================================================================================ SOUNDING # 1 IDN= 72528 DAY=2020269 TIME= 0 VALID LEVELS=158 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Idn Id Station Name St Co Lat Lon Elev 72528 KBUF GREATER BUFFALO INTL NY US 42:56N 078:44W 221 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Level Pressure Temp Dew Point Dir Speed Height Theta Mix Type [MB] [C] [C] [deg] [KTS] [M ] [K] [g/kg] -------- ------ ----- ----- ----- - ---- ------- ----- ------ SFC 989.0 20.0 16.1 215.0 9.9 221.0 294.1 11.734 SIGT 971.0 18.4 14.2 225.2 16.0 379.4 294.0 10.557 SIGT 951.0 18.6 10.6 236.7 22.9 558.3 296.0 8.480 SIGW 945.4 18.3 10.3 240.0 24.9 609.0 296.1 8.332 SIGT 935.0 17.6 9.6 240.0 22.9 703.8 296.4 8.061 MAND 925.0 17.2 9.2 240.0 21.0 795.8 296.9 7.930 SIGW 912.3 16.7 6.9 240.0 15.9 914.0 297.6 6.863 SIGT 890.0 15.8 2.8 250.4 15.3 1124.5 298.8 5.270 SIGW 880.1 14.9 3.2 255.0 15.0 1219.0 298.8 5.472 SIGT 874.0 14.4 3.4 257.0 14.1 1278.2 298.9 5.603 SIGT 866.0 14.4 -1.6 259.7 13.1 1355.9 299.6 3.931 SIGT 852.0 13.6 -6.4 264.3 11.2 1493.3 300.2 2.780 MAND 850.0 13.4 -6.6 265.0 10.9 1513.1 300.2 2.744 SIGT 840.0 12.8 -3.2 265.0 10.6 1612.6 300.6 3.597 SIGT 823.0 11.0 6.0 265.0 10.0 1783.9 300.4 7.154 SIGW 818.6 10.7 5.2 265.0 9.9 1829.0 300.6 6.780 SIGT 799.0 9.4 1.4 271.6 10.5 2030.5 301.3 5.312 SIGW 789.1 8.5 0.5 275.0 10.9 2134.0 301.4 5.030 SIGT 784.0 8.0 0.0 275.0 9.8 2187.5 301.4 4.889 SIGT 768.0 7.2 -5.8 275.0 6.5 2357.6 302.3 3.232 SIGW 760.4 6.5 -3.5 275.0 4.9 2439.0 302.5 3.875 SIGT 750.0 5.6 -0.4 280.6 6.0 2552.3 302.7 4.965 SIGT 734.0 4.0 -1.0 289.3 7.8 2728.5 302.8 4.854 SIGW 732.7 3.9 -1.2 290.0 8.0 2743.0 302.9 4.808 SIGT 719.0 3.2 -2.8 305.1 12.9 2896.4 303.7 4.335 SIGT 714.0 3.2 -4.8 310.7 14.8 2953.0 304.3 3.754 SIGW 705.7 2.5 -4.9 320.0 17.9 3048.0 304.5 3.764 MAND 700.0 2.0 -5.0 320.0 16.9 3113.4 304.7 3.771 SIGT 682.0 0.2 -2.4 312.3 21.2 3323.3 305.0 4.711 SIGT 666.0 -0.3 -5.2 305.3 25.0 3513.7 306.5 3.905 SIGT 659.0 -0.3 -12.3 302.2 26.8 3598.4 307.4 2.258 SIGW 654.1 -0.7 -13.9 300.0 28.0 3658.0 307.7 1.999 SIGT 651.0 -0.9 -14.9 299.4 27.7 3696.0 307.8 1.847 SIGT 625.0 -3.3 -16.3 294.1 25.6 4020.1 308.7 1.713 SIGW 605.6 -4.9 -21.4 290.0 23.9 4268.0 309.6 1.142 SIGT 592.0 -6.1 -25.1 287.1 24.7 4447.1 310.3 0.842 SIGT 582.0 -5.9 -35.9 284.9 25.4 4580.5 312.0 0.308 SIGT 568.0 -7.3 -34.3 281.8 26.3 4770.7 312.5 0.369 SIGT 564.0 -7.7 -23.7 280.9 26.6 4825.7 312.7 1.002 SIGW 560.2 -7.9 -35.2 280.0 26.8 4878.0 313.1 0.344 SIGT 559.0 -7.9 -38.9 280.7 26.8 4895.0 313.3 0.236 SIGT 553.0 -8.3 -39.3 284.1 26.6 4978.8 313.8 0.229 SIGT 549.0 -8.7 -24.7 286.5 26.6 5035.1 313.9 0.941 SIGT 543.0 -9.5 -21.5 289.9 26.4 5120.2 314.0 1.264 SIGT 538.0 -9.9 -14.3 292.9 26.3 5191.7 314.3 2.351 SIGT 533.0 -10.3 -15.3 295.8 26.2 5263.8 314.7 2.184 SIGW 517.7 -12.0 -16.1 305.0 25.8 5487.0 315.3 2.095 SIGT 508.0 -13.1 -16.7 302.3 26.4 5632.3 315.6 2.039 MAND 500.0 -14.1 -17.7 300.0 26.8 5753.1 315.9 1.904 SIGT 491.0 -15.1 -19.5 294.0 26.8 5890.9 316.3 1.663 SIGT 480.0 -16.1 -26.1 286.5 26.8 6062.0 317.1 0.948 SIGW 477.8 -16.4 -25.5 285.0 26.8 6097.0 317.2 1.008 SIGT 475.0 -16.7 -24.7 285.5 26.7 6140.8 317.3 1.088 SIGT 466.0 -17.7 -26.7 287.3 26.5 6284.4 317.8 0.925 SIGT 462.0 -18.1 -24.1 288.1 26.4 6348.9 318.1 1.180 SIGT 457.0 -18.7 -24.7 289.1 26.3 6430.2 318.3 1.131 SIGT 450.0 -19.3 -26.3 290.5 26.1 6545.2 319.0 0.993 SIGT 444.0 -20.1 -25.1 291.7 25.9 6645.0 319.2 1.123 SIGT 438.0 -20.7 -27.7 293.0 25.8 6745.8 319.7 0.898 SIGT 426.0 -22.3 -28.3 295.5 25.4 6950.7 320.2 0.873 SIGT 420.0 -22.7 -29.7 296.8 25.3 7055.0 321.0 0.777 SIGW 405.2 -24.9 -30.4 300.0 24.9 7317.0 321.4 0.752 MAND 400.0 -25.7 -30.7 295.0 24.9 7411.0 321.6 0.743 SIGT 398.0 -26.1 -31.1 294.1 24.7 7447.4 321.5 0.719 SIGW 388.5 -27.3 -32.9 290.0 23.9 7621.0 322.1 0.621 SIGT 380.0 -28.5 -34.5 284.8 21.8 7780.9 322.7 0.542 SIGT 374.0 -29.1 -38.1 281.0 20.2 7894.9 323.3 0.383 SIGW 372.4 -29.3 -38.7 280.0 19.8 7926.0 323.4 0.364 SIGT 354.0 -32.1 -45.1 282.9 21.0 8285.5 324.4 0.192 SIGW 312.7 -39.8 -53.7 290.0 23.9 9146.0 325.5 0.089 SIGT 310.0 -40.3 -54.3 290.0 23.9 9207.1 325.5 0.084 MAND 300.0 -41.7 -58.7 290.0 23.9 9430.2 326.6 0.055 SIGT 297.0 -42.3 -60.3 292.1 24.5 9498.2 326.7 0.045 SIGW 285.7 -44.4 -62.2 300.0 26.8 9756.0 327.3 0.040 SIGW 272.9 -47.0 -64.4 275.0 28.0 10060.0 327.9 ----- SIGT 256.0 -50.5 -67.5 275.0 33.1 10485.2 328.8 ----- MAND 250.0 -51.7 -68.7 275.0 35.0 10639.6 329.2 ----- SIGW 237.2 -54.3 -69.1 285.0 35.9 10975.0 330.2 ----- SIGT 222.0 -57.7 -69.7 274.6 33.8 11399.9 331.4 ----- SIGW 215.6 -58.6 -70.6 270.0 32.8 11585.0 332.7 ----- TRO1 215.0 -58.7 -70.7 260.0 37.9 11601.7 332.9 ----- SIGT 206.0 -55.9 -70.9 260.0 63.2 11872.1 341.4 ----- SIGW 205.4 -55.9 -71.1 260.0 64.9 11890.0 341.6 ----- MAND 200.0 -55.9 -72.9 265.0 66.8 12060.3 344.3 ----- SIGT 197.0 -56.5 -75.5 265.0 67.3 12156.4 344.8 ----- SIGT 193.0 -56.1 -78.1 265.0 68.0 12286.7 347.5 ----- SIGT 191.0 -55.1 -80.1 265.0 68.4 12353.1 350.1 ----- SIGT 186.0 -55.7 -80.5 265.0 69.3 12522.4 351.8 ----- SIGT 184.0 -54.7 -80.9 265.0 69.7 12591.4 354.5 ----- SIGT 177.0 -55.1 -81.2 265.0 71.0 12839.4 357.8 ----- SIGT 174.0 -54.3 -81.5 265.0 71.6 12948.9 360.9 ----- MAXW 163.0 -56.5 -84.1 265.0 73.8 13365.3 364.0 ----- SIGT 162.0 -56.7 -84.3 265.0 73.8 13404.6 364.3 ----- SIGW 161.8 -56.7 -84.3 265.0 73.8 13414.0 364.4 ----- MAND 150.0 -57.7 -84.3 280.0 63.9 13891.6 370.7 ----- SIGT 147.0 -57.3 -84.3 280.0 63.0 14019.2 373.5 ----- SIGW 146.9 -57.2 -84.3 280.0 62.9 14024.0 373.7 ----- SIGT 144.0 -55.1 -84.3 275.9 58.4 14150.3 379.6 ----- SIGW 140.0 -54.8 -84.3 270.0 51.9 14329.0 383.2 ----- SIGT 139.0 -54.7 -84.3 270.3 51.9 14376.3 384.1 ----- SIGT 131.0 -56.3 -84.3 272.3 51.9 14754.3 387.8 ----- SIGT 126.0 -56.7 -84.3 273.7 51.9 15001.4 391.4 ----- SIGT 122.0 -57.9 -84.3 274.8 51.9 15205.4 392.9 ----- SIGW 121.3 -57.8 -84.3 275.0 51.9 15243.0 393.7 ----- SIGT 117.0 -57.5 -84.3 275.0 50.4 15469.6 398.4 ----- TRO2 105.0 -60.7 -84.3 275.0 45.8 16148.3 404.8 ----- MAND 100.0 -60.5 -84.3 275.0 45.8 16452.2 410.9 ----- SIGT 83.9 -60.3 -84.3 267.9 31.6 17546.5 432.4 ----- SIGT 78.2 -58.7 -84.3 265.0 25.8 17986.9 444.5 ----- SIGW 78.2 -58.7 -84.3 265.0 25.8 17987.0 444.5 ----- SIGW 74.5 -60.1 -84.3 270.0 28.9 18292.0 447.7 ----- SIGT 72.1 -61.1 -84.3 276.6 32.2 18494.4 449.9 ----- SIGW 70.9 -60.5 -84.3 280.0 33.8 18597.0 453.2 ----- MAND 70.0 -60.1 -84.3 295.0 30.9 18678.5 455.8 ----- SIGW 67.5 -59.4 -84.3 310.0 17.9 18902.0 462.0 ----- SIGT 67.1 -59.3 -84.3 308.0 17.5 18943.1 463.1 ----- SIGW 64.3 -59.4 -84.3 295.0 15.0 19207.0 468.6 ----- SIGW 61.3 -59.4 -84.3 250.0 11.8 19512.0 475.0 ----- SIGW 55.6 -59.6 -84.3 275.0 15.9 20121.0 488.0 ----- SIGT 52.2 -59.7 -84.3 278.0 17.1 20515.1 496.7 ----- MAND 50.0 -57.3 -84.3 280.0 17.9 20785.9 508.5 ----- SIGW 48.1 -56.4 -84.3 285.0 16.9 21036.0 516.3 ----- SIGT 46.5 -55.7 -84.3 274.6 13.4 21246.6 523.0 ----- SIGW 45.8 -56.0 -84.3 270.0 11.8 21341.0 524.4 ----- SIGT 41.3 -58.3 -84.3 280.8 11.8 21997.7 534.6 ----- SIGT 39.8 -55.9 -84.3 284.6 11.8 22231.9 546.3 ----- SIGW 39.7 -55.8 -84.3 285.0 11.8 22256.0 547.0 ----- SIGW 37.8 -55.1 -84.3 275.0 18.8 22560.0 556.4 ----- SIGW 36.1 -54.4 -84.3 285.0 16.9 22865.0 565.9 ----- SIGW 32.8 -52.9 -84.3 265.0 14.0 23475.0 585.4 ----- SIGT 32.0 -52.5 -84.3 252.2 12.9 23631.3 590.5 ----- SIGW 31.3 -52.8 -84.3 240.0 11.8 23780.0 593.7 ----- MAND 30.0 -53.3 -84.3 260.0 12.8 24047.8 599.4 ----- SIGT 28.7 -53.5 -84.3 251.7 12.0 24333.1 606.5 ----- SIGW 28.4 -53.3 -84.3 250.0 11.8 24390.0 608.6 ----- SIGT 27.8 -52.7 -84.3 247.6 11.8 24538.5 614.2 ----- SIGW 27.1 -53.3 -84.3 245.0 11.8 24695.0 616.7 ----- SIGW 25.9 -54.6 -84.3 280.0 9.9 25000.0 621.5 ----- SIGT 25.6 -54.9 -84.3 271.0 10.0 25068.4 622.6 ----- SIGT 23.6 -52.3 -84.3 202.3 10.9 25591.7 644.9 ----- SIGW 23.5 -52.4 -84.3 200.0 10.9 25609.0 645.0 ----- SIGW 22.4 -54.4 -84.3 225.0 11.8 25914.0 647.9 ----- SIGT 22.4 -54.5 -84.3 225.0 11.7 25927.7 648.0 ----- MAND 20.0 -50.3 -84.3 225.0 4.9 26660.8 682.2 ----- SIGT 18.7 -52.3 -84.7 269.9 4.3 27097.6 689.2 ----- SIGT 18.2 -50.7 -84.7 288.0 4.1 27273.7 699.6 ----- SIGW 17.7 -51.1 -84.8 305.0 3.9 27439.0 703.3 ----- SIGT 16.8 -52.1 -85.1 302.7 3.2 27793.7 711.3 ----- SIGT 16.1 -51.5 -84.5 300.9 2.7 28069.8 722.0 ----- SIGT 15.4 -48.5 -82.5 299.0 2.1 28360.4 741.1 ----- SIGT 14.1 -46.7 -81.7 295.1 1.0 28943.3 766.2 ----- SIGW 14.1 -46.8 -81.7 295.0 1.0 28963.0 766.6 ----- SIGT 12.2 -49.5 -83.5 292.9 6.8 29897.7 788.7 ----- SIGT 11.0 -48.7 -82.7 291.4 11.0 30577.5 815.3 ----- SIGT 10.4 -46.5 -81.5 290.6 13.3 30948.2 836.6 ----- MAND 10.0 -46.3 -81.3 290.0 15.0 31208.8 846.8 ----- SIGT 8.5 -45.5 -80.5 ----- ----- 32290.9 890.2 ----- SIGT 6.9 -41.3 -78.3 ----- ----- 33694.8 962.3 ----- Parcel Definition for 100 mb Boundary Layer: 0000 UTC 25 Sep 2020269 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewpoint Temperature (TD) = 9.9 C Potential Temperature (Th) = 296.2 K Equivalent Potential Temperature (ThE) = 318.1 K Mixing Ratio (MIX) = 8.2 g/kg Stability Indices and Levels: ----------------------------- Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) = 835 mb Temperature at LCL (TLCL) = 8.2 C Level of Free Convection (LFC) = 835 mb Equilibrium Level (EL) = ----- Convective Temperature (CVT) = ----- Forecast Maximum Temperature (FMAX) = 26.6 C K Index (KI) = 13.9 Lifted Index (LI) = 3.2 Severe WEAther Threat Index (SwI) = 48.6 Showalter Index (ShI) = 9.4 Total Totals Index (TTI) = 35.0 Precipitable Water (PW) = 22.4 mm Energy Analysis: ---------------- Helicity (HELI) = -47 m**2/s**2 Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = ----- Convective Inhibition (CIN) = ----- Theta-E for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 323 K CAPE for Forecast Maximum Temperature = 34 J/kg Maximum Theta-E at or below 300 mb = 326 K Pressure Level of Maximum Theta-E = 310 mb CAPE for Maximum Theta-E = ----- ================================================================================ UALIST: Done