 ----- SIGT 58.5 -62.5 -83.3 64.7 2.6 19779.8 474.4 ----- SIGW 58.2 -62.4 -83.3 80.0 1.0 19817.0 475.5 ----- SIGW 52.7 -60.5 -83.3 215.0 16.9 20426.0 493.4 ----- SIGW 50.2 -59.6 -83.3 265.0 15.9 20731.0 502.5 ----- MAND 50.0 -59.5 -83.3 265.0 15.9 20755.8 503.3 ----- SIGW 45.6 -57.1 -83.3 300.0 11.8 21341.0 522.5 ----- SIGT 44.1 -56.3 -83.3 252.6 5.1 21547.7 529.5 ----- SIGW 43.4 -56.9 -83.3 230.0 1.9 21646.0 530.4 ----- SIGT 42.3 -57.9 -83.3 235.4 10.1 21811.5 531.9 ----- SIGW 41.4 -58.0 -83.3 240.0 16.9 21951.0 535.1 ----- SIGT 39.5 -58.1 -83.3 302.3 15.0 22243.3 541.9 ----- SIGW 39.4 -58.0 -83.3 305.0 15.0 22256.0 542.6 ----- SIGT 38.4 -56.1 -83.3 302.3 16.0 22422.1 551.4 ----- SIGT 36.4 -56.3 -83.3 296.7 18.2 22762.1 559.4 ----- SIGW 35.8 -55.7 -83.3 295.0 18.8 22865.0 563.5 ----- SIGT 34.0 -53.7 -83.3 286.8 14.0 23198.1 577.2 ----- SIGW 32.6 -53.6 -83.3 280.0 9.9 23475.0 584.7 ----- MAND 30.0 -53.3 -83.3 300.0 8.0 24003.6 599.4 ----- SIGW 28.3 -53.3 -83.3 185.0 3.9 24390.0 609.7 ----- SIGT 27.7 -53.3 -83.3 189.2 3.5 24517.5 613.2 ----- SIGT 24.8 -55.9 -83.3 212.4 1.2 25225.7 625.4 ----- SIGW 24.5 -54.9 -83.3 215.0 1.0 25304.0 630.4 ----- SIGT 24.3 -54.3 -83.3 217.8 1.0 25355.8 633.7 ----- SIGT 23.1 -55.1 -83.3 235.2 1.5 25680.0 640.6 ----- SIGT 21.7 -52.7 -83.3 256.7 2.1 26081.6 659.3 ----- SIGT 20.1 -52.9 -83.3 283.3 2.9 26576.1 673.3 ----- MAND 20.0 -52.5 -83.3 285.0 2.9 26608.3 675.5 ----- SIGT 18.7 -49.3 -83.3 251.7 12.1 27046.0 698.6 ----- SIGW 18.4 -49.5 -83.5 245.0 14.0 27134.0 700.7 ----- SIGW 17.6 -50.2 -84.2 220.0 4.9 27439.0 708.0 ----- SIGT 16.7 -50.9 -84.9 211.5 8.3 27785.3 716.4 ----- SIGW 16.0 -50.2 -84.2 205.0 10.9 28048.0 727.0 ----- SIGW 15.3 -49.4 -83.4 230.0 9.9 28353.0 739.4 ----- SIGW 14.6 -48.6 -82.6 280.0 11.8 28658.0 752.1 ----- SIGT 14.4 -48.3 -82.3 280.0 11.5 28755.9 756.2 ----- SIGW 14.0 -49.3 -83.3 280.0 10.9 28963.0 759.6 ----- SIGT 13.7 -49.9 -83.9 282.0 15.2 29083.1 761.6 ----- SIGW 13.3 -49.2 -83.4 285.0 22.0 29268.0 770.2 ----- SIGW 12.7 -48.0 -82.6 265.0 15.9 29573.0 784.6 ----- SIGW 12.1 -46.8 -81.7 300.0 30.9 29878.0 799.2 ----- SIGT 12.0 -46.5 -81.5 301.3 29.3 29956.4 803.0 ----- SIGW 11.6 -46.6 -81.6 305.0 24.9 30182.0 810.5 ----- MAND 10.0 -47.1 -82.1 295.0 16.9 31165.6 843.8 ----- SIGT 7.7 -43.3 -79.3 ----- ----- 32911.3 924.5 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 26 Sep 2020270 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 9.5 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 295.3 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 316.5 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 7.9 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 840 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 7.8 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 840 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 25.7 C K Index (KI) = 7.9 Lifted Index (LI) = 6.9 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 29.9 Showalter Index (ShI) = 11.4 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 31.2 Precipitable Water (PW) = 17.5 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = 141 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 321 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 330 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 302 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done