================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2022341 TIME=120000 VALID LEVELS=166
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Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
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Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 993.0 7.0 7.0 315.0 2.9 221.0 280.7 6.344
SIGW 947.2 6.3 6.3 260.0 9.9 609.0 283.9 6.353
MAND 925.0 6.0 6.0 250.0 8.9 804.5 285.5 6.357
SIGW 879.5 5.8 5.8 250.0 16.9 1219.0 289.4 6.613
SIGT 870.0 5.8 5.8 250.0 18.8 1307.7 290.3 6.669
SIGT 854.0 6.2 6.2 250.0 22.1 1460.2 292.3 6.988
MAND 850.0 6.0 6.0 250.0 22.9 1498.8 292.4 6.924
SIGW 816.3 4.2 4.2 255.0 17.9 1829.0 294.0 6.373
SIGT 797.0 3.2 3.2 245.4 22.4 2024.8 294.9 6.062
SIGW 786.4 4.0 3.5 240.0 24.9 2134.0 296.8 6.273
SIGT 786.0 4.0 3.5 240.0 24.9 2137.9 296.9 6.281
SIGW 757.4 1.6 1.6 240.0 29.9 2439.0 297.5 5.673
SIGT 755.0 1.4 1.4 240.4 30.1 2464.3 297.5 5.624
SIGT 752.0 1.6 0.8 240.9 30.3 2496.5 298.1 5.406
SIGT 737.0 0.0 -0.3 243.6 31.3 2658.7 298.1 5.090
SIGT 733.0 0.2 -1.2 244.3 31.6 2702.4 298.8 4.790
SIGW 729.3 0.1 -1.5 245.0 31.9 2743.0 299.1 4.706
SIGT 727.0 0.0 -1.7 244.6 32.6 2768.4 299.2 4.654
SIGT 715.0 -0.9 -2.1 242.6 36.2 2901.8 299.7 4.594
SIGT 701.0 -1.9 -4.7 240.2 40.5 3059.7 300.3 3.853
MAND 700.0 -1.7 -5.1 240.0 40.8 3071.0 300.6 3.743
SIGT 698.0 -1.7 -5.5 240.0 41.0 3093.8 300.9 3.640
SIGW 675.5 -4.3 -6.2 240.0 42.9 3353.0 300.8 3.572
SIGT 665.0 -5.5 -6.5 238.0 38.4 3477.2 300.8 3.539
SIGT 661.0 -5.5 -6.9 237.2 36.7 3524.6 301.3 3.452
SIGT 652.0 -5.1 -11.1 235.4 32.8 3632.4 302.9 2.514
SIGW 649.9 -5.1 -11.6 235.0 31.9 3658.0 303.2 2.420
SIGT 643.0 -5.3 -13.3 237.1 33.4 3741.7 303.9 2.133
SIGT 630.0 -5.5 -16.5 241.0 36.3 3902.1 305.5 1.671
SIGT 608.0 -7.7 -18.7 247.8 41.3 4180.0 306.1 1.437
SIGW 601.2 -8.3 -20.3 250.0 42.9 4268.0 306.4 1.271
SIGT 601.0 -8.3 -20.3 250.0 43.0 4270.0 306.4 1.267
SIGT 595.0 -7.9 -28.9 250.0 45.0 4348.0 307.7 0.591
SIGT 572.0 -9.1 -48.1 250.0 53.0 4653.8 309.8 0.086
SIGT 570.0 -9.1 -38.1 250.0 53.7 4680.9 310.1 0.252
SIGT 566.0 -9.5 -30.5 250.0 55.1 4735.3 310.3 0.535
SIGT 563.0 -9.7 -34.7 250.0 56.2 4776.4 310.5 0.358
SIGW 555.6 -10.4 -29.0 250.0 58.9 4878.0 310.8 0.628
SIGT 555.0 -10.5 -28.5 249.9 58.9 4886.7 310.8 0.658
SIGT 544.0 -11.5 -27.5 249.0 58.9 5040.6 311.4 0.736
SIGT 540.0 -11.9 -28.9 248.6 58.9 5097.1 311.6 0.651
SIGT 538.0 -12.1 -29.1 248.5 58.9 5125.5 311.7 0.642
SIGT 501.0 -17.3 -29.3 245.1 58.9 5665.3 311.8 0.676
MAND 500.0 -17.3 -29.3 245.0 58.9 5680.3 312.0 0.678
SIGT 495.0 -18.1 -26.1 245.0 59.6 5755.6 311.9 0.920
SIGT 481.0 -19.9 -24.1 245.0 61.7 5969.4 312.2 1.134
SIGW 472.8 -20.9 -24.5 245.0 62.9 6097.0 312.6 1.108
SIGT 461.0 -22.3 -25.2 246.5 62.9 6283.2 313.0 1.072
SIGT 460.0 -22.5 -25.5 246.7 62.9 6299.2 313.0 1.045
SIGT 458.0 -22.9 -25.9 246.9 62.9 6331.2 312.9 1.012
SIGT 437.0 -25.7 -27.9 249.7 62.9 6673.6 313.6 0.883
SIGW 435.0 -26.0 -28.0 250.0 62.9 6707.0 313.6 0.882
SIGT 421.0 -27.9 -28.4 252.0 67.6 6943.0 314.1 0.875
SIGT 420.0 -28.1 -28.6 252.1 67.9 6960.1 314.1 0.861
SIGT 415.0 -28.3 -30.3 252.8 69.6 7046.1 314.9 0.743
SIGT 401.0 -30.5 -33.2 254.9 74.4 7291.3 315.1 0.583
MAND 400.0 -30.7 -34.5 255.0 74.8 7309.0 315.1 0.515
SIGT 395.0 -31.3 -37.3 255.0 76.0 7398.3 315.5 0.394
SIGT 386.0 -32.7 -35.9 255.0 78.1 7561.2 315.7 0.464
SIGW 382.7 -33.2 -36.7 255.0 78.9 7621.0 315.8 0.431
SIGT 382.0 -33.3 -36.9 254.9 79.0 7634.5 315.9 0.424
SIGT 376.0 -34.3 -36.5 254.0 80.3 7745.6 316.0 0.449
SIGT 369.0 -35.1 -38.9 252.9 81.8 7876.9 316.6 0.358
SIGT 366.0 -35.5 -38.4 252.4 82.5 7933.8 316.8 0.380
SIGT 358.0 -36.9 -40.7 251.2 84.2 8087.3 316.9 0.306
SIGT 357.0 -36.9 -41.8 251.0 84.4 8106.7 317.2 0.273
SIGT 355.0 -37.1 -40.7 250.7 84.9 8145.6 317.4 0.308
SIGT 354.0 -37.3 -41.9 250.5 85.1 8165.1 317.4 0.272
SIGT 352.0 -37.7 -41.9 250.2 85.6 8204.2 317.4 0.274
SIGW 350.6 -37.7 -45.2 250.0 85.9 8231.0 317.8 0.192
SIGT 350.0 -37.7 -46.7 250.1 86.0 8243.5 317.9 0.163
SIGT 349.0 -37.7 -46.7 250.2 86.1 8263.3 318.2 0.163
SIGT 348.0 -37.5 -54.5 250.3 86.3 8283.1 318.7 0.073
SIGT 321.0 -42.1 -54.1 253.3 91.1 8835.3 319.8 0.083
SIGT 315.0 -42.1 -58.1 254.0 92.2 8963.0 321.5 0.056
SIGT 314.0 -41.9 -59.9 254.1 92.4 8984.6 322.1 0.045
SIGW 306.6 -42.9 -59.9 255.0 93.8 9146.0 322.8 0.046
MAND 300.0 -43.9 -59.9 255.0 95.8 9292.3 323.5 0.047
SIGT 261.0 -50.7 -60.7 262.7 106.5 10213.9 326.7 0.050
MAND 250.0 -53.3 -61.3 265.0 109.8 10492.9 326.8 0.050
SIGT 246.0 -54.1 -62.1 265.9 110.1 10596.7 327.2 0.047
SIGT 242.0 -55.1 -65.1 266.9 110.5 10701.7 327.2 -----
SIGT 235.0 -56.1 -67.1 268.6 111.2 10888.8 328.4 -----
SIGT 229.0 -57.1 -66.1 270.1 111.8 11052.9 329.4 -----
SIGT 222.0 -58.1 -69.1 271.9 112.6 11248.9 330.8 -----
SIGW 210.4 -59.0 -72.8 275.0 113.8 11585.0 334.5 -----
SIGT 206.0 -59.3 -74.3 272.9 112.1 11719.0 336.0 -----
MAND 200.0 -60.3 -75.3 270.0 109.8 11903.8 337.3 -----
SIGT 190.0 -62.5 -76.5 267.3 113.6 12222.0 338.7 -----
MAXW 182.0 -63.6 -77.6 265.0 116.7 12486.5 341.2 -----
TRO1 178.0 -64.1 -78.1 265.0 113.8 12623.2 342.5 -----
SIGW 172.8 -63.5 -79.3 265.0 116.7 12804.0 346.3 -----
SIGT 159.0 -61.9 -82.9 265.0 102.1 13318.2 357.5 -----
MAND 150.0 -64.3 -83.3 265.0 91.9 13676.9 359.3 -----
SIGW 149.0 -64.4 -83.4 265.0 87.8 13719.0 359.9 -----
SIGT 148.0 -64.5 -83.5 265.0 87.6 13759.0 360.4 -----
SIGT 142.0 -64.5 -84.5 265.0 86.1 14012.0 364.7 -----
SIGT 126.0 -64.1 -84.7 265.0 81.8 14743.6 378.1 -----
SIGW 116.2 -62.7 -84.8 265.0 78.9 15243.0 389.6 -----
SIGW 105.3 -60.9 -84.9 270.0 75.8 15853.0 404.1 -----
SIGT 103.0 -60.5 -84.9 270.0 66.8 15988.8 407.4 -----
MAND 100.0 -61.5 -84.9 270.0 54.8 16172.5 408.9 -----
SIGW 95.4 -61.4 -84.9 270.0 54.8 16463.0 414.7 -----
SIGT 93.7 -61.3 -84.9 262.6 48.1 16576.3 417.0 -----
SIGW 90.8 -61.9 -84.9 250.0 36.9 16768.0 419.5 -----
SIGT 84.6 -63.3 -84.9 257.2 38.3 17207.5 425.3 -----
SIGW 82.3 -64.6 -84.9 260.0 38.9 17378.0 426.0 -----
SIGT 79.5 -66.3 -84.9 249.7 38.9 17587.1 426.7 -----
SIGW 78.3 -66.5 -84.9 245.0 38.9 17682.0 428.2 -----
SIGW 70.7 -68.0 -84.9 255.0 47.8 18292.0 437.7 -----
MAND 70.0 -68.1 -84.9 250.0 52.8 18355.0 438.7 -----
SIGW 67.2 -68.2 -84.9 255.0 53.8 18597.0 443.5 -----
SIGT 62.3 -68.5 -84.9 258.8 41.9 19054.5 452.7 -----
SIGT 61.4 -67.3 -84.9 259.5 39.6 19142.0 457.3 -----
SIGW 60.7 -67.5 -84.9 260.0 37.9 19207.0 458.2 -----
SIGT 59.0 -68.1 -84.9 254.3 38.4 19382.1 460.7 -----
SIGT 58.1 -66.5 -84.9 251.2 38.7 19474.8 466.3 -----
SIGT 56.2 -67.5 -84.9 244.6 39.4 19675.6 468.5 -----
SIGW 54.9 -65.9 -84.9 240.0 39.8 19817.0 475.3 -----
SIGT 52.7 -63.1 -84.9 256.5 44.0 20067.2 487.4 -----
SIGW 52.2 -63.2 -84.9 260.0 44.9 20121.0 488.5 -----
MAND 50.0 -63.5 -84.9 265.0 45.8 20390.6 493.9 -----
SIGW 47.3 -64.0 -84.9 265.0 45.8 20731.0 500.5 -----
SIGT 44.1 -64.7 -84.9 261.5 34.6 21159.8 509.0 -----
SIGW 42.8 -64.1 -84.9 260.0 29.9 21341.0 514.8 -----
SIGW 40.7 -63.1 -84.9 245.0 22.0 21646.0 524.7 -----
SIGT 39.6 -62.5 -84.9 253.6 26.5 21820.6 530.4 -----
SIGW 38.8 -63.3 -84.9 260.0 29.9 21951.0 531.6 -----
SIGT 38.0 -64.1 -84.9 258.0 30.3 22074.2 532.7 -----
SIGT 37.2 -63.1 -84.9 255.8 30.7 22204.9 538.5 -----
SIGW 35.1 -64.2 -84.9 250.0 31.9 22560.0 544.6 -----
SIGT 34.6 -64.5 -84.9 239.8 30.4 22649.3 546.1 -----
SIGW 33.4 -64.2 -84.9 215.0 26.8 22865.0 552.4 -----
SIGW 31.8 -63.8 -84.9 235.0 37.9 23170.0 561.4 -----
MAND 30.0 -63.3 -84.9 245.0 22.0 23524.0 572.1 -----
SIGW 28.8 -62.0 -84.9 245.0 22.9 23780.0 582.5 -----
SIGT 28.7 -61.9 -84.9 245.6 23.1 23797.3 583.3 -----
SIGT 28.1 -61.9 -84.9 249.9 24.4 23928.1 586.8 -----
SIGW 26.1 -64.3 -84.9 265.0 28.9 24390.0 592.9 -----
SIGT 25.7 -64.7 -84.9 268.6 28.6 24477.0 594.0 -----
SIGT 25.0 -62.9 -84.9 275.5 28.0 24646.4 603.9 -----
SIGW 23.6 -61.8 -84.9 290.0 26.8 25000.0 617.0 -----
SIGW 22.5 -60.8 -84.9 250.0 25.8 25304.0 628.6 -----
SIGW 21.4 -59.9 -84.9 245.0 35.0 25609.0 640.3 -----
SIGT 21.0 -59.5 -84.9 247.8 33.5 25729.2 645.0 -----
SIGT 20.9 -59.3 -84.9 248.5 33.2 25759.1 646.5 -----
MAND 20.0 -60.3 -84.9 255.0 29.9 26034.3 651.6 -----
SIGT 18.3 -58.3 -84.9 255.0 29.9 26590.9 674.7 -----
SIGT 17.6 -58.3 -84.9 255.0 29.9 26836.5 682.2 -----
SIGT 17.4 -58.3 -84.9 255.0 29.9 26908.4 684.5 -----
SIGW 16.0 -58.8 -84.9 255.0 29.9 27439.0 699.4 -----
SIGT 14.9 -59.3 -84.9 250.1 36.2 27882.6 712.2 -----
SIGT 14.2 -58.1 -84.9 246.8 40.5 28185.0 726.1 -----
SIGW 13.8 -59.5 -84.9 245.0 42.9 28353.0 727.1 -----
SIGT 13.6 -60.3 -84.9 249.2 42.2 28455.6 727.6 -----
SIGT 12.7 -58.9 -84.9 266.8 39.4 28884.1 746.9 -----
SIGW 12.5 -59.1 -84.9 270.0 38.9 28963.0 748.8 -----
SIGT 12.0 -59.9 -84.9 265.5 38.9 29239.1 755.6 -----
SIGW 11.9 -59.8 -84.9 265.0 38.9 29268.0 757.0 -----
SIGW 11.4 -58.6 -84.9 250.0 46.8 29573.0 771.9 -----
SIGT 10.9 -57.5 -84.9 255.0 50.2 29843.3 785.4 -----
MAND 10.0 -59.5 -84.9 265.0 56.9 30385.3 797.5 -----
SIGT 8.3 -53.9 -84.9 ----- ----- 31567.1 863.2 -----
SIGT 7.7 -52.9 -84.9 ----- ----- 32050.2 885.9 -----
SIGT 7.1 -54.1 -83.9 ----- ----- 32572.3 901.8 -----
SIGT 6.1 -48.1 -83.1 ----- ----- 33560.0 967.6 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 1200 UTC 07 Dec 2022341
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 6.3 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 284.3 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 300.8 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 6.4 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 943 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 6.4 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 943 mb
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 16.5 C
K Index (KI) = 25.9
Lifted Index (LI) = 11.1
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 176.9
Showalter Index (ShI) = 4.4
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 46.6
Precipitable Water (PW) = 22.1 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = 96 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 307 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -----
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 323 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 307 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
================================================================================
UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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