================================================================================
SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2024117 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=158
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev
72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix
Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg]
-------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------
SFC 1001.0 8.8 -6.2 20.0 8.0 221.0 281.9 2.402
MAND 1000.0 7.6 -7.4 25.0 4.9 229.3 280.8 2.191
SIGW 954.5 4.0 -8.0 30.0 8.0 609.0 280.9 2.192
MAND 925.0 1.6 -8.4 85.0 5.8 864.6 281.0 2.192
SIGT 921.0 1.4 -8.6 88.4 5.5 899.5 281.1 2.167
SIGT 908.0 1.0 -8.0 99.7 4.6 1013.9 281.8 2.304
SIGT 890.0 -0.1 -12.1 115.6 3.3 1174.6 282.3 1.697
SIGT 886.0 -0.3 -16.3 119.2 3.0 1210.7 282.5 1.207
SIGW 885.1 -0.4 -15.9 120.0 2.9 1219.0 282.5 1.246
SIGT 880.0 -0.9 -13.9 145.7 3.3 1265.0 282.4 1.483
SIGT 875.0 -1.3 -17.3 171.1 3.7 1310.5 282.4 1.124
SIGT 874.0 -1.3 -19.3 176.2 3.8 1319.6 282.5 0.949
SIGT 869.0 -1.1 -30.1 201.7 4.2 1365.3 283.2 0.362
MAND 850.0 -1.9 -32.9 300.0 5.8 1541.3 284.2 0.283
SIGT 842.0 -2.1 -34.1 300.0 5.8 1616.5 284.7 0.254
SIGW 819.7 -3.8 -34.5 300.0 5.8 1829.0 285.1 0.251
SIGT 809.0 -4.7 -34.7 293.2 5.8 1932.5 285.2 0.249
SIGW 788.5 -5.4 -40.3 280.0 5.8 2134.0 286.6 0.145
SIGT 784.0 -5.5 -41.5 283.7 5.7 2179.1 287.0 0.128
SIGW 758.3 -7.5 -38.4 305.0 4.9 2439.0 287.5 0.183
SIGT 744.0 -8.7 -36.7 295.2 8.3 2587.4 287.8 0.222
SIGT 738.0 -8.9 -31.9 291.1 9.7 2650.1 288.2 0.359
SIGT 735.0 -8.7 -27.7 289.0 10.4 2681.7 288.8 0.535
SIGW 729.2 -8.6 -30.8 285.0 11.8 2743.0 289.6 0.405
SIGT 717.0 -8.3 -37.3 297.9 12.3 2874.0 291.3 0.217
SIGT 711.0 -8.5 -30.5 304.3 12.5 2939.2 291.8 0.426
SIGT 707.0 -8.1 -39.1 308.6 12.6 2983.0 292.7 0.183
SIGW 701.1 -8.3 -36.7 315.0 12.8 3048.0 293.2 0.235
MAND 700.0 -8.3 -36.3 310.0 12.8 3060.2 293.3 0.246
SIGT 693.0 -8.7 -37.7 308.7 13.6 3138.2 293.7 0.216
SIGT 691.0 -8.7 -27.7 308.3 13.8 3160.6 293.9 0.569
SIGT 689.0 -8.9 -24.9 307.9 14.1 3183.0 294.0 0.736
SIGT 679.0 -9.3 -24.3 306.1 15.2 3296.2 294.8 0.788
SIGT 672.0 -9.7 -28.7 304.7 16.0 3376.3 295.2 0.533
SIGT 668.0 -9.9 -27.9 303.9 16.5 3422.4 295.5 0.578
SIGT 665.0 -10.1 -23.1 303.4 16.8 3457.1 295.6 0.896
SIGT 661.0 -10.3 -27.3 302.6 17.3 3503.6 295.9 0.617
SIGT 658.0 -10.5 -22.5 302.0 17.6 3538.6 296.1 0.955
SIGW 647.9 -11.5 -23.5 300.0 18.8 3658.0 296.2 0.886
SIGT 646.0 -11.7 -23.7 301.8 18.8 3680.0 296.3 0.874
SIGT 638.0 -11.7 -32.7 309.6 18.5 3775.5 297.3 0.384
SIGT 628.0 -12.7 -37.7 319.5 18.1 3896.4 297.5 0.238
SIGW 622.5 -12.6 -38.8 325.0 17.9 3963.0 298.4 0.215
SIGT 619.0 -12.5 -39.5 323.6 18.0 4006.6 299.0 0.200
SIGT 601.0 -14.1 -35.1 316.2 18.7 4231.3 299.7 0.323
SIGW 598.1 -14.3 -36.6 315.0 18.8 4268.0 299.8 0.280
SIGT 580.0 -15.9 -45.9 320.7 19.2 4500.4 300.6 0.107
SIGT 569.0 -17.1 -39.1 324.3 19.4 4644.4 300.9 0.227
SIGT 562.0 -17.7 -48.7 326.5 19.6 4737.1 301.2 0.082
SIGW 551.5 -18.6 -51.1 330.0 19.8 4878.0 301.8 0.067
SIGT 548.0 -18.9 -51.9 331.2 20.0 4925.5 302.0 0.062
SIGT 514.0 -22.7 -45.7 342.8 21.6 5399.2 303.0 0.124
SIGW 507.9 -23.0 -45.2 345.0 22.0 5487.0 303.6 0.133
MAND 500.0 -23.5 -44.5 340.0 26.8 5601.5 304.4 0.145
SIGT 479.0 -25.9 -43.9 340.0 26.2 5913.9 305.2 0.162
SIGW 467.0 -26.9 -47.5 340.0 25.8 6097.0 306.1 0.112
SIGT 465.0 -27.1 -48.1 339.5 26.3 6128.3 306.3 0.105
SIGW 447.4 -29.5 -48.1 335.0 29.9 6402.0 306.6 0.109
SIGT 416.0 -34.1 -48.1 338.3 29.9 6919.7 307.2 0.118
MAND 400.0 -36.5 -50.5 340.0 29.9 7193.1 307.6 0.097
SIGT 392.0 -37.7 -50.7 338.4 29.6 7332.8 307.8 0.097
SIGT 377.0 -39.7 -54.7 335.2 29.0 7600.9 308.6 0.065
SIGW 375.9 -39.9 -54.7 335.0 28.9 7621.0 308.6 0.065
SIGT 355.0 -43.3 -55.3 336.3 29.9 8009.0 309.1 0.065
SIGT 345.0 -44.5 -58.5 336.9 30.4 8201.0 310.0 0.049
SIGT 341.0 -45.1 -55.1 337.2 30.6 8279.0 310.2 0.068
SIGT 337.0 -45.7 -56.7 337.4 30.8 8357.7 310.5 0.060
SIGT 334.0 -45.7 -58.7 337.6 31.0 8417.3 311.3 0.049
SIGT 324.0 -46.9 -56.9 338.3 31.5 8619.4 312.3 0.061
SIGT 322.0 -46.9 -57.9 338.5 31.6 8660.4 312.9 0.056
MAND 300.0 -50.7 -58.7 340.0 32.8 9125.7 313.9 0.055
SIGT 291.0 -52.1 -59.1 340.0 32.8 9323.6 314.7 0.054
SIGT 284.0 -53.3 -61.3 340.0 32.8 9480.9 315.1 0.044
SIGT 278.0 -54.1 -62.1 340.0 32.8 9618.2 315.9 0.041
SIGT 272.0 -55.1 -61.1 340.0 32.8 9757.9 316.4 0.046
SIGT 269.0 -55.7 -62.7 340.0 32.8 9828.7 316.6 0.040
SIGT 262.0 -56.9 -62.9 340.0 32.8 9996.2 317.2 0.040
SIGW 259.4 -57.1 -64.8 340.0 32.8 10060.0 317.9 -----
SIGT 259.0 -57.1 -65.1 339.4 33.2 10069.2 318.0 -----
TRO1 256.0 -57.5 -68.5 335.0 35.9 10142.8 318.4 -----
SIGT 253.0 -56.9 -75.9 332.5 38.9 10217.4 320.4 -----
MAND 250.0 -56.9 -75.9 330.0 42.0 10293.0 321.5 -----
SIGT 227.0 -52.7 -79.7 318.1 43.8 10910.5 336.9 -----
SIGT 219.0 -53.7 -79.7 313.6 44.5 11141.7 338.8 -----
SIGT 216.0 -52.5 -80.5 311.9 44.8 11230.7 342.0 -----
SIGW 204.5 -53.2 -79.8 305.0 45.8 11585.0 346.3 -----
MAND 200.0 -53.5 -79.5 315.0 50.9 11727.1 348.1 -----
SIGW 195.0 -53.1 -80.5 315.0 50.9 11890.0 351.2 -----
SIGT 179.0 -51.9 -83.9 315.0 48.1 12443.7 361.9 -----
SIGT 178.0 -51.9 -83.9 315.0 47.9 12480.0 362.5 -----
SIGW 177.5 -51.9 -83.9 315.0 47.8 12500.0 362.8 -----
SIGW 154.1 -52.4 -84.9 300.0 42.9 13414.0 376.9 -----
MAND 150.0 -52.5 -85.1 315.0 42.0 13588.0 379.6 -----
SIGW 140.1 -53.1 -85.1 310.0 35.9 14024.0 385.9 -----
SIGW 133.6 -53.6 -85.1 295.0 37.9 14329.0 390.4 -----
SIGW 115.9 -54.9 -85.1 300.0 42.9 15243.0 404.2 -----
SIGT 107.0 -55.7 -85.1 305.6 44.6 15756.2 412.1 -----
SIGT 104.0 -54.1 -85.1 307.6 45.1 15938.1 418.5 -----
SIGW 100.5 -54.4 -85.1 310.0 45.8 16158.0 421.9 -----
MAND 100.0 -54.5 -85.1 305.0 33.8 16189.6 422.4 -----
SIGW 95.8 -54.9 -85.1 305.0 33.8 16463.0 426.8 -----
SIGW 87.1 -55.9 -85.1 295.0 42.9 17073.0 436.6 -----
SIGT 85.7 -56.1 -85.1 300.0 39.9 17174.6 438.3 -----
SIGW 83.0 -55.6 -85.1 310.0 33.8 17378.0 443.3 -----
SIGT 79.3 -54.9 -85.1 295.6 34.9 17669.6 450.6 -----
SIGW 79.1 -54.9 -85.1 295.0 35.0 17682.0 450.8 -----
SIGW 71.9 -57.0 -85.1 300.0 23.9 18292.0 459.0 -----
SIGT 71.4 -57.1 -85.1 297.3 25.0 18337.3 459.6 -----
MAND 70.0 -56.7 -85.1 290.0 28.0 18462.8 463.1 -----
SIGW 65.3 -55.8 -85.1 280.0 25.8 18902.0 474.4 -----
SIGT 65.0 -55.7 -85.1 283.1 26.4 18933.9 475.2 -----
SIGW 62.3 -56.4 -85.1 310.0 30.9 19207.0 479.5 -----
SIGT 60.6 -56.9 -85.1 302.9 28.6 19379.3 482.2 -----
SIGW 56.6 -54.3 -85.1 285.0 22.9 19817.0 497.6 -----
SIGT 55.4 -53.5 -85.1 296.1 22.9 19952.2 502.5 -----
SIGW 54.0 -54.1 -85.1 310.0 22.9 20121.0 505.0 -----
SIGW 51.4 -55.1 -85.1 305.0 19.8 20426.0 509.5 -----
MAND 50.0 -55.7 -85.1 270.0 29.9 20609.0 512.2 -----
SIGT 48.3 -56.5 -85.1 277.7 32.5 20829.0 515.4 -----
SIGW 46.8 -55.3 -85.1 285.0 35.0 21036.0 523.0 -----
SIGW 44.6 -53.6 -85.1 300.0 26.8 21341.0 534.4 -----
SIGT 44.2 -53.3 -85.1 300.9 25.8 21396.3 536.5 -----
SIGT 42.9 -53.9 -85.1 304.1 22.1 21588.3 539.6 -----
SIGW 42.5 -53.8 -85.1 305.0 21.0 21646.0 541.2 -----
SIGW 40.5 -53.4 -85.1 265.0 14.0 21951.0 549.6 -----
SIGT 40.0 -53.3 -85.1 269.3 19.4 22038.6 552.0 -----
SIGW 38.7 -50.8 -85.1 280.0 32.8 22256.0 563.6 -----
SIGT 38.2 -49.9 -85.1 281.3 29.7 22337.5 568.0 -----
SIGW 36.9 -51.4 -85.1 285.0 21.0 22560.0 569.8 -----
SIGT 36.8 -51.5 -85.1 282.6 20.4 22580.8 570.0 -----
SIGW 35.2 -51.4 -85.1 250.0 11.8 22865.0 577.5 -----
SIGT 34.5 -51.3 -85.1 265.5 12.8 23000.2 581.1 -----
SIGW 33.6 -52.3 -85.1 285.0 14.0 23170.0 582.8 -----
SIGT 32.3 -53.9 -85.1 289.2 14.0 23426.0 585.2 -----
SIGW 32.1 -53.3 -85.1 290.0 14.0 23475.0 588.2 -----
SIGT 31.6 -52.1 -85.1 282.4 15.5 23567.3 593.7 -----
SIGW 30.6 -53.0 -85.1 265.0 18.8 23780.0 597.0 -----
SIGT 30.2 -53.3 -85.1 281.3 19.5 23860.1 598.2 -----
MAND 30.0 -53.3 -85.1 290.0 19.8 23902.9 599.4 -----
SIGT 28.1 -50.5 -85.1 290.0 15.6 24327.0 618.5 -----
SIGW 27.8 -50.5 -85.1 290.0 15.0 24390.0 620.2 -----
SIGT 27.8 -50.5 -85.1 289.2 14.9 24397.0 620.4 -----
SIGW 26.6 -50.8 -85.1 255.0 14.0 24695.0 627.6 -----
SIGT 24.2 -51.5 -85.1 269.9 18.8 25299.8 642.6 -----
SIGW 24.2 -51.5 -85.1 270.0 18.8 25304.0 642.8 -----
SIGW 23.1 -49.3 -85.1 250.0 22.0 25609.0 657.9 -----
SIGT 22.8 -48.7 -85.1 252.6 24.8 25689.2 661.9 -----
SIGT 22.3 -49.5 -85.1 257.4 30.0 25834.8 663.7 -----
SIGW 22.0 -49.3 -85.1 260.0 32.8 25914.0 666.7 -----
SIGW 21.0 -48.3 -85.1 300.0 24.9 26219.0 678.4 -----
MAND 20.0 -47.3 -85.1 315.0 17.9 26551.7 691.4 -----
SIGW 18.3 -47.7 ----- 290.0 18.8 27134.0 707.9 -----
SIGW 17.5 -47.9 ----- 290.0 16.9 27439.0 716.6 -----
SIGT 16.7 -48.1 ----- 295.0 14.0 27742.9 725.4 -----
SIGW 16.7 -48.1 ----- 295.0 14.0 27743.0 725.4 -----
SIGW 15.9 -47.6 ----- 270.0 9.9 28048.0 736.6 -----
SIGW 15.2 -47.1 ----- 290.0 22.9 28353.0 748.0 -----
SIGT 14.6 -46.7 ----- ----- ----- 28631.8 758.6 -----
Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 26 Apr 2024117
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Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = -8.0 C
Potential Temperature (Th) = 281.0 K
Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 286.9 K
Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 2.2 g/kg
Stability Indices and Levels:
-----------------------------
Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 791 mb
Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = -10.4 C
Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 791 mb
Equilibrium Level (EL) = -----
Convective Temperature (CVT) = -----
Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 10.9 C
K Index (KI) = -39.3
Lifted Index (LI) = 15.0
Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 38.5
Showalter Index (ShI) = 16.6
Total Totals Index (TTI) = 12.2
Precipitable Water (PW) = 3.9 mm
Energy Analysis:
----------------
Helicity (HELI) = 130 m**2/s**2
Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = -----
Convective Inhibition (CIN) = -----
Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 290 K
CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = -----
Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 313 K
Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 322 mb
CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = -----
================================================================================
UALIST: Done
Last update : 30 December 2022
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