================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2017120 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=105 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 996.0 11.8 5.8 0.0 0.0 221.0 285.3 5.818 SIGT 988.0 11.0 2.0 2.6 1.0 288.5 285.1 4.479 SIGW 950.5 8.2 0.9 15.0 5.8 609.0 285.5 4.314 MAND 925.0 6.2 0.2 5.0 7.0 833.8 285.7 4.200 SIGT 919.0 5.6 0.6 1.7 8.3 887.2 285.6 4.353 SIGW 916.0 5.4 0.2 360.0 8.9 914.0 285.6 4.242 SIGT 904.0 4.6 -1.4 354.7 11.7 1021.7 285.9 3.821 SIGT 890.0 6.2 -8.8 348.4 15.1 1149.3 288.8 2.208 SIGW 882.5 6.7 -11.3 345.0 16.9 1219.0 290.1 1.831 SIGT 870.0 7.6 -15.4 327.9 18.0 1336.0 292.2 1.325 SIGT 854.0 6.8 -9.2 305.6 19.4 1488.7 292.9 2.230 MAND 850.0 6.4 -6.6 300.0 19.8 1527.2 292.9 2.744 SIGT 845.0 6.0 -1.0 297.6 21.7 1575.6 292.9 4.212 SIGT 842.0 6.2 1.2 296.1 22.9 1604.8 293.4 4.966 SIGT 836.0 7.6 2.6 293.2 25.3 1663.7 295.5 5.534 SIGT 833.0 7.4 4.7 291.7 26.4 1693.3 295.6 6.450 SIGT 825.0 6.8 5.3 287.8 29.6 1772.9 295.8 6.794 SIGW 819.4 6.7 5.2 285.0 31.9 1829.0 296.2 6.811 SIGT 790.0 6.0 4.9 285.0 37.8 2129.5 298.6 6.901 SIGW 789.6 6.0 4.9 285.0 37.9 2134.0 298.7 6.903 SIGT 782.0 6.6 4.8 282.4 38.6 2213.1 300.1 6.924 SIGW 760.8 5.9 3.9 275.0 40.8 2439.0 301.8 6.669 SIGT 750.0 5.6 3.4 271.1 43.5 2556.4 302.7 6.539 SIGW 733.1 5.3 1.8 265.0 47.8 2743.0 304.3 5.981 SIGT 721.0 5.0 0.7 262.8 50.0 2879.3 305.4 5.600 SIGW 706.3 4.2 0.2 260.0 52.8 3048.0 306.3 5.517 MAND 700.0 3.8 0.0 260.0 49.9 3120.5 306.7 5.481 SIGT 670.0 1.4 -1.3 260.0 47.2 3475.6 307.9 5.205 SIGW 655.0 0.9 -3.0 260.0 45.8 3658.0 309.3 4.675 SIGT 652.0 0.8 -3.4 260.3 45.7 3695.1 309.6 4.573 SIGT 628.0 -1.3 -4.9 262.8 44.8 3995.8 310.5 4.239 SIGW 606.9 -3.2 -8.1 265.0 43.9 4268.0 311.4 3.436 SIGT 604.0 -3.5 -8.5 265.0 44.0 4305.6 311.5 3.336 SIGT 571.0 -6.5 -10.2 265.0 45.4 4748.0 313.0 3.086 SIGW 561.6 -6.5 -14.3 265.0 45.8 4878.0 314.5 2.243 SIGT 559.0 -6.5 -15.5 265.6 45.3 4914.2 314.9 2.048 SIGT 552.0 -7.1 -16.1 267.2 43.9 5012.6 315.3 1.973 SIGT 548.0 -7.1 -19.1 268.1 43.0 5069.4 316.0 1.541 SIGT 539.0 -7.7 -20.7 270.3 41.1 5198.4 316.8 1.365 SIGW 519.3 -9.6 -20.4 275.0 36.9 5487.0 317.9 1.453 SIGT 512.0 -10.3 -20.3 273.1 38.0 5596.6 318.3 1.488 SIGT 506.0 -10.5 -22.5 271.6 38.9 5687.4 319.2 1.242 MAND 500.0 -11.3 -23.3 270.0 39.8 5779.1 319.3 1.171 SIGW 479.5 -14.0 -24.4 275.0 38.9 6097.0 319.8 1.108 SIGT 463.0 -16.3 -25.3 279.4 39.7 6363.7 320.1 1.057 SIGW 460.6 -16.6 -25.4 280.0 39.8 6402.0 320.3 1.057 MAND 400.0 -23.7 -26.9 265.0 50.9 7449.4 324.2 1.058 SIGW 390.4 -24.9 -28.7 260.0 51.9 7621.0 324.8 0.918 SIGW 343.2 -31.5 -38.3 275.0 64.9 8536.0 328.2 0.410 SIGW 315.0 -35.8 -44.7 275.0 62.9 9146.0 330.3 0.226 MAND 300.0 -38.3 -48.3 275.0 68.8 9491.3 331.4 0.160 MAND 250.0 -48.3 -62.3 275.0 70.9 10719.3 334.3 0.045 MAND 200.0 -60.1 -77.1 280.0 78.9 12150.9 337.6 ----- MAXW 189.0 -61.7 -78.1 280.0 82.8 12497.4 340.6 ----- SIGW 179.8 -63.1 -79.0 285.0 77.9 12804.0 343.2 ----- SIGW 154.8 -67.2 -81.5 290.0 39.8 13719.0 351.1 ----- MAND 150.0 -68.1 -82.1 280.0 45.8 13913.1 352.8 ----- TRO1 139.0 -71.3 -83.3 275.0 43.9 14367.1 354.9 ----- SIGW 133.0 -70.2 -83.5 265.0 42.9 14634.0 361.4 ----- SIGW 126.4 -69.0 -83.8 250.0 39.8 14939.0 368.9 ----- SIGW 120.2 -67.8 -84.1 255.0 47.8 15243.0 376.5 ----- MAND 100.0 -63.3 -84.3 300.0 28.0 16353.4 405.4 ----- SIGT 97.1 -62.5 -84.5 278.1 20.9 16534.7 410.4 ----- SIGW 93.5 -63.6 -84.7 250.0 11.8 16768.0 412.8 ----- SIGW 88.9 -65.0 -85.0 240.0 18.8 17073.0 415.9 ----- SIGT 87.4 -65.5 -85.1 250.5 21.6 17179.7 416.9 ----- SIGW 84.6 -63.3 -85.1 270.0 26.8 17378.0 425.3 ----- SIGT 80.6 -59.9 -85.1 294.8 18.9 17679.1 438.2 ----- SIGW 80.6 -59.9 -85.1 295.0 18.8 17682.0 438.3 ----- SIGW 73.0 -61.3 -85.1 280.0 11.8 18292.0 447.8 ----- MAND 70.0 -61.9 -85.1 270.0 7.0 18556.1 452.0 ----- SIGW 66.2 -63.3 -85.1 240.0 14.0 18902.0 456.2 ----- SIGT 65.7 -63.5 -85.1 241.8 14.0 18947.0 456.8 ----- SIGT 61.7 -62.1 -85.1 257.7 14.0 19334.2 468.1 ----- SIGT 60.0 -63.1 -85.1 264.8 14.0 19506.5 469.7 ----- SIGW 59.9 -63.1 -85.1 265.0 14.0 19512.0 469.9 ----- SIGT 57.8 -61.3 -85.1 265.0 18.3 19737.4 478.8 ----- SIGW 57.1 -61.4 -85.1 265.0 19.8 19817.0 480.3 ----- SIGW 54.3 -61.8 -85.1 280.0 11.8 20121.0 486.1 ----- SIGW 51.7 -62.3 -85.1 290.0 1.9 20426.0 492.0 ----- SIGT 50.3 -62.5 -85.1 290.0 6.1 20597.7 495.4 ----- MAND 50.0 -62.3 -85.1 290.0 7.0 20634.7 496.7 ----- SIGT 47.0 -60.1 -85.1 333.1 10.7 21019.0 510.8 ----- SIGW 46.9 -60.1 -85.1 335.0 10.9 21036.0 511.2 ----- SIGW 44.6 -60.5 -85.1 10.0 5.8 21341.0 517.6 ----- SIGT 39.5 -61.3 -85.1 43.2 4.2 22101.2 533.9 ----- SIGT 37.4 -59.7 -85.1 58.1 3.5 22441.6 546.4 ----- SIGW 33.3 -59.4 -85.1 90.0 1.9 23170.0 565.7 ----- SIGW 31.7 -59.3 -85.1 30.0 15.0 23475.0 574.0 ----- SIGW 30.2 -59.1 -85.1 330.0 1.0 23780.0 582.4 ----- MAND 30.0 -59.1 -85.1 50.0 5.8 23822.4 583.6 ----- SIGW 27.4 -57.1 -85.1 330.0 8.0 24390.0 604.3 ----- SIGT 26.2 -56.1 -85.1 7.7 10.8 24677.8 615.1 ----- SIGW 24.9 -56.6 -85.1 50.0 14.0 25000.0 622.8 ----- SIGW 23.7 -57.0 -85.1 65.0 11.8 25304.0 630.1 ----- SIGT 21.6 -57.9 -85.1 48.5 8.0 25900.6 644.6 ----- MAND 20.0 -56.3 -85.1 35.0 4.9 26387.8 663.9 ----- SIGW 17.0 -53.2 -85.1 120.0 4.9 27439.0 705.6 ----- SIGW 16.2 -52.3 -85.1 0.0 0.0 27743.0 718.1 ----- SIGT 16.0 -52.1 -85.1 360.0 0.4 27819.4 721.3 ----- SIGT 14.5 -48.1 -82.1 360.0 4.1 28462.8 755.3 ----- SIGT 13.6 -48.3 -82.3 360.0 6.5 28885.1 768.6 ----- SIGT 12.7 -45.5 -80.5 360.0 9.2 29339.0 793.6 ----- SIGW 11.2 -46.1 -81.1 360.0 14.0 30182.0 820.6 ----- SIGT 10.8 -46.3 -81.3 ----- ----- 30418.1 828.3 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 30 Apr 2017120 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 0.7 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 285.6 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 296.8 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 4.3 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 848 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -0.8 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = ----- Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 16.1 C K Index (KI) = 7.3 Lifted Index (LI) = 19.9 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 79.5 Showalter Index (ShI) = 17.2 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 22.4 Precipitable Water (PW) = 21.2 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -246 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 301 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = ----- Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 331 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 315 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done