colapster89 Posté(e) le 8 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 8 février 2008 La navette STS-122 : Départ possiblement retardé à cause d'orages dans le secteur. 2 p.m. Less than an hour before launch, the weather conditions have turned unacceptable because of a thunderstorm near Kennedy Space Center. Forecasters are hoping there is enough time for the storm to move away from the launch site before the planned 2:45 p.m. launch. Source : NASA - Launch Blog la navette a decoller Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
Regg001 Posté(e) le 8 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 8 février 2008 (modifié) Effectivement, ils ont décider d'y aller car la cellule orageuse ne se déplaçait pas dans le périmètre de lancement, ni dans la trajectoire. Le feu vert a donc été donné car les paramètres de sécurité étaient alors respectés. J'ai d'ailleurs regarder le lancement en direct via Nasa TV et c'était très impressionnant car ils l'ont montré jusqu'à la séparation du réservoir. Modifié le 8 février 2008 par Regg001 Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
ti'gui Posté(e) le 8 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 8 février 2008 (modifié) Quelqu'un a-t-il des nouvelles sur le satellite américain qui est sensé tomber sur la Terre dans les prochains jours (ou qui est déjà tombé)? L'information avait été confirmée par le pentagone fin janvier. C'est pas vraiment le même type de précipitation que la neige ou la pluie, mais ça peut devenir de plus en plus courant avec tout ce qui tourne là haut!! :P Modifié le 8 février 2008 par ti'gui Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
colapster89 Posté(e) le 8 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 8 février 2008 Quelqu'un a-t-il des nouvelles sur le satellite américain qui est sensé tomber sur la Terre dans les prochains jours (ou qui est déjà tombé)? L'information avait été confirmée par le pentagone fin janvier. C'est pas vraiment le même type de précipitation que la neige ou la pluie, mais ça peut devenir de plus en plus courant avec tout ce qui tourne là haut!! :P en effet dici 10ans a ce rythme, sa va etre rendu pile ou face si les navettes accroches un débris ou pas Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
iceberg Posté(e) le 15 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 15 février 2008 NEIGE DUPUIS NOVEMBREhttp://www.accuweather.com/news-story.asp?...ler=0&article=8 Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
Regg001 Posté(e) le 16 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 16 février 2008 (modifié) Quelqu'un a-t-il des nouvelles sur le satellite américain qui est sensé tomber sur la Terre dans les prochains jours (ou qui est déjà tombé)? L'information avait été confirmée par le pentagone fin janvier. C'est pas vraiment le même type de précipitation que la neige ou la pluie, mais ça peut devenir de plus en plus courant avec tout ce qui tourne là haut!! :P Selon La Presse et AFP, les USA vont l'abattre avec un missile bientôt (pas de date annoncée). Ce n'est pas une première de torpiller ainsi un satellite - la Chine a déja fait la même chose avec un de leurs satellites météo (version officielle ). Le but du missile n'est pas d'entrer en collision avec le satellite pour le faire exploser mais de s'y coller (au plus près) et de déclancher à distance l'explosion. Ce qui devrait fragmenter le satellite - pour mieux le laisser se désintégrer en rentrant dans l'atmosphère. Moins les pièces sont massives, plus elles ont de chance de se consumer. Le hic dans cet opération (et c'est de cette façon qu'on apprend sans le dire que les USA l'ont également déja fait), c'est que lors de manoeuvres similaires (oui oui au pluriel), des fragments se sont retrouvés en orbite à plus de 4000km au lieu de revenir vers la terre. Modifié le 16 février 2008 par Regg001 Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
garin Posté(e) le 16 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 16 février 2008 Ce qui ajoute aux nombreux objets volants en orbite autour de la terre, véritables détritus qui risquent de plus en plus de nous empêcher de sortir de notre atmosphère. Nous sommes tellement cons. Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
kgreeg Posté(e) le 16 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 16 février 2008 Amis quebecois , Pouvez vous nous rendre un petit service ? ça serai sympa de nous envoyer une de vos tempetes de neige car ici l hiver est absent. En effet evec de temperatures aux alentours de 15 degres depuis 10 jours sur la Bretagne c est plutot le printemps.Je pense que nous sommes largement audessus dez normes pour janvier , et je pense poiur février ausssi. Et ça vaut pout toute l'Europe de l'ouest.Quand je pense que tout le monde s attendait a un hiver trés rigoureux ! Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
colapster89 Posté(e) le 19 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 19 février 2008 (modifié) bon c'est l'heure des nouvelles d'ailleurs dans le monde puisqu'il y en a des bonnes. Bonne lecture sa en vaut la peine on voit pas sa tout les jours ni tout les ans. Rare Heavy Snow Brings Greece to Standstill - 18 Feb 08 Heavy snowfall left about 200 villages cut off across Greece Monday - the second day of a winter storm. Between four to six inches of snow blanketed the center of Athens, an unusual occurrence in Greece. Near central Athens' snow-covered Acropolis, only cars using snow chains could use the roads. Dozens of international and domestic flights to and from Athens' airport were canceled. Heavy snow fell also fell over much of Turkey on Monday. Snow was 5 feet high in the province of Van in eastern Turkey, and thousands of village roads were blocked off in the region. In Istanbul, snow was 9 inches deep, while the Mediterranean resort of Antalya had its first snow in 15 years.http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,331010,00.htmlMore Weather Troubles For China - 178,000 people and 20,000 motor vehicles stranded17 Feb 08 - Consecutive snow and freezing weather have blocked about 14,000 km of highways in the southwestern province of Yunnan, according to a spokesman of the provincial transport department. Since late January, the interrupted roads have amounted to 14,000 km, including 265 km expressways and more than 5,000 km trunk roads. The disaster left about 178,000 people and 20,000 motor vehicles stranded, and caused an economic loss of 154 million yuan (about 20.5 million U.S. dollars). Snowy weather returned on Thursday. Qujing, the second largest city in Yunnan, closed six highways and cancelled 42 coach routes. Transport in other cities, including Zhaotong and Diqing, has also been affected by snows.http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-02/...ent_7617704.htmSee also http://premiuma.accuweather.com/adcbin/pre...egion=worldnewsMore than 900 dead in Afghan winter - 130,000 cattle perish -16 Feb 08 - More than 900 people have died across Afghanistan as the country suffers one of its harshest winters ever. Below freezing temperatures and bitter snow storms have gripped the nation since mid December. Temperatures in the region fell to -22C (-8F); the coldest in more than 30 years. Nearly half the villages in western Afghanistan have been cut off due to heavy snowfall up to two meters (79 inches) deep. More than 130,000 cattle have perished in the freezing temperatures. More snow is expected next week.http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/news/16022008news.shtml 16 Feb 08 - Excerpt: Svend Erik Hendriksen, a certified weather observer in the Kangerlussuaq Greenland MET Office, who is responsible for all the weather observations at Kangerlussuaq Airport (near to Sisimiut), says that the cause is too much sea ice: "Several polar bears located (at least 6) close to Sisimiut town on the West coast ...Too much sea ice, so they are very hungry...Error number 36 in the movie An Inconvenient Truth Al Gore says the polar bear need more ice to survive... Now we have a lot of ice, but the polar bear is starving and find their food at the garbage dumps in towns. It's also influence the local community, polar bear alerts, keep kids away from the schools and so on.... The first one was shot at February 1st." Sadly, that "first one" is the poor female hung out in the newspaper photograp. http://web.mac.com/sinfonia1/iWeb/Global%2...20Topic%20Blog/B609A513-8AB3-4587-BE0E-D4F0A10D9C03.html15 Feb 08 - Scientists say the extreme cold temperatures across northern Canadaa in the last few weeks has been helping winter sea ice grow across the Arctic, where the ice shrank to record-low levels last year. Temperatures have stayed well in the -30s C and -40s C range since late January throughout the North, with the mercury dipping past -50 C in some areas. Satellite images are showing that the cold spell is helping the sea ice expand in coverage by about 2 million square km, compared to the average winter coverage in the previous three years. "It's nice to know that the ice is recovering," Josefino Comiso, a senior research scientist with the Cryospheric Sciences Branch of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre in Maryland, told CBC News on Thursday. [] Winter sea ice could keep expanding. The cold is also making the ice thicker in some areas, compared to recorded thicknesses last year, Lagnis added. "The ice is about 10 to 20 centimetres thicker than last year, so that's a significant increase," he said. If temperatures remain cold this winter, Langis said winter sea ice coverage will continue to expand. http://www.cbc.ca/technology/story/2008/02...arctic-ice.htmlAfter suffering its worst winter in 50 years, Tajikistan has finally appealed to the United Nations for aid. But a total loss of electricity is still a possibility, and could have terrible consequences. Left without heat, electricity or running water, hundreds of thousands of people who are trying to survive the coldest winter Tajikistan has seen for decades. Energy has always been scarce here, but it only took a few weeks of cold weather to throw this country decades back in time. In January, as temperatures dropped to a record low of -20C, people started consuming more power to keep warm and the country's entire energy system began to shut down. In the mountains, rivers froze, leaving hydropower stations without supplies to run their turbines. In the cities and villages, frozen pipes left millions of people without drinking water. "I lived in Sierra Leone during the war there but I think this is worse," one aid worker in the capital, Dushanbe, told me. There is something extremely oppressive, almost humiliating, about being constantly cold. The merciless chill seeps through clothes, bites into skin and never lets go. The UN agencies say that, with more money spent on fuel or wood, people have nothing left to eat and that food shortages are becoming severe. At a freezing-cold maternity ward outside Dushanbe, a nurse told me she was terrified of the disaster that a total blackout could bring. Electricity supplies to her hospital are already scarce and there is no heating. Floating around Dushanbe are horrifying accounts of babies freezing to death in maternity wards, or people on life support, dying during electricity cuts. Ten people living in one room. No electricity, no heat, no running water, and no food. Do you really want to cut your energy consumption by 80 percent? See entire article by Natalia Antelavahttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from...ent/7243704.stm Modifié le 19 février 2008 par colapster89 Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
Mizar Posté(e) le 19 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 19 février 2008 Ouain!, pis nous autres qui est supposé d'etre un pays Nordique et bien tu te leve de ta chaise en plein mois de Février au soir comme moi tantot pour aller fermé la fenetre de la cuisine que j'avait entreouvert un peu plus tot dans la soirée car il fesait presque +11 Deg dehors et pcq la pluie s'est mise a retomber encore et encore et ce depuis ce matin... trouver l'erreur. Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
colapster89 Posté(e) le 24 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 24 février 2008 une photo de la tempete qui fait rage au mali on par a la chasse lol? :P Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
Regg001 Posté(e) le 24 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 24 février 2008 Je l'ai toujours dit que les meilleurs photos d'orage c'est quand on est juste à l'extérieur de la cellule Belle photo. Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
kgreeg Posté(e) le 24 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 24 février 2008 ici tout va tres mal , je suis a rennes eb bretagne la temperature est de 16 deg , l hiver ne viendra plus .Qund je pense a la neige qu l y a quebec j en suis malade. Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
Tyrone Posté(e) le 24 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 24 février 2008 http://www.infoclimat.fr/cartes/france/temperature.gif Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
iceberg Posté(e) le 27 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 27 février 2008 Weekly Climate Summary for 16 February 2008 through 22 February 2008 UTCSouth Pole Station, Antarctica Temperature:Average temp... -36.8°C / -34.2°FMaximum temp... -28.1°C / -18.6°F on day 22 Minimum temp... -43.0°C / -45.4°F on day 18 Wind:Average wind speed.......... 11.5 mph or 10.0 knotsPrevailing wind direction... Grid NorthMaximum wind speed.......... 21 mph or 18 knots on day 17 and day 20Maximum wind direction...... Grid North and Grid NortheastAverage vectored wind....... 017 degrees at 8.8 knots Station Pressure:Average pressure... 682.9 mbHighest pressure... 688.0 mb on day 22 Lowest pressure.... 675.8 mb on day 19 Physio-altitude:Average physio-alt = 10519 ft/ 3206 mHighest physio-alt = 10787 ft/ 3288 m on day 19 Lowest physio-alt = 10328 ft/ 3148 m on day 22 Sky Cover:Average cloud cover (8ths)... 7 Days clear................... 0 Days partly cloudy........... 1 Days cloudy.................. 6 Sunshine:Sunset on 22 March 2008Average hours per day... 9.2Percent of possible..... 38 Visibility:0 days with visibility of 1/4 mile or less. Balloon flight data:Number of soundings for the week..... 14 Average height of soundings.......... 7.8 mb, or 34644 metersHighest sounding..................... 4.1 mb, or 37523 meterson day 22/00Z flight 0 soundings were missed. **RECORDS**No records were tied or broken this week. Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
colapster89 Posté(e) le 27 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 27 février 2008 c"est la fin de l"ete la-bas Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
ti'gui Posté(e) le 27 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 27 février 2008 c"est la fin de l"ete la-bas Où ça en France??? :P :P :P :P j'en rigole mais dans le fond c'est pas drôle du tout! Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
colapster89 Posté(e) le 27 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 27 février 2008 c"est la fin de l"ete la-bas Où ça en France??? :P :P :P :P j'en rigole mais dans le fond c'est pas drôle du tout! non je parle au pole sud Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
Regg001 Posté(e) le 28 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 28 février 2008 une photo de la tempete qui fait rage au mali on par a la chasse lol? :PSi vous voulez voir d'autres photos similaires, allez voir le site où sont déposés les photos prises par les astronautes en mission dans la station spatiale ou dans les navettes. Earth from space http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/sseop/images/efs/lowres/STS040/STS040-74-71.jpg Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
iceberg Posté(e) le 29 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 29 février 2008 south pole meltdown !! Researchers from the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) say they have discovered that a group of glaciers covering an area the size of Texas has begun to flow into the ocean at an accelerated rate during the past year. They warn that if the trend were to continue, sea level could rise worldwide by nearly 10 inches over a period of several decades. Satellite observation of the West Antarctica glaciers recorded acceleration of about 1 percent per year through the 1990s. But measurements taken by a BAS team show that ice flowing into the ocean has accelerated 7 percent in a single season. One possible cause is that a deep ocean current may be undercutting the ice and lubricating its flow. Another theory is that recently discovered geothermal activity may be melting the base of the ice, helping it slide toward the sea. Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
iceberg Posté(e) le 29 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 29 février 2008 TEMPERATURE EXTREMES THIS WEEK.... FEB 17- 23 .... 2008 The week's hottest temperature was 111.2 degrees Fahrenheit (44.0 degrees Celsius) at Podor, Senegal. The week's coldest temperature was minus 74.2 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 59.0 degrees Celsius) at Russia's Vostok Antarctic research station. Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
colapster89 Posté(e) le 29 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 29 février 2008 (modifié) Global temperatures drop precipitously.Fastest temperature change ever recorded.Nearly wipes out 100 Years of Global Warming World Temperatures according to the Hadley Center for Climate Prediction. Note the steep drop over the last year.Twelve-month long drop in world temperatures wipes out a century of warming Over the past year, anecdotal evidence for a cooling planet has exploded. China has its coldest winter in 100 years. Baghdad sees its first snow in all recorded history. North America has the most snowcover in 50 years, with places like Wisconsin the highest since record-keeping began. Record levels of Antarctic sea ice, record cold in Minnesota, Texas, Florida, Mexico, Australia, Iran, Greece, South Africa, Greenland, Argentina, Chile -- the list goes on and on. No more than anecdotal evidence, to be sure. But now, that evidence has been supplanted by hard scientific fact. All four major global temperature tracking outlets (Hadley, NASA's GISS, UAH, RSS) have released updated data. All show that over the past year, global temperatures have dropped precipitously. A compiled list of all the sources can be seen here. The total amount of cooling ranges from 0.65C up to 0.75C -- a value large enough to wipe out most of the warming recorded over the past 100 years. All in one year's time. For all four sources, it's the single fastest temperature change ever recorded, either up or down. Scientists quoted in a past DailyTech article link the cooling to reduced solar activity which they claim is a much larger driver of climate change than man-made greenhouse gases. The dramatic cooling seen in just 12 months time seems to bear that out. While the data doesn't itself disprove that carbon dioxide is acting to warm the planet, it does demonstrate clearly that more powerful factors are now cooling it. Let's hope those factors stop fast. Cold is more damaging than heat. The mean temperature of the planet is about 54 degrees. Humans -- and most of the crops and animals we depend on -- prefer a temperature closer to 70. Historically, the warm periods such as the Medieval Climate Optimum were beneficial for civilization. Corresponding cooling events such as the Little Ice Age, though, were uniformly bad news. Modifié le 29 février 2008 par colapster89 Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
Regg001 Posté(e) le 29 février 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 29 février 2008 Plus que le réchauffement et que le refroidissement (selon vos croyances), ce que démontre ces données, sont l'acroissement des phénomènes extrèmes. De très chaud à très froid - de très froid à très chaud. Des endroits où il n'y avait pratiquement jamais de neige à des accumulations soudaines (Moyen Orient 2007-2008). Des endroits où c'est presque le désert qui reçoivent soudainement de grandes quantités de pluie (Namib 2006). Des endroits reconnus comme étant froid qui subissent une fonte accélérée (pôle sud cet année et pôle nord en 2006-2007). Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
iceberg Posté(e) le 1 mars 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 1 mars 2008 MARCH UPDATE LONG RANGE FORCAST FOR CANADA AND USA.... Long Range Update through MarchFriday, February 29, 2008This is my interpretation of the latest European long range model forecast for North America that goes through the end of March. This product is updated every Friday and is only available for our own in house use, but there is nothing wrong with me telling you what it shows. The week of March 10-16 The model shows a large trough (pocket of cold air aloft) in the means across eastern North America, while it has a strong ridge (pocket of warm/dry air aloft along the U.S. West coast. --A very cold pattern by March standards across eastern Canada (eastern Manitoba through Quebec).--Unseasonably cold throughout much of the eastern U.S.--Drier than normal pattern across southwestern BC.--Above-normal temperatures across much of western Canada,--Slightly drier than normal over the western Prairies.--Stormy pattern for the Maritimes. The week of March 17-23 --Colder weather returns to much of western Canada, including the western prairies.--Wetter pattern returns to western BC.--Still colder than normal from the eastern Prairies through Ontario and Quebec.--Drier and slightly milder than normal pattern for Newfoundland. The week of March 24-30 --Unseasonably cold from the Great Lakes region into the eastern U.S.--Chilly, damp pattern for the Southeast U.S.--Above-normal precipitation for the Northeast U.S. and the coastal Maritimes.--Above-normal precipitation for BC.--Milder than normal pattern prevails for Newfoundland.--Unseasonably warm across the far western U.S.--Cold pattern for the Yukon Territory. If your region is not mentioned it usually means there was nothing that stood out, meaning fairly close to normal weather conditions for the week. ACCUWEATHER.COM Lien vers le commentaire Share on other sites More sharing options...
iceberg Posté(e) le 1 mars 2008 Signaler Partager Posté(e) le 1 mars 2008 COULD THIS CYCLE "GLOBAL WARMING" FINALLY BE WINDING DOWN? No one argues that our weather has been very EXTREME over the last few decades, especially during the past several years. Most scientists believe that our global climate is changing, but is our weather being altered by Mankind's influence, or is it merely a part of a long-term climatological cycle? According to our long-term charts, which date back to 600 B.C., there are numerous climatological cycles that influence our weather and other global events including global and national economies. For example, during "Warm-Wet" cycles, like those in the 1920s and the 1990s, we often saw above average global temperatures and precipitation. This situation often leads to bumper crops and very good worldwide economic conditions. However, when temperatures are warmer than average and precipitation falls to below normal levels, less favorable times, or even depression eras like those of the 1930s and the past several years are more likely. Cooler and drier phases often point to "calm" periods like the 1950s and early 1960s. Cycles that become too hot and dry or too cold and dry will often lead to very unfavorable periods, such as the one expected later century, near 2038. Only time will tell. For many years, following widespread ICE AGE predictions back in the 1970s, we've heard that our planet is warming up "at an alarming rate". A study from the National Academy of Science claims that "global warming is real and has been strengthening since 1981." These scientists say that the leading cause of this latest warming is the increasing emissions of greenhouse gases and carbon dioxide. They also state that by the year 2100, temperatures may increase by 2.5 degrees to as much as 10.4 degrees Fahrenheit above those of today. Up until late 2002, much of the Northern Hemisphere north of Latitude 40 was actually becoming GREENER with less total ice. In fact, the average growing season had been extended by around 2 weeks based on satellite data at the time. BUT, now, we believe that temperatures are beginning to cool again, particularly in north- central Canada where this summer there was only about 2 weeks between damaging freezes from late June into mid-July. One of our Harris-Mann Climatology clients went fishing between July 10-13 in northwestern Saskatchewan and reported "piles of ice" still on the ground in the region and temperatures close to the freezing mark. Although the recent summers of the early 21st Century have been amongst the hottest and driest on record across most of the U.S., the winter seasons, by extreme contrast, have been some of the coldest in recorded history. For example, Siberia in Russia reported readings of -70 degrees in January of 2001. Even if our planet is warming up as many scientists claim, we're still much cooler today than we were four to eight-thousand years ago. In fact, there were probably no mid-latitude glaciers about 800 million years ago, because the Earth's climate was so mild at the time. Temperatures today are primarily measured over concrete surfaces compared to grassy ones years ago. We all know that concrete and asphalt absorb heat and this often results in higher afternoon temperatures, especially when we have conditions of very little wind. During a typical hot, summer day, high temperatures may be as much as 3-7 degrees warmer at the official airport or downtown locations compared to outlying rural areas. A comprehensive climatological study of over 600 cities both in North America and around the rest of the world, which I finally completed in mid-2001, compared the average (mean) temperatures in Fahrenheit for the six decades from 1880 through 1940 and the following 60-year period ending December 31, 2000. Needless-to-say, I was a bit surprised to discover that this planet overall had only warmed up a mere .7 of one degree Fahrenheit on a global scale from 1941 through the balance of the 20th Century. In fact, if one removed the 15 largest cities, the "concrete and asphalt jungles", from the study, Mother Earth would have actually COOLED OFF about .4 of one degree Fahrenheit in the last six decades. Tokyo, Mexico City, Sao Paulo, Mumbai (Bombay), Seoul, Beijing, Osaka, Rio and Delhi each warmed up by more than a full degree Fahrenheit between 1941 and 2001. In the U.S., only Los Angeles, Phoenix, Dallas, St. Louis, Oklahoma City, Mobile, Alabama, Houston, Salt Lake City, San Jose and Sacramento warmed by a degree or more Fahrenheit during the same 60-year time span. Even New York City, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Boston, Washington, D.C. and Miami along the Atlantic Coastline only warmed up slightly, despite the so-called "heat island" effects. There were dozens of cities, mostly with populations under 300,000 people, that actually turned COOLER during the balance of the 20th Century. These cities included; Billings, Montana, Bismarck, North Dakota, Boise, Idaho, Fargo, North Dakota, Fairbanks, Alaska, Seattle, Washington, Spokane, Washington and Coeur d'Alene, Idaho which cooled by .4 of one degree Fahrenheit from 1941 to 2001. As previously mentioned, temperatures today are primarily observed over concrete or asphalt surfaces, rather than those "grassy knolls" of years past. We all know that concrete and asphalt absorb heat and this often results in higher afternoon temperatures, especially when we have conditions of very little wind. During a typical hot, summer day, high temperatures may be as much as 3-7 degrees warmer at the official airport or downtown locations compared to outlying areas. Robert Felix, author of "Not By Fire, But By Ice" discusses the possibility of an upcoming ICE AGE within the next 20-30 years. He claims, and has the data to prove it, that many glaciers are expanding worldwide, some as much as 18 feet per year and that sea levels have "dropped" slightly since the early 1990s. According to Felix, major ice ages occur about every 11,500 years with the last one occurring nearly 12,000 years ago, so we're supposedly overdue for a BIG COOLING TREND, which may have already begin as Greenland's and Antarctica's ice sheets are thickening at a rapid pace. Our climate would also cool very quickly if we were to see a series of MAJOR volcanic eruptions take place over a short period of time. Since the early 1990s, there has been an overall significant increase in volcanic activity in the Philippines, Japan, Indonesia, El Salvador, Tanzania, Mexico, Columbia, Italy, Alaska and our Pacific Northwest. Since the late 1990s, we've likewise seen a dramatic increase in undersea volcanic eruptions, especially in the western Pacific Ocean regions. Global temperatures cooled rather dramatically following the massive Mt. Pinatubo eruption in June of 1991 in the Philippines. Nearly 200 years before, there was an even more dramatic global cooling associated with the eruption of Mt. Tambora in 1815, which put an incredible EIGHT TIMES more volcanic material into the upper atmosphere than the recent strong eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. The following year, 1816, is still being referred to by New England's historians as "Eighteen-Hundred and Froze to Death". Snow fell every month that year at the higher elevations in the interior Northeast while freezes blackened crops that summer in the valleys from northern New England and southeastern Canada all the way south into the Carolinas. In the past few years, we've started to see a trend towards later frosts in the spring and earlier freezes in the fall seasons, despite the warmer than normal temperatures. Whether we continue to warm up or cool down still remains to be seen, but there's no doubt that we're in a long-term cycle of Wide Weather "EXTREMES". Stay tuned... 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