================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2020059 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=116 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 979.0 -4.9 -11.9 255.0 26.8 221.0 269.9 1.568 SIGT 968.0 -5.5 -15.5 256.1 29.6 309.8 270.2 1.181 SIGT 949.0 -6.9 -16.9 258.1 34.4 465.0 270.3 1.072 SIGW 931.6 -8.3 -16.9 260.0 38.9 609.0 270.2 1.092 MAND 925.0 -8.9 -16.9 260.0 38.9 664.2 270.2 1.100 SIGT 896.0 -11.3 -17.3 264.9 49.7 909.8 270.2 1.098 SIGW 895.5 -11.3 -17.3 265.0 49.9 914.0 270.2 1.094 SIGW 860.4 -14.0 -20.8 265.0 49.0 1219.0 270.6 0.843 SIGT 856.0 -14.3 -21.3 265.0 48.5 1258.4 270.6 0.815 MAND 850.0 -14.7 -21.7 265.0 47.8 1311.8 270.8 0.793 SIGT 816.0 -17.7 -21.3 268.0 49.1 1619.3 270.8 0.855 SIGW 793.3 -19.4 -22.4 270.0 49.9 1829.0 271.1 0.801 SIGT 764.0 -21.7 -23.8 274.6 44.4 2108.5 271.6 0.733 SIGW 761.4 -21.6 -23.8 275.0 43.9 2134.0 272.0 0.736 SIGT 750.0 -20.9 -23.7 273.2 43.2 2245.1 273.9 0.753 SIGW 730.5 -22.3 -25.4 270.0 42.0 2439.0 274.5 0.661 SIGT 719.0 -23.1 -26.5 268.1 43.1 2555.8 274.8 0.610 SIGW 700.8 -24.4 -33.2 265.0 44.9 2743.0 275.3 0.334 MAND 700.0 -24.5 -33.5 265.0 44.9 2751.6 275.4 0.324 SIGT 697.0 -24.7 -34.7 266.6 44.7 2782.8 275.5 0.289 SIGW 672.0 -25.3 -36.3 280.0 42.9 3048.0 277.7 0.256 SIGT 672.0 -25.3 -36.3 280.0 42.9 3048.5 277.7 0.256 SIGT 656.0 -25.5 -43.5 278.6 43.8 3223.4 279.4 0.123 SIGT 651.0 -24.7 -47.7 278.1 44.0 3279.0 280.9 0.079 SIGT 621.0 -26.5 -53.5 275.3 45.7 3621.3 282.7 0.046 SIGW 617.9 -26.5 -54.4 275.0 45.8 3658.0 283.1 0.042 SIGT 593.0 -26.5 -61.5 275.0 46.8 3954.7 286.4 0.020 SIGT 568.0 -27.7 -60.7 275.0 47.8 4265.2 288.6 0.023 SIGW 567.8 -27.7 -60.7 275.0 47.8 4268.0 288.6 0.023 SIGT 553.0 -27.1 -64.1 273.4 49.1 4458.0 291.5 ----- SIGW 521.5 -29.0 -66.0 270.0 51.9 4878.0 294.2 ----- MAND 500.0 -30.3 -67.3 270.0 49.0 5179.6 296.1 ----- SIGT 474.0 -31.3 -71.3 270.0 47.3 5558.8 299.4 ----- SIGT 463.0 -32.3 -59.3 270.0 46.5 5724.9 300.2 0.0 SIGT 449.0 -33.7 -44.7 270.0 45.6 5940.9 301.1 0.2 SIGW 439.1 -34.7 -46.4 270.0 44.9 6097.0 301.8 0.1 SIGT 435.0 -35.1 -47.1 269.0 44.8 6162.5 302.0 0.1 SIGT 428.0 -34.5 -56.5 267.3 44.6 6275.9 304.2 0.0 SIGT 419.0 -34.7 -66.7 265.0 44.4 6424.4 305.8 ----- MAND 400.0 -36.5 -62.5 260.0 43.9 6747.4 307.6 0.0 SIGT 375.0 -39.5 -60.5 252.2 43.9 7192.1 309.3 0.0 SIGW 368.1 -40.3 -61.4 250.0 43.9 7317.0 310.0 0.0 SIGW 351.9 -42.1 -63.4 255.0 42.9 7621.0 311.5 ----- SIGW 321.4 -45.8 -67.6 270.0 43.9 8231.0 314.5 ----- TRO1 310.0 -47.3 -69.3 260.0 42.0 8473.6 315.7 ----- SIGT 304.0 -45.1 -70.1 260.0 43.7 8603.5 320.6 ----- MAND 300.0 -44.9 -71.9 260.0 44.9 8692.1 322.1 ----- SIGT 294.0 -44.1 -75.1 260.0 44.0 8827.4 325.1 ----- SIGT 285.0 -44.9 -79.9 260.0 42.7 9035.7 326.8 ----- SIGW 280.4 -44.3 -79.6 260.0 42.0 9146.0 329.2 ----- SIGT 269.0 -42.9 -78.9 254.6 45.2 9423.9 335.2 ----- SIGT 256.0 -44.1 -80.1 248.1 49.0 9757.2 338.2 ----- SIGT 254.0 -42.5 -78.5 247.1 49.7 9810.0 341.3 ----- MAND 250.0 -42.5 -78.5 245.0 50.9 9917.3 342.9 ----- SIGT 247.0 -42.3 -78.3 246.1 52.3 9998.9 344.4 ----- SIGT 243.0 -40.5 -77.5 247.7 54.1 10109.8 348.7 ----- SIGT 237.0 -40.5 -77.5 250.1 57.0 10280.2 351.2 ----- SIGT 234.0 -38.9 -75.9 251.3 58.4 10367.3 354.9 ----- MAXW 225.0 -39.5 -76.3 255.0 62.9 10635.1 357.9 ----- SIGW 223.9 -39.6 -76.4 255.0 62.9 10670.0 358.3 ----- MAND 200.0 -41.5 -77.5 250.0 46.8 11439.0 367.1 ----- SIGT 198.0 -41.9 -77.9 250.2 46.3 11507.2 367.5 ----- SIGT 182.0 -40.9 -77.9 252.3 42.2 12079.3 378.1 ----- SIGW 163.4 -44.5 -80.2 255.0 36.9 12804.0 383.9 ----- TRO2 154.0 -46.5 -81.5 245.0 42.0 13202.5 387.0 ----- MAND 150.0 -46.1 -81.1 250.0 40.8 13377.4 390.6 ----- SIGT 148.0 -45.7 -80.7 246.1 39.8 13466.8 392.8 ----- SIGW 142.5 -46.8 -81.8 235.0 36.9 13719.0 395.2 ----- SIGT 140.0 -47.3 -82.3 235.0 40.6 13835.8 396.3 ----- SIGT 135.0 -46.7 -81.7 235.0 48.1 14076.8 401.5 ----- SIGW 130.0 -47.4 -81.9 235.0 55.9 14329.0 404.7 ----- SIGT 125.0 -48.1 -82.1 235.0 53.1 14585.9 407.9 ----- SIGT 117.0 -45.7 -80.7 235.0 48.3 15024.4 420.1 ----- SIGW 113.2 -46.3 -81.3 235.0 45.8 15243.0 422.9 ----- SIGT 110.0 -46.9 -81.9 238.1 43.4 15434.5 425.4 ----- SIGW 108.1 -47.3 -82.1 240.0 42.0 15548.0 426.8 ----- MAND 100.0 -48.9 -82.9 230.0 54.8 16063.5 433.3 ----- SIGT 97.0 -47.9 -82.9 237.1 52.5 16264.1 439.0 ----- SIGT 90.0 -49.7 -83.7 254.6 46.9 16756.5 444.9 ----- SIGW 89.8 -49.6 -83.7 255.0 46.8 16768.0 445.3 ----- SIGT 85.6 -47.3 -82.3 262.8 34.8 17086.4 456.2 ----- SIGT 82.0 -47.5 -82.5 269.8 24.2 17370.6 461.4 ----- SIGW 81.9 -47.5 -82.5 270.0 23.9 17378.0 461.5 ----- SIGW 71.2 -53.0 -83.0 225.0 21.0 18292.0 468.7 ----- MAND 70.0 -53.7 -83.1 230.0 25.8 18402.4 469.5 ----- SIGT 67.0 -53.1 -83.1 235.6 25.8 18684.5 476.7 ----- SIGW 64.8 -54.2 -83.1 240.0 25.8 18902.0 478.9 ----- SIGT 63.1 -55.1 -83.1 227.7 23.9 19069.4 480.6 ----- SIGT 60.3 -49.1 -83.1 206.0 20.5 19363.4 500.3 ----- SIGW 58.9 -49.8 -83.2 195.0 18.8 19512.0 502.0 ----- SIGW 51.2 -54.2 -83.6 225.0 25.8 20426.0 512.4 ----- SIGT 50.3 -54.7 -83.7 225.0 26.6 20538.9 513.7 ----- MAND 50.0 -54.5 -83.7 225.0 26.8 20577.2 515.1 ----- SIGW 48.8 -53.9 -83.7 245.0 26.8 20731.0 520.0 ----- SIGT 48.0 -53.5 -83.7 233.5 24.7 20839.3 523.5 ----- SIGT 45.9 -49.7 -83.7 202.5 19.1 21129.8 539.4 ----- SIGW 44.4 -50.7 -84.0 180.0 15.0 21341.0 541.9 ----- SIGW 42.4 -52.2 -84.3 210.0 11.8 21646.0 545.5 ----- SIGT 40.5 -53.7 -84.5 205.1 15.8 21941.9 549.1 ----- SIGW 40.4 -53.7 -84.5 205.0 15.9 21951.0 549.3 ----- SIGW 38.6 -53.3 -84.6 235.0 12.8 22256.0 557.7 ----- SIGT 33.7 -52.3 -84.6 249.3 10.0 23127.6 582.4 ----- SIGW 33.5 -52.4 -84.6 250.0 9.9 23170.0 583.3 ----- SIGW 31.9 -52.9 -84.6 180.0 1.0 23475.0 589.9 ----- MAND 30.0 -53.5 -84.7 180.0 9.9 23878.1 598.8 ----- SIGW 27.7 -54.4 -84.7 170.0 5.8 24390.0 610.0 ----- SIGT 26.6 -54.9 -84.7 204.1 15.3 24649.8 615.8 ----- SIGW 26.4 -54.7 -84.7 210.0 16.9 24695.0 617.6 ----- SIGT 23.6 -51.7 -84.7 159.4 13.3 25420.7 646.6 ----- SIGW 21.9 -53.1 -85.0 125.0 10.9 25914.0 656.8 ----- SIGT 21.6 -53.3 -85.1 134.6 10.5 25993.2 658.4 ----- SIGT 20.6 -51.1 -85.1 171.7 8.9 26300.1 674.1 ----- MAND 20.0 -51.1 -85.1 195.0 8.0 26492.4 679.8 ----- SIGW 19.0 -51.0 -85.0 145.0 4.9 26829.0 690.1 ----- SIGW 17.3 -50.9 -84.9 135.0 12.8 27439.0 709.2 ----- SIGT 14.1 -50.7 -84.7 ----- ----- 28768.8 752.6 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 28 Feb 2020059 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -16.7 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 270.2 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 273.2 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 1.1 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 817 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -18.1 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 817 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = -2.4 C K Index (KI) = -15.1 Lifted Index (LI) = 19.0 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 144.6 Showalter Index (ShI) = 19.2 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 24.2 Precipitable Water (PW) = 2.7 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = 18 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 275 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -21085 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 320 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 304 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done